Articles tagged with Genotypes
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Researchers identified a genetic marker that predicts response to hepatitis C treatments, revealing a single-letter DNA change near the IL28B gene. This discovery explains why African-Americans and East Asians respond differently to treatment, highlighting individual genetic makeup as a key determinant of response.
Researchers found that levels of paraoxonase 1 enzyme activity remained low in some individuals through age 7, contradicting the assumption that children approach adult levels by age 2. The study recommends re-evaluating EPA standards for acceptable pesticide exposure levels.
Scientists at the University of Iceland and Marine Research Institute report a significant difference in Darwinian fitness between shallow-water and deep-water adapted cod. The study found that intense habitat-specific fishing pressure led to rapid elimination of shallow-water fish, drastic effects on populations and fisheries.
A new study challenges the idea that individuals with certain genotypes are predestined to negative life outcomes. Infants raised in small social groups were more likely to be aggressive and anxious, particularly those with a low activity MAOA genotype. However, no genotype effects were evident in monkeys reared in larger social cages.
Researchers at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center discovered genetic variations in the inflammation pathway that reduce bladder cancer recurrence and increase survival. Patients with risk-reducing genotypes had a 84% lower likelihood of disease recurrence after BCG treatment.
A new study has found a potential link between a gene variant and the risk of stroke and heart attacks in women who experience migraines. Women who carried certain genotypes were found to be at double the risk of stroke and heart attacks, while those with other genotypes were not. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
A recent study in Crop Science proposes data-driven methods to group breeding programs compatible for germplasm exchange. The researchers identified three mega-targets of selection among barley breeding programs, which could produce adapted genotypes with high yields.
A genetic variant of interleukin-18 has been found to be associated with a prolonged ICU stay after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, leading to increased inflammation and adverse outcomes. The TT genotype was carried by 58% of the subjects, indicating a potential risk factor for patients undergoing CPB.
Researchers identified associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and altered blood folate, homocysteine, and DNA uracil concentrations in Puerto Rican adults. These findings suggest that SNPs may increase the risk for cancer by causing DNA breakage.
Research team constructs eukaryotic plasmids containing HBV C genotype and lamivudine-resistant sequences, providing an experimental basis for in vitro studies on HBV lamivudine-resistant mutants. The results contribute to understanding the mechanism of HBV lamivudine-resistance.
The study found that high concentrations of serum folate/vitamin B12 are associated with an increased risk of promoter methylation in tumor-specific genes, which is modified by the MTHFR C677T genotype. The results suggest a potential protective effect against colorectal cancer.
Researchers found a significant association between anti-HBe antibodies and increased ALT levels among HBV-infected patients. Genotype D was the only type detected in different clinical forms of acute and chronic infections, with a higher prevalence of HBeAg-negative status among chronic hepatitis patients.
A study found that heavy alcohol drinking combined with specific genetic polymorphisms in cytochromes P4502E1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 increases the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Individuals with the combined ALDH2 (1/2) and CYP2E1 (c1/c1) genotype showed a dramatically increased risk of ESCC.
Researchers found a positive association between maternal and paternal BMI and offspring fat mass, but the effect of maternal BMI was weaker. The study suggests that interventions improving diet and physical activity levels could slow or halt the obesity epidemic.
Researchers found a significant link between alcohol intake and increased blood pressure, even among moderate drinkers with the *1 *1 genotype. This study challenges previous findings and suggests that alcohol may be a more significant risk factor for hypertension than previously thought.
A new study published in PLoS Medicine shows that individuals who drink on a regular basis have a higher systolic blood pressure due to the ALDH2 gene variant. This association indicates that alcohol intake has an effect on blood pressure, particularly for Japanese men.
Research finds that TS genotype is associated with protein expression levels, which can predict patient response to 5-FU-based chemotherapy. Patients with triple-repeated genotypes have higher intratumoral TS protein expression and better clinical outcomes.
A new study has discovered a link between gene variations and the effectiveness of blood pressure medications. Patients with certain gene variations experienced varying results with different types of medication, suggesting that tailoring treatment to an individual's genotype may lead to more favorable outcomes.
A new study has found that widely used asthma medication long-acting beta-agonists may not be associated with adverse events based on a patient's genotype. The study analyzed data from two clinical trials and found no differences in asthma symptoms or control between patients with different beta-2 adrenergic receptor genotypes.
Two new studies found that treating Hepatitis C with peginterferon and ribavirin for shorter durations can yield similar success rates to longer treatments, with cost savings and reduced risk of serious side effects. Patients' HCV-RNA levels after 4 weeks may be an important factor in determining the best treatment length.
