Articles tagged with Gene Identification
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study found that travellers who returned from abroad acquired and spread destination-specific antimicrobial resistance genes in their gut microbiome. The diversity of these genes increased significantly after travel, with high-risk genes resistant to common antibiotics identified.
Scientists have identified a set of microbial genes that play a crucial role in converting bile acids into beneficial forms. This discovery could lead to the development of therapeutic strategies to enhance gut health and prevent diseases associated with unbalanced bile acid levels.
Finnish researchers have identified the LOXHD1 gene as the cause of nonsyndromic early-onset hereditary canine hearing loss in Rottweilers. The study's findings have implications for breeding practices, allowing dogs to be tested for the defective gene and preventing deafness in puppies.
A new computational approach identifies genes most likely linked to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and predicts patient IQ using rare mutations. Researchers analyzed de novo missense mutations in a cohort of patients with ASD and their siblings, revealing that most genes are mutated only once.
Research identified specific genetic variants associated with COVID-19 risk, including the ABO gene and others like SLC6A20 and ERMP1. These variants can increase the chances of developing COVID-19, highlighting the importance of genetic factors in disease susceptibility.
Researchers have identified a complex network of genes controlling sleep cycles that can be understood and potentially changed. This knowledge could lead to medicines for individuals with disrupted circadian rhythms and improved crop production.
A team of University of Michigan researchers identified many genes crucial for fruit fly neuron development, including three previously unknown ones. The discovery provides insights into the complex process of neurogenesis and may lead to new approaches for understanding human brain development and regeneration.
UC Riverside researchers identified a gene, RCB, that enables plants to sense heat and respond accordingly. This discovery is crucial in developing heat-tolerant crops to address the impact of global warming on crop yields by one-third by 2050.
A UC Riverside geneticist has won a $1.7 million grant to study how barley has adapted to survive thousands of years, with the goal of understanding its future survival in extreme weather conditions. The project will also train undergraduates in agricultural science and computational techniques.
Researchers have identified seven genes essential for normal cell division, allowing a synthetic cell to grow and divide uniformly. This breakthrough aims to engineer synthetic cells for various applications, including drug production, disease detection, and computing.
Researchers discovered a rare genetic variant that dampens innate immunity to COVID-19, increasing the risk of severe disease in younger men. Genetic testing and interferon treatment may benefit affected individuals.
A genetic defect has been identified as a key factor in the development of MacTel, an eye disease that can lead to vision loss and blindness. The discovery provides new insights into the condition and may enable clinicians to better diagnose and treat it.
Researchers found 300 genes associated with neural oscillations, including hub genes that control separate gene networks. Surprisingly, several of these hubs were active in glial cells, which support and protect nerve cells. This discovery provides an entry point for further research into the underpinnings of human memory.
Researchers at Earlham Institute created a new automated workflow using liquid handling robots to identify the genetic basis of preventing plant pathogens. The new technology screened 2,880 mutants in just 11 hours, identifying a gene cluster linked to growth inhibition of the common potato pathogen.
A new software tool called scfind allows researchers to quickly query datasets generated from single-cell sequencing, identifying which cell types any combination of genes are active in. This enables swift analysis of multiple datasets containing millions of cells by a wide range of users.
Researchers have identified 40 genes that suppress axon regeneration in central nervous system cells, hindering recovery from brain and spinal cord injuries. By editing out one gene, they restored axons in mouse models with glaucoma, suggesting a potential new approach to treating neural damage.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complex disease characterized by thickening of the left ventricle. Researchers have identified patient-specific protein networks using RNA-seq and tissue samples from HCM patients. This study offers a path toward individualized medicine for treating HCM.
A new 523-gene panel has been developed to diagnose and treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), identifying more genetic mutations and potential treatment targets. The panel has shown high sensitivity and specificity in detecting AML and has the potential to improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at NUI Galway have contributed to a significant international study identifying nine specific genes linked to breast cancer risk. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, used DNA samples from 2,000 Irish patients and controls to uncover key genetic associations.
Researchers discovered a gene that shows butterflies and flowers independently evolved to make the same chemical compound for different purposes. Male butterflies use this pheromone to repulse competitors and attract females only once.
