Researchers found that squalene-based adjuvants activate distinct pathways for vaccine protection and reactogenicity, including the role of IL-1β in enhancing efficacy and IL-1α in triggering local swelling. The study's findings could lead to safer vaccine design by targeting specific immune mechanisms.
Researchers have discovered that actin forms wavefronts around the synapse centre, actively transporting TCR microclusters towards the cell edge. This process rescues TCRs from endocytosis and enables T cells to bind to multiple APCs in succession.
Researchers investigated how two CAR T cells kill cancer with distinct signaling domains. CD28.ζ-CAR molecules work quickly and efficiently, while 4-1BB.ζ-CAR molecules linger in lipid rafts for sustained collaborative killing of tumor cells. This study aims to design CAR molecules maximizing antitumor activity beyond B cell malignancies.
Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem developed a Bayesian metamodeling technique to analyze T-cell activation, revealing intricate patterns in early signaling. The study sheds light on the molecular processes behind T-cell activation and has implications for improving treatments for various diseases.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital developed a new design for chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) by adding a molecular anchor, increasing the anti-cancer activity of cellular immunotherapies in cancer models. The anchored CARs improved cancer killing and survival rates in animal models of multiple tumor types.
Researchers at UNSW Sydney discovered that T cells use mechanical forces to propel lytic granules towards cancer cell membranes. The study found that the shape of the target membrane plays a crucial role in T cell-mediated cancer cell killing, with a bias towards outwardly curved membranes.
Dendritic cells, key immune responders, can reprogram their genes to enhance immune response by changing epigenetic marks on DNA. This new mechanism could lead to improved vaccination and immunotherapy strategies.
Researchers at Temple University Health System aim to understand immunological synapse formation and its impact on T-cell activation. They will focus on the role of molecules like STIM1 and septins in shaping immune responses.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute have identified a previously unknown molecular interaction between protein kinase C theta and CD28 that is essential for T lymphocyte activation. This discovery opens up a novel therapeutic avenue for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis by blocking the cellular inter...
A new microscope technology allows scientists to see individual elements in immune cells, including protein filaments and granules that destroy infected cells. The study reveals that these granules pass through openings in the cell skeleton to reach their targets.
Researchers identified a bull's eye-shaped structure between white blood cells that enhances sensitivity to antigens but cuts off signaling beyond a threshold, preventing T-cell death. This adaptive control device enables the immune system to respond to signs of infection over a wide range of magnitudes.
Researchers discover that the immune synapse theory suggests the synapse is linked to both activating and deactivating T cells, with its ability to amplify signals also shutting down messages in later stages. The findings confirm key concepts in the immune synapse theory.
Researchers used imaging to 'movie' the interaction between a T cell and an antigen-presenting cell, revealing specific protein rearrangements that form an immunological synapse. This structure determines whether a T cell will respond to an antigen.