Articles tagged with Macrophages
Researchers have identified distinct macrophage-associated tissue neighborhoods linked to fibrotic remodeling, inflammatory injury, and alveolar regions in severe COVID-19 lungs. The study provides a detailed view of how immune and structural cells are arranged within severely damaged lungs.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center have developed nanoparticles that can selectively eliminate a small population of immune cells found to drive fibrosis, potentially paving the way for new approaches against immunotherapy-resistant tumors and fibrotic diseases. The approach could make immunotherapy work for more pat...
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have discovered how SARS-CoV-2 protein ORF8 hijacks immune cells to cause hyperinflammation, leading to severe lung damage. Blocking ORF8 reduces lung inflammation and damage in mice infected with SARS-CoV-2, offering a promising new path for developing treatments.
A new study published in Aging reveals that a mutation affecting the immune and metabolic regulator SHP-1 reshapes liver function during aging, showing improved glucose metabolism can coexist with immune-cell accumulation and liver fibrosis. The findings separate liver inflammation and fibrosis from insulin resistance, obesity and lipi...
A new strategy has been developed to help macrophages stay active inside tumors. Tiny patches are attached to macrophages, which break down and release zinc ions to activate the immune system. This approach combines immune-cell reprogramming with tumor-environment remodeling, helping macrophages regain anti-tumor activity.
Researchers developed small molecules that activate macrophages to attack cancer cells, weakening the tumor's defenses against the immune system. The molecules, called Phagocytic Synapse Enhancers, were tested in cell cultures and animal models and showed promising results, slowing tumor growth and extending survival.
Researchers found that energy-demanding tissues have larger macrophage crews to manage waste, with the number of macrophages tracking mitochondrial activity and waste production. This system is critical for tissue health and function, and may help preserve tissue function as we age.
Researchers from Fudan University developed a strategy to achieve efficient engraftment of macrophages in peripheral organs using Mr BMT, a technique that replaces microglia in the CNS. The study shows that Mr BMT preserves tissue homeostasis and innate immune response, with durable macrophage replacement lasting at least 9 months.
Researchers have identified a naturally occurring gut molecule that strengthens chickens' immune response against bacterial infections. The compound, sodium butyrate, reprograms chicken immune cells to fight diseases without causing inflammation.
Researchers found that dexamethasone reduces infection-driven macrophage metabolic activity and lowers inflammatory signals, preserving the immune system's ability to control the infection. This study suggests a new approach for managing nontuberculous mycobacterial disease.
Researchers identified a protective subtype of microglia that expands as Alzheimer's disease progresses, playing a key role in clearing harmful material from the brain. The study provides insights into how the brain's immune cells change across the lifespan and throughout Alzheimer's disease, paving the way for therapies that strengthe...
Researchers discovered that immunosuppressed patients with non-melanoma skin cancer have macrophages that fail to communicate effectively, leading to tumor progression. The study's findings suggest that boosting the functionality of these immune cells may lead to new treatment opportunities for these patients.
Researchers found the nucleocapsid protein amplifies inflammatory pathways in macrophages, fueling tissue-damaging immune responses. The study suggests a possible mechanism for cardiac injury seen in severe COVID-19 cases and points to targeted treatments
A study by the University of Bonn and the Doherty Institute found that malaria infection permanently damages resident CD163 macrophages in the spleen, impairing their ability to recycle iron and communicate with other cells. This damage can lead to increased severity of future infections and worsened prognosis.
Researchers discovered how breast tumors recruit immune cells to attract nerves that support tumor growth and treatment resistance. Blocking nerve growth may boost the immune response to fight cancer.
A research team led by Iowa State University's Raquel Espin Palazon identified two essential components — a pervasive protein and a crucial cellular signaling pathway — needed to make some types of blood cells. Adding these components to leukemia cells could potentially lead to new treatment options.
Researchers at Nagoya University discovered that complement C3 protein acts inside tumors to prevent immunosuppressive cells, improving cancer immunotherapy effectiveness. Higher levels of C3 in tumor tissue were associated with better treatment outcomes and survival rates in patients.
Researchers have identified SAILR, a long non-coding RNA, as a key regulator of macrophage survival. In the presence of pathogens, SAILR is rapidly silenced, leading to macrophage death and increased bacterial replication. This discovery could lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for severe infections and inflammation.
Researchers identified a key driver of liver fibrosis progression: FSP1+ macrophages that activate PGK1 through lactylation. This self-reinforcing loop amplifies glycolytic signaling, promoting liver fibrosis. A cell penetrating peptide targeting PGK1 lactylation blocks fibrosis progression in preclinical models.
