Rna
Articles tagged with Rna
A*STAR scientists develop new method to reveal how RNA structure influences health and disease
DNA matches identify four more sailors from Franklin expedition
Researchers from the University of Waterloo have identified four more members of Sir John Franklin's 1845 expedition using DNA samples extracted from skeletal remains. The new discoveries bring the total number of identified sailors to six, providing previously unavailable details about the circumstances and locations of their deaths.
The boy on the balcony who never came outside
Dr. Dilek Colak's journey began with a childhood observation of a boy with mental illness, which inspired her to pursue a career in neuroscience. Her current work focuses on understanding autism and schizophrenia through the study of human brain organoids.
Anne Bang joins $13M research project on age-related RNA pollution and brain degeneration
Researchers studying RNA pollution's impact on aging brains seek to develop therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. Sanford Burnham Prebys scientist Anne Bang will use advanced robotics to test thousands of compounds.
MIT study: Gene circuits reshape DNA folding and affect how genes are expressed
Researchers at MIT discovered that gene circuits can reshape DNA folding and affect gene expression in human cells. The study found that rearranging genes along a DNA strand, or 'gene syntax,' can amplify or suppress the expression of neighboring genes.
Research Alert: Water molecules found to actively drive gene transcription process
Researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to visualize individual water molecules and metal ions within RNA polymerase II, revealing their active role in DNA transcription. The study provides a new understanding of how genetic information is read and expressed, challenging the traditional 'protein-centered' view.
Treatment of rare childhood epilepsy could begin before birth
Researchers suggest treatment could start during pregnancy to prevent brain damage and reduce neurological harm. A new RNA-based therapy reduces abnormal electrical currents in patient-derived excitatory neurons.
UCLA researchers develop new method to customize artificial tiny organs inside cells
Researchers have developed a new method to build programmable artificial organelles inside living cells using RNA, enabling customization of cellular compartments and tunable properties. This approach may lead to specialized biological functions for nanomedicine and gene engineering.
A hidden way cancer cells rewrite genetic messages uncovered, revealing a new target for treatment
Scientists have uncovered an unexpected way cancer cells generate cancer-driving proteins by cutting RNA into shorter fragments. This process, termed as RNA dicing, enables the production of a truncated form of the JAK1 protein that remains highly active and can promote tumor growth.
Self‑replicating circular RNA persists in extreme environments: Insights from hot spring microbiomes
A novel circular RNA replicon was identified in a high-temperature hot spring ecosystem, showing profound divergence from previously known circular RNAs. The discovery reveals diverse self-replicating RNAs exist even in extreme environments, broadening the ecological scope of RNA-based replication systems.
$13 million CIRM award to fund research on the role of RNA pollution in neurodegenerative diseases
The researchers will investigate novel therapies to protect the aging brain from neurodegenerative diseases by eliminating RNA pollution. They will map out signatures of RNA pollution across over 200 cell lines and patient biofluids to understand its effects.
mRNA vaccines follow unconventional immune path to destroy tumors
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered that mRNA vaccines can trigger strong anti-tumor responses even without certain immune cell subtypes, suggesting a novel pathway for cancer treatment. The study found that both cDC1 and cDC2 dendritic cells play a role in stimulating T-cell responses.
Point-of-care hepatitis C testing in a tribal setting
A community-based point-of-care HCV RNA testing program was feasible and led to a high percentage of same-day treatment for American Indian and Alaska Native participants. The study supports expanding point-of-care HCV RNA testing and integrated treatment to advance HCV elimination.
New technique maps cancer drug uptake inside living cells
A new analytical method allows scientists to track exactly where a cancer drug accumulates inside a living cell, enabling more precise treatment design. This breakthrough uses subcellular capillary sampling and laser ablation – Inductively coupled plasma – Mass spectrometry to detect trace amounts of metal in individual cells.
NTU Singapore scientists invent AI-powered biochip that detects genetic markers in 20 minutes
A team of scientists from NTU Singapore has developed a new biochip that, when paired with Artificial Intelligence (AI), can detect quickly and accurately extremely small amounts of microRNAs. The device can cut detection time from hours to 20 minutes.
Scientists reverse brain aging, with a nasal spray
Researchers developed a nasal spray that reversibly reduces brain inflammation, restores cellular power plants, and improves memory. The treatment bypasses the brain's protective shield through intranasal delivery, suppressing chronic inflammation and promoting successful brain aging.
