Articles tagged with Bacterial Pathogens
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A new next-generation sequencing technique using real-time nanopore sequencing can analyze tiny amounts of microbial cell-free DNA, offering accurate diagnosis of sepsis-causing agents within hours. The technique achieved a 3.5-fold increase in sequencing throughput and allowed for pathogen identification within minutes.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have discovered a previously unknown response to indole in the beneficial gut bacteria E. coli, which seems to both repel and attract bacteria. The Janus response displays sophistication and could lead to a better understanding of the complexities of the gut microbiome.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health discovered a cell defense mechanism that uses tiny, protein-coated packages called exosomes to bind to and neutralize bacterial toxins. This 'soaking up' of toxins helps keep cells safe from infection.
The Pangaia project at Bielefeld University is developing new algorithms to analyze genomic data for biomedicine, enabling faster detection of infectious strains and hereditary diseases. Researchers can compare a single genome with thousands of others in a single step, highlighting similarities and differences.
Researchers identified how Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis promote skin inflammation and barrier damage in Netherton syndrome. The study provides a detailed genomic description of the skin microbiome and offers a potential new treatment target by targeting the microbiome.
Researchers discover potential superbug-killing compound AB569 that targets priority pathogens and additional bacteria causing foodborne illness. The compound has shown promising results in treating a wide range of infections, including those caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
A crowd-sourced study found that people who floss regularly have lower microbial diversity in their mouths than non-flossers, and adults with recent dental visits have less of the periodontal disease-causing oral pathogen. The study also uncovered a possible link between childhood obesity and periodontal disease.
Researchers at Temple University Health System have developed a new monoclonal antibody that can break apart communities of harmful bacteria, allowing for more effective treatment of infections. The therapy has shown promise in eradicating biofilms on medical devices and reducing the risk of sepsis.
Scientists develop a new model to predict bacterial resistance to antibiotics and explore approaches for universal flu vaccines. Researchers also create a platform to accelerate drug development and study the impact of antibiotics on gut bacteria.
Researchers are developing new algorithms to quickly compare genetic data from viruses, bacteria, and other organisms to identify pathogenic genes. This project, Pangaia, aims to make computer-assisted pangenomics faster and more user-friendly for biomedicine applications.
University of Queensland researchers have discovered 23 metal compounds with antibacterial and antifungal activity, selectively killing bacteria like MRSA but not human cells. The findings offer promise for outwitting bacterial resistance, as the new compounds may use different mechanisms than existing antibiotics.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a non-psychoactive cannabinoid called CBG that shows promising antibacterial activity against drug-resistant MRSA. The study found that CBG prevents the ability of bacteria to form biofilms and destroys preformed biofilms, targeting the cell membrane of the bacteria.
A recent study published in Nature found that CRISPR anti-viral immunity is often a disadvantage to bacteria when infected by certain viruses. The research suggests that triggering the powerful defense systems can be risky for a bacterium, leading to significant implications for treatment design.
Researchers have identified a crucial role for the typhoid toxin protein in delivering toxins to host immune cells and disrupting their function. The study's findings suggest that targeting specific sugars on immune cells could prevent the bacteria from entering and infecting them, paving the way for new treatment options.
Researchers develop effective treatment for antibiotic-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. The novel therapy, AB569, kills the bacteria by targeting multiple processes, offering hope against superbug infections.
Researchers identified a blueprint for plant immunity against rapidly evolving disease-causing pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. They found that nearly all strains of certain crops carry immune-eliciting effectors, which can be recognized by plant immune receptors.
Researchers developed AB569, a combination of acidified nitrite and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, which killed Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The agent was found to be nontoxic to human cells at bactericidal concentrations, suggesting a potential therapeutic agent for ...
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a way to apply genetic sequencing technologies to identify plant pathogens, down to the strain level. This new approach uses an Oxford Nanopore Sequencing MinION device and computer algorithms to quickly and precisely diagnose diseases in crops.
Recent publications provide insights into FMT research, emphasizing the need for rigorous clinical trials to demonstrate safety and effectiveness. Researchers are evaluating different preparations of FMT and manufacturers are developing products for licensure.
Scientists have uncovered a crucial role of mucosal antibodies, specifically IgT, in regulating the microbiome and defending against pathogens in fish. By manipulating the immune system of rainbow trout, researchers found that IgT plays two paradoxical roles: reducing bad microbes while promoting beneficial bacteria.
