Articles tagged with Macrophages
Scientists at UC Riverside and UCLA have engineered nanoparticles to serve as 'molecular traps' that bind to SARS-CoV-2, preventing it from attacking macrophages and inducing inflammation. The findings suggest potential therapeutic strategies for treating COVID-19-associated diseases.
Researchers found that macrophages feed on lactic acid produced by cancer cells, paralyzing killer immune cells and weakening tumour immunity. This discovery highlights the need to curb lactic acid production in tumours to improve immunotherapy outcomes.
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology found that macrophages in artery walls can sense octanal, leading to inflammation and atherosclerosis. By blocking this detection, they reversed disease progression. Further research is needed to explore the role of olfactory receptors in cardiovascular diseases.
Researchers from Karolinska Institutet have discovered that lung macrophages develop in two different ways, with fetal precursor cells dividing faster to remove microorganisms early on. The study's findings can help limit organ damage and promote new treatments for lung diseases.
A study reveals a powerful subset of vascular macrophages expressing CLEC4A2 fosters 'good' macrophage behavior, limiting plaque build-up. This discovery challenges the widely held belief that macrophages only play a harmful role in cardiovascular disease.
The first-in-human trial of CAR-M cell therapy demonstrated that engineered macrophages can target and alter the solid tumor microenvironment, altering the composition of myeloid cells and T-cells. This innovative immunotherapy offers a promising new strategy in the fight against cancer.
A study by Kanazawa University researchers found that the chemokine CCL3 plays a significant role in inducing inflammation as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease develops. The presence of CCL3 increased liver macrophage accumulation, leading to liver inflammation and scarring.
Researchers discovered that wound macrophages undergo different metabolic programs to coordinate tissue repair, including the use of reactive oxygen radicals for blood vessel growth. Macrophages also utilize a different type of mitochondrial exchange for anti-inflammatory and reparative functions in late-stage wound healing.
Researchers found that macrophages play a central role in COVID-19-related respiratory failure, leading to fibroproliferative ARDS and prolonged ventilation. Extensive tissue damage and scar tissue formation are characteristic of severe lung failure.
Researchers at Saarland University have discovered that the lipid and cholesterol metabolism of immune cells collaborating with tumour cells is severely compromised compared to tumour tissue. This finding suggests a possible explanation for why cholesterol-lowering drugs are ineffective against non-small-cell lung carcinoma.
New research from RCSI shows that an irregular body clock can drive inflammation in the body's immune cells, leading to chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes. Macrophages without a body clock take up more glucose and produce inflammatory products.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham discovered the mechanism of secretion and trafficking of Mycobacterium tuberculosis' toxin TNT, which kills over 1 million people annually. The ESX-4 type VII secretion system plays a crucial role in transporting TNT across cell membranes.
Researchers found that antihistamines improve responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients, particularly those with pre-existing allergies or high plasma histamine levels. The study suggests targeting the histamine receptor HRH1 may be a useful treatment approach.
Cleveland Clinic researchers found that verubecestat, an Alzheimer's disease treatment, reduces glioblastoma progression by reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages into tumor-suppressing macrophages. This transformation leads to increased phagocytosis of tumor cells and reduced tumor growth.
A recent study by James Godwin, Ph.D. has identified the liver as a primary reservoir for pro-regenerative macrophages essential to limb regeneration in axolotls. The research paves the way for regenerative medicine therapies in humans, potentially treating diseases like heart and lung disease with scar-free healing.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have created nanoparticles that can target and kill deadly bacteria hiding in human cells. The breakthrough could lead to a new treatment method using injectable or inhalation-based antibiotic-laden capsules, potentially saving thousands of lives annually.
A new study led by University of Minnesota Medical School researcher Xavier Revelo found that macrophages play a role in protecting the heart after injury. The research team discovered a large increase in cardiac macrophages early in response to a cardiac injury similar to high blood pressure.
Researchers discovered that altering macrophage metabolism helps prevent overloading and resolves inflammation by protecting mitochondria from strain. This process enables efficient removal of damaged cells, a key factor in resolving inflammation.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers has identified specific drugs that can selectively block the polarization of M2-type macrophages, which exacerbate diseases such as wet age-related macular degeneration. The findings suggest that these drugs could be repurposed for new therapies to influence disease outcomes.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have identified a new molecule called 4-OI that can limit the production of prostaglandins from macrophages. This discovery could lead to the development of new anti-inflammatory compounds for treating diseases such as COVID-19 and sleeping sickness.