A new mechanism explains how protein production is regulated in fatty liver under metabolic stress
Scientists identify dysregulation of RNA editing as contributor to altered fetal brain development in down syndrome
Researchers found that an extra copy of chromosome 21 leads to increased levels of the ADARB1 enzyme, causing premature and excessive RNA editing in developing brain cells. This dysregulation affects how brain cells communicate and form circuits, potentially influencing neurological and behavioral outcomes in Down syndrome.
Protein complex protects central RNA quality control from disruption
A research team discovered that a protein complex consisting of SMG1, SMG8, and SMG9 ensures the efficient execution of nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). The study found that this complex is essential for maintaining the stability of NMD under various conditions.
Unlocking the cell's 'gatekeeper': UC Irvine researchers discover critical RNA quality-control factor, LENG8
Researchers at UC Irvine have identified LENG8 as a crucial regulator of RNA quality control, enabling cells to retain or degrade specific RNAs. This discovery sheds light on the mechanisms underlying cellular processes such as gene expression and translation.
Engineered lipid nanoparticles reprogram immune metabolism for better mRNA vaccines
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania developed lipid nanoparticles that modify immune metabolism to strengthen mRNA vaccines and reduce common side effects. The new lipid boosts the metabolism of immune cells, providing energy for the body's defenses while dialing down inflammatory signals.
Sugar-processing enzyme has a hidden second job – controlling when cells divide
Researchers discovered that PFK, a key sugar-processing enzyme, has a hidden function controlling cell division by unwinding RNA and promoting gene translation. The enzyme's ability to bind and unwind RNA was found to be crucial for cell cycle progression, with cells lacking PFK2 showing slowed growth and division issues.
A new RNA therapy could help the heart repair itself
A new RNA therapy has been developed to enhance the heart's own ability to protect and repair itself after a heart attack. The therapy, which involves injecting particles into the arm, significantly reduced scarring and improved heart function in lab experiments, offering a potential breakthrough for heart patients.
Mining the dark transcriptome: University of Toronto Engineering researchers create the first potential drug molecules from long noncoding RNA
Researchers have synthesized long noncoding RNA molecules with anti-inflammatory properties, demonstrating a new paradigm in drug discovery. The team identified three lncRNA sequences that regulate inflammation and used them to create nanoparticles that reduced inflammation in human cell cultures and mice.
First comprehensive sex-specific atlas of GLP-1 in the mouse brain reveals why blockbuster weight-loss drugs may work differently in females and males
Researchers mapped GLP-1 expression in 25 brain regions in each sex, uncovering striking differences in key circuits. The atlas reveals sex-biased expression in certain medullary nuclei, with higher Glp1 densities and numbers of Glp1-expressing neurons in females compared to males.
How faulty mRNA is destroyed
Researchers have identified a crucial mechanism behind nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), which removes faulty transcripts to prevent incomplete protein production. The study reveals that the SMG5 and SMG6 proteins interact directly, forming an endonuclease that cuts through RNA in a targeted manner.
UAlbany researchers develop new laser technique to test mRNA-based therapeutics
Researchers at UAlbany are developing a new technique using Raman spectroscopy to ensure mRNA is properly encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles, improving the safety and effectiveness of mRNA vaccines and therapeutics. The technique allows for instantaneous analysis without damaging the sample, enabling optimization of formulations.
Do certain circulating small non-coding RNAs affect longevity?
Researchers identified nine piRNAs linked to longevity, which could be detected through simple blood tests. The study suggests that these molecules may help predict survival and guide therapeutic targets for older adults.
Keeping neurons on the right path
Researchers identify nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) as a central mediator of neuronal migration and cortical lamination. The study reveals that UPF2, a core component of NMD machinery, is essential for proper neuron migration and brain development.
In Rett syndrome, leaky brain blood vessels traced to microRNA
MIT neuroscientists have found that two genetic mutations causing Rett syndrome compromise the structural integrity of developing blood vessels, leading to leaky vessels. Overexpression of miRNA-126-3p is responsible for the vascular defect, which can be rescued by reducing the miRNA's levels.