UMass Lowell researchers develop germ-killing fabric with N-halamine, reducing risk of drug-resistant bacteria and hospital-acquired infections. The fabric can be recharged through bleach washing, extending its effectiveness.
A signaling molecule, c-di-GMP, initiates a clock-like mechanism in bacteria that determines individual reproduction. The molecule activates enzymes called kinases, which prepare the cell for division under favorable living conditions.
Geneticist Bonnie Bassler received the $500,000 Gruber Genetics Prize for her pioneering research on quorum sensing, a process by which bacteria communicate using molecular languages. Her discoveries have expanded our understanding of the microbial world and opened up new approaches to promoting health and preventing disease.
A team from JMU will investigate new antibiotics that can be used to treat specific types of bacteria, using digital methods for designing RNA antibiotics. The aim is to create a powerful digital platform for the future application of RNA-based antibiotics against various bacteria.
Researchers at UC San Diego created transgenic fruit flies to study the effects of CDTa toxin on host cells, revealing a collapse of networks essential for nutrient absorption. The fly model mimics symptoms in human C. difficile-infected patients, offering a potential avenue for novel therapies.
Marine bacteria colonize microplastics, using them as artificial reefs, while some diatoms exhibit a preference for specific plastic types. Microplastics may serve as vehicles for toxic organisms, affecting marine life.
Trained dogs can identify infected trees within two weeks of inoculation and distinguish the citrus greening pathogen from other pathogens. This method is more efficient than currently USDA-approved methods, such as PCR tests, which detect less than 3% of infections.
A recent study has trained dogs to detect citrus crops infected by the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) via smell. The canines achieved detection rates of over 99% accuracy, outperforming conventional methods in simulating disease control scenarios.
A recent study published in Biological Reviews found no conclusive link between wild birds and human illness involving E. coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter. The researchers highlighted the need for more definitive research to determine the risks of bird populations on food safety before taking action.
Scientists have developed a self-propelled chemical trap to corner and destroy pathogens in body fluids, reducing the need for antibiotics. The device uses a magnesium metal engine propelled by hydrogen bubbles, trapping bacteria with an acid-soluble polymer cage that releases a toxin to kill them.
Scientists develop genetically engineered bacteria to target Varroa mites and deformed wing virus, increasing survival rates by up to 70%. The approach could one day scale up for agricultural use, improving bee health and food production.
Researchers found that at least 25% of antibiotic-resistant pathogens are capable of spreading their resistance genes directly to other bacteria. The study, which used a new high-throughput method, showed that antibiotics do not significantly affect the rate of gene transfer between bacteria.
Cornell University researchers found that wild tomato varieties are less affected by bacterial canker, with the pathogen remaining confined to specific xylem vessels. The team's study confirms that wild tomatoes are susceptible to bacterial canker, but with less severe symptoms than cultivated varieties.
A Northwestern University study found that indoor dust bacteria can transfer antibiotic resistance genes, potentially making infections more difficult to treat. The researchers believe this could lead to the spread of resistant pathogens, highlighting the need for increased caution in managing indoor environments.
A new study reveals that two proteins, MreB and CcmA, work together to balance cell-wall synthesis on opposite sides of the curvy-shaped bacterium, maintaining its helical shape. Disrupting this balance could lead to the development of more targeted antibiotics to prevent H. pylori infections.
Researchers identified a highly competitive bacterium in the gut microbiota that protects against enteric pathogens. This discovery offers new avenues for developing antibiotic-free treatments.
A new composite film made with an antimicrobial layer has shown promise in reducing the growth of harmful bacteria on packaged meat and fish products. The film, which contains a biopolymer called pullulan and an antimicrobial compound called Lauric arginate, was found to be effective in killing pathogens such as Salmonella and E. coli.,
A team of scientists at Ruhr-University Bochum has uncovered the molecular mechanisms behind Yersinia pseudotuberculosis's ability to trigger an infection in humans. By analyzing RNA thermometers, which signal temperature changes, researchers found that deactivated thermometers render the bacteria unable to cause illness.
Researchers found compounds in commonly consumed foods trigger phage production, killing harmful bacteria and promoting beneficial bacteria growth. This 'landscape' approach has far-reaching implications for controlling harmful microbes and maintaining a healthy gut microbiome.