Researchers identified key gene networks controlling sugar and organic acid metabolism in watermelon fruit, shedding light on its sensory quality. The study's findings have important implications for improving watermelon breeding levels in China and the development of the watermelon industry.
A study on lettuce reveals that the genetic basis of leaf heading is controlled by a single gene, LsKN1, which promotes compact head development and prolongs shelf life. The researchers found that a transposon insertion in this gene elevates its expression, leading to heading in crisphead lettuce.
Biologists from RUDN University identified polymorphisms in six genes that determine flaxseed oil's fatty acid composition and shelf life. The study found specific gene variations that extend the shelf life of flaxseed oil, improving genetic selection for new flax breeds.
Researchers have identified the BICRA gene as a new disease gene involved in neurodevelopmental disorders. The study found that mutations in the BICRA gene can cause disease in humans and flies, and may provide new insights into how to develop individualized medical plans for patients with similar conditions.
Researchers at Harvard University have identified a key gene POPOVICH responsible for floral nectar spur development, a crucial innovation in plant evolution. This discovery provides insight into the origin of this trait and its role in promoting biodiversity among flowering plants.
The study analyzed over 591,000 chemical-gene interactions and found that almost every well-known molecular pathway is sensitive to chemicals to a certain degree. The researchers identified genes and pathways most sensitive to chemical exposures, including aging, lipid metabolism, and autoimmune disease.
A new tissue screening assay for human cerebral organoids identified 25 additional candidate genes for microcephaly, nearly doubling the number of currently known genes linked to the rare neurological condition. The CRISPR-LICHT technology revealed these genes associated with both known and previously unknown microcephaly-driving pathw...
Researchers identified 28 new genes associated with developmental disorders, including 500 families, using the largest genetic resource available. The study estimates that another 1,000 genes linked to these conditions remain undiscovered.
Researchers at the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center have identified a novel seed dispersal gene in wild green millet, which could lead to more efficient crop production. The discovery was made through the analysis of nearly 600 genome sequences and confirmed by gene editing studies.
A new study in mice identifies a critical gene for short-term memory that functions in the thalamus, not traditionally associated with memory. Disabling this gene enhances working memory in low-performing mice.
Researchers at UMD discovered that mosquitoes lack a critical gene for proper body segmentation, but a related gene took its place. This finding highlights the importance of caution in genetic studies and offers new potential avenues for targeted mosquito control strategies.
Research reveals genetic differences in fat storage and formation affecting disease susceptibility in men and women. Six genes were identified as potential therapeutic targets for distinct outcomes in each sex.
Researchers identified thousands of rare epigenetic variations in the human genome, linked to abnormal gene expression and Mendelian diseases. The study highlights the significance of epivariations in contributing to a fraction of genetic diseases, including hereditary cancers.
Scientists at Nagoya University discovered two genes, ACE1 and DEC1, that counteract each other to regulate rice plant stem growth. The findings suggest a new approach for genetically modifying rice crops to improve yield and adaptability.
A team of researchers has identified a key gene, POPOVICH, responsible for the development of nectar spurs in Aquilegia. The study used a spurless species to pinpoint the gene and found that it promotes cell divisions in the regions where the spur develops.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have identified a gene critical to the development of columbines' iconic spurs, which has led to rapid expansion in the genus. The discovery provides new insights into how key innovations evolve and could shed light on the genetic changes underlying this trait.
Researchers from IRB Barcelona have identified 568 cancer driver genes, play specific roles in cell growth regulation, DNA replication, and more. These genes confer malignant cells rapid reproduction, immune evasion, and invasive capabilities.
Researchers from NUS identified covalently closed circular RNAs (circRNAs) from the ASXL1 gene involved in leukemia development and found that circASXL1-1 regulates BAP1 deubiquitinase activity. The study provides insights into a new mechanism for H2AK119ub levels regulation, which could lead to targeted therapeutic approaches.
A new software program can identify drug-resistant genes in bacteria with up to 90% accuracy. The WSU research team developed a machine-learning algorithm that uses features of AMR proteins to identify AMR genes, providing a more efficient way to predict antimicrobial resistance.