Study identifies aging-associated mitochondrial circular RNAs
A study profiles mitochondrial circular RNAs in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from young and old human cohorts, revealing that circMT-RNR2 levels are depleted in older cohorts and are involved in promoting the TCA cycle. Loss of GRSF1 reduces circMT-RNR2 levels, decreasing mitochondrial TCA intermediates and accelerating cellular ...
Ribosomes in pairs
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Brain Research discovered that stressed animal cells, including neurons, assemble inactive ribosomes into tightly linked pairs, known as disomes. This novel mechanism relies on a specific piece of ribosomal RNA called an expansion segment to form a precise RNA-RNA interaction.
Mapping protein production in brain cells yields new insights for brain disease
Scientists have developed a technology that reveals which proteins are generated by individual brain cells. They mapped protein production across nearly 20,000 individual cells in the mouse hippocampus, finding surprising patterns and potential links to neurological conditions. The study sheds light on how translation affects memory ci...
Nuclear speckles play a key role in the progression of viral infection
Research reveals that nuclear speckles are essential for processing and exporting viral messenger RNAs from the nucleus, highlighting their critical role in viral infections. The study suggests that understanding how viruses interact with host cells can lead to new ways to treat and prevent viral diseases.
Upcycling genes: New platform breathes life into underperforming genetic parts
A research team has developed a 'SUPER' platform that utilizes synthetic small RNAs as add-on controllers for genetic switches. This technology enhances the performance and stability of gene regulatory devices by addressing the issue of 'leakage', where genes continue to express at low levels even in the 'OFF' state.
Addressing rapid viral evolution: Chinese research team unveils emerging techniques for RNA viruses diagnostics
New diagnostic methods aim to detect RNA viruses with high sensitivity and specificity, overcoming the challenge of rapid evolutionary dynamics. The techniques include mutation-tolerant screening and precise mutation discrimination.
Research from IOCB Prague reveals a previously unknown mechanism of genetic transcription
Scientists have identified a previously unknown molecular mechanism for initiating gene transcription in cells under stress. Using cryogenic electron microscopy, they observed how dinucleoside polyphosphate molecules bind to RNA polymerase, enabling the formation of alternative caps that protect cellular RNA.
Scientists discover a hidden RNA “aging clock” in human sperm
Researchers found a progressive shift in RNA contents of sperm with age, potentially contributing to health risks of having kids later in life. The discovery may lead to improved fertility outcomes and diagnostic tools.
Fathers’ health influences offspring through sperm RNAs
A study in mice found that paternal immune activation affects small RNAs in sperm, leading to changes in offspring phenotypes such as increased body size and impaired insulin sensitivity. The findings suggest a potential mechanism for intergenerational transmission of health disorders.
New clues to preventing stillbirth
Flinders University researchers discovered a biological process that could explain some stillbirths and pave the way for early detection. The study found that molecules called circular RNAs build up in the placenta too quickly during pregnancy, compromising its ability to nourish the baby.
New software sheds light on cancer’s hidden genetic networks
Researchers developed RNACOREX, a new open-source software tool that identifies gene regulation networks in cancer. The tool analyzes thousands of molecules simultaneously to detect key interactions, providing an interpretable molecular map that improves understanding of tumors.
Tiny viral switch offers hope against drug-resistant bacteria
Researchers discovered a tiny RNA molecule called PreS that helps viruses copy their DNA more efficiently and boost replication in bacterial cells. This discovery provides important insights for designing smarter phage-based therapies against antibiotic-resistant infections.
UMass Amherst chemists develop unique tool for studying RNA
Researchers at UMass Amherst have developed a unique tool for studying RNA, allowing them to observe its behavior inside live cells. The three-color method uses glowing proteins that target specific parts of the RNA molecule, providing valuable insights into RNA's functions and how they impact cellular health.
A RNA-based molecule enhances therapies against pancreatic cancer
Researchers at IIT identified a candidate molecule called Apt1 that enhances existing anticancer therapies by making tumour cells more vulnerable to chemotherapy drugs. The molecule slows DNA repair and impairs the interaction between RAD51 and BRCA2 proteins, inducing synthetic lethality in cancerous cells.
Opposing forces in cells could hold clues to treating disease
Researchers found that two proteins in the CCR4-NOT complex have opposing roles in controlling genetic messages, with one destabilizing and the other steadying mRNA. This balance is critical to gene regulation and understanding cellular differentiation, adaptation to environmental stimuli, and disease mechanisms.