A new study reveals that macrophages, a key immune cell type, age differently across tissues and between sexes. The researchers found that aging macrophages become more focused on responding to stress and cellular damage, but lose some molecular programs involved in maintaining healthy tissue structure.
Researchers developed antifungal nanoparticles from human immune cells that target Candida albicans, reducing fungal growth and improving survival rates in mice. The nanodiscs physically damage fungal cells and boost the body's natural immune defenses.
A new review reveals adaptor proteins play a crucial role in regulating the behavior of tumor-associated macrophages in cancer. These molecular scaffolds coordinate signaling pathways that determine whether macrophages adopt anti-tumor or pro-tumor phenotypes, influencing immune responses within the tumor microenvironment.
Researchers identified a previously unrecognized immune system pathway that connects cigarette smoking to cardiovascular disease. Cigarette smoke activates immune cells, triggering widespread inflammation throughout the body and accelerating plaque buildup in arteries.
Researchers from Kyushu University discovered that the circadian clock protein BMAL1 drives macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory M1 state by activating inflammatory signaling pathways. This mechanism links the body clock to intracellular metabolism and immune function, offering new insights into treating inflammatory diseases.
Researchers have made major steps toward solving the mystery of how brain aneurysms form by identifying key cell types and genetic pathways involved. The study's findings provide new insights into a clinical paradox: smaller aneurysms can still rupture, and offer opportunities for early intervention to prevent ruptures.
A University of Minnesota Medical School research team led by Dr. Monica Campo is studying early immune responses in lung cells and their impact on tuberculosis infection outcomes.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University has reconstructed the family tree of blood cells over a 700-million-year span, revealing their evolutionary history. They found that early blood cells emerged around the same time as multicellular animals and were macrophage-like.
Scientists at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research captured 'housekeeping' immune cells actively attacking and engulfing live melanoma cells. These macrophages patrol the edges of melanoma tumours, steadily engulfing cancer cells and slowing tumour growth. The discovery has big implications for immunotherapy.
Researchers developed a 13-gene panel and machine learning model to predict TNBC patient responses to chemotherapy, identifying macrophage subtypes associated with treatment outcomes. The study provides novel insights into the gene-expression programs and tumor microenvironment of early-stage triple-negative breast cancer.
Researchers found that increases in macrophage cell volume reprogram gene expression and induce inflammation. Cell swelling also triggers an enhanced antiviral response in infected cells.
Scientists created hybrid macrophages that can simultaneously promote blood vessel and bone growth, potentially improving outcomes for patients with bone fractures. The discovery could lead to new cell-derived therapies that speed up recovery and improve healing.
Researchers identify senescent macrophages as a driver of fatty liver disease, inflammation and aging. Clearing these cells reversed liver damage in mice on unhealthy diets.
Researchers found that clonal hematopoiesis accelerates aortic aneurysm progression and that commonly used osteoporosis drugs can slow or halt this process. The study identified a key mechanism by which macrophages contribute to extracellular matrix degradation, providing a potential non-surgical approach for treating aortic aneurysms.
Research reveals inflammation in the GI tract changes how nerves are arranged, affecting intestinal muscle contractions. A protective stress response pathway helps neurons survive, preserving their structure and potentially offering a way to curtail persistent symptoms associated with IBD.
A study published by HKUMed found that Resmetirom, a drug approved for treating metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, demonstrates potential in preventing and suppressing liver cancer caused by fatty liver disease. The treatment also reduces liver fat, improves metabolic health, and modulates the tumour microenvironment.
Blocking two key 'don't eat me signals' in cancer cells heightens the immune response and sensitizes tumors to immunotherapy in glioblastoma models. Researchers found that simultaneously blocking CD47 and CD24 improved immunotherapy response, allowing macrophages to better recognize and attack cancer cells.
Recent research from the University of Eastern Finland reveals that pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages accelerate melanoma progression through extracellular vesicle secretion. These vesicles contain inflammatory mediators that activate cancer cells, creating a favourable environment for tumour growth and invasiveness.
A universal 'instruction manual' helps immune cells protect our organs by identifying MafB, a key genetic regulator that enables macrophages to reach full maturity and preserve organ health. This discovery sheds light on how the immune system sustainably protects multiple organs from chronic diseases.
Researchers found that mice without the ANGPTL4 gene were protected from intestinal inflammation and colon tumors due to altered macrophage behavior. The study suggests that early-life inflammatory events can shape long-term immune programming, providing resistance to future challenges.
Researchers found that macrophages retain memories of previous infections due to persistent signaling molecules left behind, which can be reversed by blocking cytokine signaling pathways. This discovery suggests new ways to reduce the activity of misprogrammed macrophages contributing to autoimmune diseases.