The WIN-R study found weight-based REBETOL plus PEG-INTRON improves sustained virologic response and lowers relapse rates, particularly in African-Americans with genotype 1 HCV. Weight-based dosing is also justified for very heavy patients.
A study found that the -765G>C COX2 polymorphism increases the risk of ovarian cancer by nearly two-fold in C allele carriers and nearly three-fold in women under 53. The mutation may enhance COX-2 gene expression, inhibiting apoptosis and promoting tumour proliferation.
Researchers analyzed relationships between apolipoprotein E genotypes and lipid levels, as well as coronary risk. They found that E2/E2 genotype was associated with lower LDL-C values and reduced coronary risk compared to other genotypes.
Researchers at Michigan State University found that clones with similar genetic traits outperformed those with varied genetics, producing more flowers and potentially increasing reproduction. The study suggests that a gene called Erecta plays a role in this variation, but further research is needed to confirm the findings.
A new study analyzed predictors of sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The results identified several independent factors that impact SVR, including low levels of HCV in the blood, absence of cirrhosis, and genotype other than genotype 1. Patients treated with pegylated interferon alfa...
A study published in Clinical Chemistry found that genetic variations in the APOA2 gene are associated with dietary preferences, particularly for fat, protein, and carbohydrate. Individuals with a certain genotype were more likely to consume higher amounts of fat, calories, and be obese compared to those with other genotypes.
The study demonstrated that genotyping can optimize Quinamed dosing for improved tolerance and antitumor activity. Patients with slow acetylator genotypes showed evidence of anticancer activity in various tumor types, including prostate, ovarian, and gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
A study found that specific genetic variants in genes CFH and LOC387715 are associated with an increased risk of progressing to advanced age-related macular degeneration. Smoking and high body mass index further increase the risk, but healthy lifestyle habits can reduce it.
A large study found that carriers of the APOE4 gene, which increases Alzheimer's risk, showed the same normal age-related cognitive declines as non-carriers. The research suggests the higher-risk genotype acts only in later years to accelerate disease progression.
A new study by researchers at the University of Bristol found that genetic vulnerability, not organophosphate exposure, may be a factor in Gulf War veterans' and farmers' depression. The study suggests that everyday toxins and activities, rather than specific chemical hazards, are likely to contribute to depressive symptoms.
Research casts doubt on organophosphate poisoning as cause of Gulf War Syndrome depression, suggesting genetic factors are more likely to cause symptoms. Studies show that individuals with specific gene variants, such as the PON1 Q192R gene, are more prone to depression.
A study on Glanville fritillary butterflies found that genetic variation affects population growth, with different genotypes favored in small versus large meadows due to differences in maturation and egg-laying strategies. The results suggest a complex relationship between genotype, habitat, and population dynamics.
The study identified a specific genetic profile linked to longevity and favorable lipoprotein profiles in centenarians. The Apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) SNP was associated with healthier triglyceride and cholesterol levels, lower hypertension rates, and improved cardiovascular health.
A recent study has outlined the genetic differences between two potential pandemic influenza strains of H5N1, revealing increased genetic diversity and a higher risk of human transmission. The research found that the viruses belong to genotype Z, with one strain being more virulent than others.
A new study published in Pharmacogenetics and Genomics found significant variability in pesticide susceptibility among Latina women and their newborns. The researchers used PON1 enzyme activity as a marker for pesticide resistance and discovered that genetic variants can significantly affect enzyme levels, particularly in children.
Researchers found 42% of a group of 127 people met criteria for lifetime major depression, with three genetic types identified in the population. Those with the predisposition have an 80% chance of becoming depressed if exposed to multiple negative life events.
Children with a specific gene variation are more susceptible to respiratory illness when exposed to second-hand smoke. The USC study found that these children are four times more likely to miss school due to lower-respiratory illness, and their risk increases with exposure to multiple smokers.
Researchers used a fast and low-cost computational tool to predict haplotypes from the world's largest genotypes database. The study provides valuable insights into human genetic variation, enabling faster computation of haplotypes and improving disease research.
A study found that certain gene variants, specifically ADRB2 genotypes, are associated with a higher risk of mortality in patients taking beta-blocker therapy for heart conditions. The researchers identified specific genotype groups at high risk for long-term mortality and suggested pharmacogenetic targeting to improve ACS care.
A study by University of Florida researchers found that certain gene variants interact with physical activity to affect mobility in seniors. Those with specific genes, such as the DD genotype, were more likely to remain mobile and experienced less decline, even among those who exercised regularly.