Dr. Jeffrey A. Towbin, a researcher at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, has received a NIH research project grant to identify modifier genes in cardiomyopathy. The study aims to understand how different genetic backgrounds affect the expression of myopalladin, a gene linked to the severity of cardiomyopathy.
Researchers are collecting DNA data from popular home genetic-testing kits to identify key genes involved in the body's response to Covid-19. The study, called Coronagenes, aims to understand why some people become ill while others remain symptom-free.
Researchers have identified genes implicated in neurodegeneration throughout the stages of Alzheimer's disease using gene-network analysis. The study found that protein domain networks collapse during the progression of AD, leading to neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration.
Researchers have identified ATP10B as a novel risk gene for Parkinson's disease, revealing its role in transporting glucosylceramide, a lipid critical to the disease's pathogenesis. Mutations in this gene can lead to neuronal loss and increased sensitivity to environmental risk factors.
A gene switch, excessive number of floral organs (eno), plays a crucial role in boosting fruit size during tomato domestication. Analysis reveals that mutations in eno result in larger flowers and fruits, leading to higher yields.
Researchers found that mutations in gene ydcI cause increased numbers of persisters, a type of bacteria resistant to antibiotics. Persisters have memory loss, leading to abnormal growth and making them difficult to treat.
Researchers found that a specific gene is switched off in alpine plants, allowing them to grow hairs and protect against UV sunlight. The discovery could aid the production of useful chemicals and provide insights into plant evolution.
Scientists from UNIGE and HUG identify monogenic diabetes in 42% of pediatric patients, enabling tailored treatments. The study highlights the need for precision medicine to address chronic hyperglycemia, suggesting a systematic diagnosis approach to minimize long-term complications.
Researchers developed a new database of gene essentiality, providing insight into the causes of rare childhood diseases. The study identifies new mutations likely responsible for these conditions and offers a valuable resource for clinicians and researchers.
Researchers identified 102 genes associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including 49 linked to developmental delays. The large international cohort of nearly 12,000 ASD participants enabled the team to increase the number of associated genes from 65 in 2015.
Researchers at UNIGE discovered a new gene linked to blindness and cardiomyopathy, which causes a deficiency in taurine. Administering a taurine supplement halted the progression of eye disease and treated cardiac disease in two children.
A new study identified Gemin3 as a molecular 'bridge' between genes causing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease. The research holds promise for developing treatments effective for a broad range of ALS patients.
Researchers have identified a second gene, BSND, which determines the severity of kidney disease in patients with Joubert syndrome. The discovery has significant implications for diagnosis and treatment of genetic kidney diseases, offering hope for personalized therapies to reduce disease severity.
A study in Scientific Reports presents a genetic model that accurately estimates lifespans of different vertebrate species by analyzing 42 selected genes and their CpG sites, which are correlated with lifespan. The 'lifespan clock' reveals high predictive power for various species, including extinct ones.
A recent study identified distinct gene signatures associated with memory creation, found in cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. These genes play crucial roles in memory processes, immune signaling, neuronal generation, and mRNA production.
A study identifies 5 genetic markers near the EGLN1 gene linked to high-altitude adaptations, suggesting natural selection in these populations. These markers were found at higher frequencies among 429 Quechua people from Peru compared to lowland populations.
By blocking the expression of c-Answer, a newly identified gene, researchers found that tadpoles can no longer regrow lost tails or limbs. The loss of this gene may have led to the evolution of appendage regeneration in cold-blooded animals.
A new gene, NPSR1, has been discovered that promotes natural short sleep and prevents memory deficits associated with sleep deprivation. The researchers found that the mutant version of NPSR1 is easier to activate and better at switching on other proteins involved in wakefulness.
Researchers have developed a novel way to identify previously unrecognized antibiotic-resistance genes in bacteria using machine learning and game theory. The approach determined the presence of antibiotic-resistant genes in three different types of bacteria with high accuracy.
Researchers from King's College London and UCL have identified 44 genes linked to age-related hearing loss, offering a clearer understanding of the condition's development. The study's findings may lead to new therapies for millions worldwide affected by hearing loss as they age.
Cetaceans lost genes for saliva secretion and lung function to adapt to aquatic life. They also shed melatonin production genes, leading to novel sleep patterns where one brain hemisphere stays awake to generate heat as needed.