Study uncovers new drug target for huge class of viruses
A study from UMBC reveals a conserved RNA-protein interaction as a promising target for broad-spectrum enterovirus antivirals. The researchers found that a fusion protein called 3CD recruits proteins to assemble the replication complex, and targeting this interface could lead to universal drugs.
Scientists identify small RNA molecule that regulates cholesterol and heart disease
Researchers have discovered a small RNA molecule that plays a key role in controlling cholesterol production and the development of heart disease. The molecule, tsRNA-Glu-CTC, was found to boost SREBP2 activity, leading to higher cholesterol levels and increased risk of atherosclerosis.
Polar bears may be adapting to survive warmer climates, says study
A new study found that rising temperatures are driving changes in polar bear DNA, which may help them adapt to increasingly challenging environments. The researchers discovered that genes related to heat-stress, aging, and metabolism are behaving differently in polar bears living in southeastern Greenland.
University of Maryland School of Medicine names distinguished scientist and academic leader Gerald M. Wilson, PhD, as Chair of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Gerald M. Wilson, PhD, joins UMSOM as Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, bringing expertise in RNA biochemistry and cancer mechanisms. He aims to strengthen departmental capabilities and foster collaboration to advance research, education, and service.
Multichannel 3D-printed bioactive scaffold combined with siRNA delivery for spinal cord injury recovery
Researchers developed an innovative treatment platform combining a multichannel 3D-printed bioactive scaffold with siRNA delivery for enhanced axon regeneration and improved motor function in spinal cord injury rats. The therapy addressed multiple pathological barriers, including insufficient intrinsic axonal regeneration, lack of dire...
RNA in action: Filming ribozyme self-assembly
Scientists capture unprecedented detail of a large RNA molecule assembling itself into a functional machine, overcoming kinetic traps. The research reveals the dynamic process, including subtle movements that prompt each domain to enter at precisely the right moment.
Novel discovery reveals how brain protein OTULIN controls tau expression and could transform Alzheimer's treatment
Researchers discovered that brain enzyme OTULIN regulates tau protein accumulation and has implications for treating neurodegenerative diseases. The study revealed OTULIN's role in controlling gene expression and RNA metabolism, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
RNA editing study finds many ways for neurons to diversify
Scientists have cataloged hundreds of target sites and widely varying editing rates for RNA editing in more than 200 individual cells of tonic and phasic motor neurons. The study found that most sites were edited at rates between extremes, and that some edits altered proteins involved in neural communication and function.
Apriori Bio and A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs Announce strategic partnership to advance next generation influenza vaccines
The partnership aims to co-develop and evaluate next-generation self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) vaccines targeting seasonal and pandemic influenza. Apriori's Octavia platform will be combined with A*STAR IDL's saRNA delivery technology to develop improved H5 influenza vaccines that anticipate infection in humans.
New clues reveal how gestational diabetes affects offspring
A new study led by Prof. Maayan Salton and Dr. Tal Schiller found that gestational diabetes alters the placenta's genetic messages, causing hundreds of errors in protein synthesis. The key protein SRSF10 appears to contribute to this process, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for mitigating its effects.
Simultaneous imaging of intracellular DNA and RNA using harmless light
Researchers have created a method for simultaneous imaging of DNA and RNA in living cells using harmless infrared light, allowing for high-precision detection of all stages of cell death. This breakthrough enables the early detection of cellular damage that leads to aging or death.
New drug target identified in fight against resistant infections
Researchers from the University of Edinburgh have identified a new mechanism of resistance to common antibiotics, targeting a special repair system possessed by certain bacteria. This discovery could aid efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance, one of the world's most urgent health challenges.
Stress hormones silence key brain genes through chromatin-bound RNAs, study reveals
Researchers have discovered that stress hormones can silence crucial neuronal genes by interacting with long noncoding RNAs and the polycomb repressive complex 2. This mechanism may provide a new understanding of how stress affects gene expression, particularly in relation to synaptic function and calcium signaling.
Advanced molecular dynamics simulations capture RNA folding with high accuracy
Advanced molecular dynamics simulations model complex RNA structures with high accuracy, enabling potential applications in RNA-based therapies and drug design. The study successfully simulated the folding of diverse RNA stem loops, revealing a distinct folding pathway for challenging motifs.