Researchers identified a pattern that links the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) proteins with a reduction of serotonin, which may help predict who will develop late-life depression. The study found that individuals expressing this pattern had more severe depressive symptoms.
A recent study published in Frontiers in Immunology found that opioids can control gut immune responses, reduce colonic inflammation, and even promote the growth of regulatory T cells. The findings suggest that KNT-127 could be a promising therapeutic option for inflammatory bowel disease.
Scientists at Hokkaido University have developed a lipid nanoparticle that delivers immune-signaling molecules into liver macrophage cells to overcome resistance to anti-tumor immunotherapy. This approach has shown promise in mice experiments and could lead to the development of an adjuvant treatment for cancer patients.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have identified a new antibacterial mechanism where immune cells cooperate to capture and 'eat' bacteria. This cooperation enhances the killing power of macrophages, increasing phagocytosis of bacterial pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant staph
Researchers have found that blocking DHPS, an enzyme necessary for activating elF5A, can reduce inflammation and improve glucose control in mice. The study suggests macrophages play a key role in inflammation in obesity, and targeting this pathway may be a promising approach to treating the condition.
Studies on mice and septic patients show that a specific B lymphocyte subpopulation produces large amounts of CD39, leading to increased adenosine levels and reduced macrophage activity. This results in heightened susceptibility to opportunistic infections, with survivors experiencing a sevenfold higher risk of severe infections.
Researchers reverse lung fibrosis in a mouse model using Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-199, suggesting a novel therapeutic target to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The study finds that monocyte-derived macrophages play a key role in fibrosis progression and that targeting the Cpt1a-Bcl-2 interaction modulates apoptosis resistance.
A new study reveals that high-grade gliomas in dogs contain more immune cells associated with suppressing immune response than low-grade gliomas. The findings suggest that these brain tumors may recruit cells to aid in immunosuppression, which could lead to improved immunotherapies for both humans and dogs.
A study conducted at a Brazilian university found that treatment with curcumin and light reduces parasite load and eliminates Leishmania parasites completely. Curcumin showed good distribution in macrophages and reduced amastigotes' viability, changing their mitochondrial activity.
Researchers found that the drug Vismodegib altered tumor-associated macrophage metabolism, shifting them from immunosuppressive M2 macrophages to pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages. This shift led to a decrease in tumor-promoting properties and improved immune response.
Scientists investigated a method to enhance immunotherapy for lung cancer and found that combining it with certain chemotherapy drugs could eliminate harmful immune cells. This approach showed promising results in preclinical studies, inducing the regression of about 70% of tumors.
Researchers identified that macrophages from different types of monocytes respond to inflammation in opposing ways, with CD14+monocytes being more prone to a pro-inflammatory response. This could lead to targeted activation of macrophages for cancer treatment by choosing the most suitable monocyte subset.
Researchers have discovered a key molecular mechanism underlying immune cell training, which determines whether cells respond aggressively to threats. By understanding this process, doctors may be able to 'hack' the immune system to strengthen it and prevent autoimmunity.
Researchers found a large number of macrophages migrate to the liver after resection, influencing cell growth and metabolism. The study revealed essential roles of macrophages in mouse liver recovery from massive resections.
Researchers at Texas Biomedical Research Institute are receiving NIH funding to investigate the precise mechanisms of Ebola virus infection, including its ability to hijack immune cells called macrophages. The study aims to understand how the virus spreads in the body and potentially develops targeted treatments.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital discovered that early-stage lung cancer tumors hijack immune cells called tissue-resident macrophages to facilitate their invasion of lung tissue. This process allows the tumor to evade the immune system and grow into more deadly stages of cancer.
A study published in Cancer Cell found that cavity-resident macrophages express high levels of Tim-4, which interacts with CD8+ T cells, distracting them from attacking tumors. Blocking Tim-4 enhances the effectiveness of immunotherapies and improves outcomes in mouse models of cancer.
Researchers have discovered that depleting macrophages in tumors activates tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells, eliminating large, RT-resistant colorectal and pancreatic cancers. SIRPalpha-depletion transforms the tumor microenvironment into a potent tumoricidal niche.
A study using a mouse model of eccentric contraction revealed that icing injured muscles delays muscle regeneration. The phenomenon is linked to pro-inflammatory macrophages' ability to infiltrate damaged cells, delaying the healing process.
Researchers at UCLA have identified six signaling codons that specific immune cells use to call up immune defense genes. These codon-words can lead to incorrect gene activation and cause autoimmune diseases like Sjögren's syndrome, which is found when the body mistakenly attacks itself.