Researchers discovered that pairing familiar plant-derived compounds can suppress inflammatory signals more effectively than using each compound independently. The study found that certain combinations increased the anti-inflammatory effect several hundred-fold compared to single ingredients alone.
Cancer cell researchers at the University of Oklahoma have developed a novel 'triangle regulation theory' that explains the development of cancer-induced cachexia and anorexia. The theory reveals how cancer cells recruit immune cells to trigger excess production of growth factor 15, leading to muscle wasting and loss of appetite.
Researchers at UNC-Chapel Hill discovered that chronic inflammation fundamentally alters macrophages, immune cells that drive both inflammation and tissue repair. Chronic inflammation triggers a breakdown in the ability of macrophages to adapt, trapping them in dysfunctional hybrid states.
Researchers developed new chemical probes to track individual enzymes, enabling direct measurement of protein activity and correcting prior limitations. This allows for a clearer picture of molecular logic in cells undergoing programmed cell death, potentially informing drug discovery.
A new study reveals how Parkinson's spreads from the gut to the brain via immune cells, identifying a key role for gut macrophages in transporting toxic proteins. Reducing these cells can slow disease progression and improve motor symptoms in mice.
Researchers found that PDK4 promotes M1 macrophage polarization, leading to increased inflammation and tissue injury in ACLF. Targeting PDK4 may be a promising strategy to attenuate inflammation and improve clinical outcomes.
Researchers at University of Tsukuba discovered a regulatory small RNA, AdiZ, that directly negatively regulates genes involved in glucose uptake and glycolysis. This induction facilitates Salmonella's survival within macrophages by coupling acid resistance to metabolic reprogramming.
Boston College researchers used piezoelectric nanoparticles to trigger macrophages, a key part of the body's immune response. The study suggests that this method could be used to activate immune cells specifically at an infection or tumor site, avoiding side effects associated with systemic administration of drugs.
Researchers have discovered that feline infectious peritonitis virus infects a broader range of immune cells, including B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. The findings suggest that the virus can persist in these cells even after treatment, potentially leading to long-term immune problems.
A study published in PNAS reveals that peripheral neuropathy can reduce macrophage immune cells' ability to clear dead cells through efferocytosis, leading to chronic pain. Restoring this process may offer a new therapeutic strategy to prevent inflammatory signaling and improve nerve repair.
Two studies reveal that insufficient glutamine in macrophages drives atherosclerosis progression. Researchers identified new ways to detect high-risk plaques using protein markers like TREM2 and SLC7A7, which could lead to PET imaging and blood tests for early detection.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School identified a key protein called GDF3 that drives inflammatory responses in older adults. The study showed that GDF3 signals through SMAD2/3, inducing permanent changes in the genome and increasing inflammatory cytokines.
Researchers have developed a novel nanomedicine, mPEG@ELA-11, which demonstrates significant potential in treating atherosclerosis by suppressing macrophage foam cell formation and inflammation. The study found that mPEG@ELA-11 reduces atherosclerotic plaque area and necrotic core size compared to free ELA-11.
A new study developed an antibody that blocks several ways TNBC cells survive, grow, and evade the immune system. The antibody suppressed primary tumor growth and reenergized cancer-fighting immune cells, including T-cells and macrophages, in preclinical models.
Muscle stem cells secrete c1qtnf3, which redirects macrophages from immune to regenerative functions, promoting tadpole tail regeneration. This discovery offers insights into the regenerative capabilities of certain animals and paves the way for further research into potential applications in mammals.
Researchers at UC Riverside and City of Hope have developed a novel Pin1 degrading compound that suppresses pancreatic cancer peritoneal metastases. The treatment targets not only cancer cells but also tumor-supporting cells, potentially overcoming treatment resistance.
Arctigenin, a monomer of Fructus Arctii, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity and prevents MASH progression through modulating the NLRP3/GSDMD-N axis in macrophages. ATG administration also reduces hepatic macrophage infiltration, serum enzyme levels, and lipid peroxidation while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity.
A groundbreaking study in The American Journal of Pathology reveals a perineural pathway that enables HIV-infected immune cells to redistribute throughout the body, sustaining inflammation. The findings highlight the importance of the connection between the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system in immunity.
Researchers identified C-C chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) as a key player in kidney injury and repair, with the molecule behaving both protectively and harmfully. The study suggests future drugs could target only its damaging effects, paving the way for more precise treatments for chronic kidney disease.
Researchers developed innovative 3D dynamic cell co-culture models to simulate MASLD progression stages, addressing traditional 2D culture limitations. Pro-inflammatory macrophages were identified as drivers of hepatocyte lipid metabolism disruption.