Recent research in Caenorhabditis elegans suggests that a moderately acidic digestive tract may actually make bacterial pathogens more potent. This finding could have significant implications for addressing antibiotic resistance worldwide.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have identified a key mechanism by which TB infects and manipulates macrophage cells, shutting down the host's natural response. By targeting microRNA-21, scientists may develop improved immunotherapies or vaccine strategies to combat TB infection.
A study by the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona has identified the regulation and metal uptake systems of Mycoplasma genitalium, a sexually transmitted pathogen responsible for genitourinary diseases. The discovery reveals strategies that bacteria use to acquire essential metals for survival, making them a promising therapeutic target.
Researchers have discovered a molecular switch that regulates inflammation in the stomach, triggered by H. Pylori bacteria. The 'switch' uses a previously unknown mechanism to control the infection, allowing it to evade the immune system and cause stomach diseases such as ulcers and cancer.
Scientists at Ohio State University have created a treatment for late-stage sepsis using nanotechnology to transform donated immune cells into a powerful antibacterial drug. The therapy demonstrated significant improvements in survival rates and bacteria clearance in mouse models of sepsis.
Certain bacteria, such as Shigella, use lipopolysaccharides to block caspases and prevent apoptosis, allowing them to multiply intracellularly. This strategy is essential for their survival and spread within the human body.
Researchers discovered that the human body uses a receptor to detect bacterial quorum sensing molecules, enabling it to react to differing stages of an infection. This allows the body to save energy by not reacting prematurely and prevents collateral damage caused by the immune system's response.
Researchers developed a new ELISpot blood test to diagnose bacterial infections, including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which can trigger skin and mucous membrane lesions in children. The test detects specific immune cells targeted against M. pneumoniae, allowing for more specific treatment and prognosis.
A host sensor called AhR helps the immune system respond to bacterial infections by detecting and adapting to quorum sensing signals. This allows for tailored defense mechanisms against highly resistant pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Researchers found that humidity and aspect of the tick's environment impact the types of bacteria carried by ticks. Borrelia afzelii is more common in humid slopes facing north, while Rickettsia species are prevalent on drier, steeper slopes.
A highly contagious intestinal bacteria, Shigellosis can cause 190 million cases of diarrhoea globally each year. In Victoria, a drug-resistant Shigella strain has emerged, making treatment with oral antibiotics impossible, requiring hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics instead.
Researchers have successfully replaced bacterial toxins with proteins in nano-syringes, enabling targeted delivery of drugs to specific body cells. The innovation aims to introduce drugs into cancer cells with minimal side effects.
A research team has identified essential proteins for archaeal motility and its structure, revealing a complex protein complex that enables archaella to swim. The discovery provides insights into the unique mechanism of archaeal movement, distinct from bacterial flagellum-based locomotion.
A recent study published in Respiratory Research found that vaping may have similar effects on harmful lung bacteria as smoking. Researchers compared the effects of cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor on four types of bacteria associated with smoking-related illnesses, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.
Macrophages change their metabolism drastically after coming into contact with bacteria, triggering an inflammatory response. This process involves the activation of Toll-like receptors, which leads to histone acetylation and changes in gene expression.
Researchers at Rice University and Texas A&M University developed molecular drills that target and kill antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The drills, which can be activated with light, increase the effectiveness of existing antibiotics, offering a potential solution to superbug infections.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed new computational and experimental tools to identify microbial small molecules encoded in clinical samples. This allows scientists to explore microbial-host interactions and mine the human microbiome for drug discovery, revealing potential antibiotics and insights into human-microbe in...
Researchers discovered that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia uses a secretion system to inject toxins into competing bacteria, eliminating them. The study also identified a key toxin molecule that can reduce bacterial replication rates.
Researchers have found a way to stimulate skin cells to secrete naturally occurring antibiotics called Antimicrobial Peptides, which target and kill bacteria. By modulating caspase-8 levels in the skin, AMP release can be controlled to prevent infections in diabetics and patients with weakened immune systems.
Researchers at UMSOM are testing a combined Shigella-ETEC vaccine to offer protection against diarrheal diseases, which cause millions of deaths worldwide. The vaccine has been developed with $4.5 million funding from Emergent BioSolutions.
The discovery of LiaX, a secret protein that alerts bacteria to antibiotic and immune system attacks, opens doors for future treatment options against antibiotic-resistant superbugs. The protein's activation causes restructuring of the bacterial cell, preventing antibiotics from destroying it.