Researchers at Uppsala University have discovered that macrophages, a common immune cell, play a crucial role in re-establishing blood flow in damaged tissue. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments for cardiovascular diseases by increasing local concentrations of signal substances in damaged muscles.
Research from Queen Mary University of London reveals that chemotherapy activates immune cells within the tumor microenvironment to fight against cancer. Macrophages switched from pro-tumour to anti-tumour mode after chemotherapy, stimulating patient's immune response and potentially improving survival outcomes.
Researchers found a link between citrullinated vimentin, produced by lung macrophages in response to environmental pollutants, and the development of lung fibrosis. The study suggests that targeting PAD2 enzyme could attenuate cadmium/carbon black-induced fibrosis.
Researchers discovered a new protein, Prosaposin, that plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis. The protein has an anti-inflammatory effect, which helps slow down the disease progression.
A high-fat diet is associated with increased risk of late-onset colorectal cancer, particularly in obese female mice. The study reveals that excess body weight leads to tumor growth through inflammation, insulin-like growth factor release, and polarization of macrophages.
Researchers at University of Calgary and University of Bern discovered that macrophages, a type of white blood cell, rush to surgical sites and cause excess scarring. Two methods to inhibit this natural response were found: removing macrophages or introducing a drug to block their stickiness.
Adhesions form after inflammation or surgery and can lead to chronic pain, digestive problems, infertility, and life-threatening consequences. Researchers have discovered that macrophages play a key role in their development and have developed a new imaging system to visualize them.
Scientists have identified a new cell type, MRC1+ macrophages, involved in chronic pain and inflammation. Stimulating the expression of an anti-inflammatory protein CD163 can reduce neuroinflammation and relieve neuropathic pain.
Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) treatment may improve recovery from intracerebral hemorrhage, the deadliest type of stroke. RIC reduces inflammation and promotes new blood vessel growth, accelerating functional recovery.
Researchers discovered that Niemann-Pick type C disease is associated with neuroinflammation and impaired intracellular lipid transport, leading to the accumulation of lipids in the brain. The findings suggest a potential new approach for monitoring disease progression and response to therapy.
The study found that LXR activation inhibits the production of chemokines Ccl17 and Ccl22, which recruit regulatory T lymphocytes to the tumor microenvironment. This leads to a decrease in Treg numbers and slower tumor growth.
Researchers at Monash University have discovered a factor that triggers muscle stem cells to proliferate and heal, leading to the complete regeneration of muscle and normal movement. The protein, NAMPT, was found to stimulate muscle growth by 'cuddling' muscle stem cells, effectively replacing damaged tissue.
Researchers at KU Leuven and Seoul National University create method to stimulate immune system cells to repair damaged tissues, offering new potential treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. The technique involves targeting specific macrophage cells with liposomes containing a substance that triggers tissue regeneration.
Researchers identified GAPLINC, a long noncoding RNA that regulates inflammatory gene expression and protects mice from septic shock. The study found that reducing GAPLINC levels enhanced inflammatory responses, but unexpectedly, this effect also protected mice from endotoxic shock.
A Stanford study reveals that chronic inflammation driven by myeloid cells is the main driver of brain aging. The researchers found that blocking a specific hormone-receptor interaction in these cells can restore youthful metabolism and calm down inflammation, potentially reversing age-related cognitive decline.
The EGR1 transcription factor inhibits expression of pro-inflammatory genes in macrophages, blunting their activation and the immune response. This discovery sheds light on the fundamental process of macrophage maturation, which is critical for inflammation.
Research reveals that macrophages, key immune cells, respond to pathogens and stress through circadian-controlled metabolism. The study showed an incredible amount of circadian timing in macrophage behavior, but the clock regulated immunity in unexpected ways.
New research from Karolinska Institutet reveals the development of lung macrophages, immune cells that can protect or harm lungs. Classical monocytes migrate into airways and lung tissue, becoming protective macrophages, while non-classical monocytes develop into pro-inflammatory macrophages.
A recent study found that macrophages play a crucial role in suppressing the effectiveness of PARP inhibitor therapy in breast cancer patients. The researchers identified CSF-1R-positive macrophages as the key suppressive cells, which can be targeted to enhance anti-tumor responses.
Researchers identified MAARS, a lncRNA expressed specifically in macrophages of atherosclerotic plaques, contributing to disease progression. Targeted interruption of MAARS's function reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation by 52%.