A certain gene variation has been identified as a potential marker for differential response to exercise in older adults. A high level of physical activity was associated with the preservation of physical function, with improved risk benefits seen in those possessing the ID or DD genotypes compared to the II genotype.
A new study found that peginterferon-alfa-2b with ribavirin was well-tolerated and yielded a sustained viral response in 59% of children with chronic hepatitis C. Patients infected via needle or with normal liver enzyme levels responded better to treatment.
A study of 301 patients with glioblastoma multiforme found that the 'SS' variant genotype of hTERT significantly improved survival rates, averaging 25 months compared to 14 months for other genotypes. The research suggests new treatment directions for this aggressive cancer.
A nested case-control study found that higher HBV viral loads were associated with increased liver cancer risk in Taiwanese men. Genotype C was also linked to a five-fold increased risk of HCC, with effects exacerbated by high viral load levels.
The BARGE trial found that individuals with the arginine genotype had poorer asthma control when using albuterol, while those with the glycine genotype had better asthma control. This suggests that genetic variations can impact response to common asthma medication, leading to potential personalization of therapy.
A combination therapy of peginterferon alfa-2a and ribavirin achieved a 40% sustained virological response in co-infected patients, the highest ever reported. The treatment did not interfere with the effectiveness of HIV drugs, offering hope for previously untreated patients.
A study led by Duke University Medical Center researchers found African-Americans have a significantly lower response rate to treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Only 19% of African-American patients responded to the drug combination, while 52% of non-Hispanic white patients achieved a sustained virologic response.
Researchers found that a specific gene variant interacts with stressful events to predict depression risk, with individuals carrying a short allele more vulnerable to depression after stress. The study's findings suggest new potential treatments and diagnostic techniques for millions of people worldwide affected by depression.
A specific gene variation, CYP2A6del, may inhibit smokers from quitting and protect against pulmonary emphysema. The study found that this allele was more common in heavy smokers who consumed fewer cigarettes and had a lower risk of developing lung disease.
Researchers identify APOE genotype as significant risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy, a condition that can lead to severe complications such as amputations and chronic pain. The study suggests that biomarkers like the APOE 3/4 or 4/4 genotypes could help direct intensive interventions to patients at high risk.
Researchers found that specific genetic variants, such as the val158met polymorphism in the COMT gene, influence an individual's sensitivity to pain. This genetic variation affects brain regions involved in pain perception and emotional regulation, leading to increased pain ratings and a more negative internal state.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Medical Genetics found a significant association between SIDS and a gene regulating serotonin uptake. The study identified an increased frequency of the L allele in SIDS cases versus controls, suggesting a potential genetic risk factor for the condition.
The American Association of Clinical Chemistry presents an update on HCV testing, highlighting the importance of laboratory tests for diagnosis and monitoring treatment efficacy. New testing methods, including core antigen and genotype testing, are being developed to assist clinicians in diagnosing HCV infection.
A combination treatment of Pegasys and ribavirin has shown an unprecedented 61% sustained virologic response rate, the highest ever recorded. The treatment regimen should be based on hepatitis C virus genotype rather than traditional weight-based methodology.
The study examined PON1 activity in children and adolescents with high lipid levels, finding associations between certain genotypes and HDL cholesterol levels. The researchers also found that dietary fat intake increased over time, contradicting expected trends in the nutritional intervention population.
A study found that the MDR1 gene variation is associated with immune recovery after HIV treatment. The polymorphism MDR1 3435C/T predicts improved CD4-cell count recovery. This suggests P-glycoprotein plays a crucial role in antiretroviral drug absorption.
A study of 96 elderly women found that high caffeine intake (over 300mg/day) accelerates bone loss, especially in those with the tt VDR genotype. Moderate caffeine consumption is not linked to increased bone loss, and doctors recommend adequate calcium and moderate caffeine for their patients.
A study found that a specific mutation in the human MDR1 gene affects P-glycoprotein expression, leading to decreased effectiveness of HIV-1 protease inhibitors in West Africans and African Americans compared to Caucasians. This could have significant implications for drug treatment in these populations.
A study of 286 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease found that treatment response to Aricept was not predicted by ApoE4 genotype or gender. Patients treated with Aricept showed significant improvements in global function and cognition, while those on placebo experienced decline.
Research reveals a strong interaction between neuroticism and the serotonin transporter gene in influencing cigarette smoking behavior. Individuals with poorly expressed serotonin transporter genotypes and high levels of neuroticism face significant challenges in quitting smoking. This study suggests personalized approaches to smoking ...