Hyperspectral imaging speeds detection of Campylobacter
A new hyperspectral imaging technique allows for rapid detection of Campylobacter in food samples, reducing the time needed for isolation and identification from days to just 24 hours.
Bacterial Pathogens
Articles tagged with Bacterial Pathogens
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Waiting for the right moment
Pathogens such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae use a delayed entry strategy to survive in the human body, strengthening cellular skeletons and anchoring to cell surfaces. This new understanding may have exciting implications for preventing infection with various bacterial agents.
Waiting for the right moment: Bacterial pathogens delay their entry into cells
Researchers discovered a new strategy used by bacterial pathogens like Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Escherichia coli, which delay entry into cells to prolong extracellular existence and survive. This strategy involves triggering local strengthening of the cellular skeleton that resists pathogen entry.
Researchers: Cures to diseases may live in our guts
A team of researchers is studying the human gut microbiome to develop new interventions and treatments for food- and water-borne diseases. The study aims to understand how certain microbes protect against enteric diseases and identify potential therapeutic targets.
Stomach bacteria need vitamin to establish infection
Scientists have discovered that Helicobacter pylori needs vitamin B6 to cause and maintain stomach infections. Researchers used a mouse model to identify the importance of PdxA and PdxJ enzymes in bacterial pathogenesis, paving the way for novel antibiotic treatments.
MRSA policies differ among hospitals, study shows
Most hospitals surveyed have adopted hand-hygiene practices to prevent MRSA spread. The study found that nearly all hospitals review antimicrobial prescription orders to reduce bacterial resistance.
Studies pinpoint key targets for MRSA vaccine
Two studies identify key targets for a new MRSA vaccine, targeting protein A to evade the immune system and clotting factors to disrupt tissue-damaging mechanisms. This approach shows promise in reducing virulence and providing lasting immunity against drug-resistant staph infections.
Telltale signs of bioterror
Researchers at Rice University are developing a genomic test that can quickly determine whether a disease outbreak is caused by a natural pathogen or one engineered in a lab. By studying how bacteria evolve in the lab, they hope to find common patterns that indicate domestication.
Immune system overreaction may enable recurrent urinary tract infections
Severe inflammatory responses to initial UTI damage bladder walls and allow infection to persist longer. Suppressing immune system during initial infection decreases vulnerabilities to later infection.
Study shows that hitchhiking bacteria can go against the flow
Scientists find that water fleas facilitate bacterial dispersal, allowing microbes to reach inaccessible habitats. The 'conveyor-belt' hypothesis is confirmed through lab and field experiments.
Coastal creatures may have reduced ability to fight off infections in acidified oceans
Researchers found that coastal animals have a decreased ability to fight off infection of Vibrio bacteria when exposed to low oxygen and high carbon dioxide conditions. This makes them more vulnerable to infection, especially with injuries or wounds exposed to the water.
Image of new antibiotic in action opens up new opportunities to combat antibacterial resistance
A new experimental antibiotic has been shown to be effective against bacteria that are resistant to existing treatments. The compound works by targeting a specific enzyme in the bacteria's internal machinery, preventing it from reproducing.
Nanotechnology for water purification
Researchers at D.J. Sanghvi College of Engineering have investigated various nanotechnology approaches for water purification, including nanofiltration and zeolite filtration membranes. These methods can effectively remove sediments, chemical effluents, charged particles, bacteria, and other pathogens from water.
Math model of colon inflammation singles out dangerous immune cells
Researchers at Virginia Tech have created a mathematical model of colon inflammation that identifies pro-inflammatory macrophages as key culprits for unregulated inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. The model allows scientists to explore cellular and molecular changes underlying chronic inflammation, identify intervention points...
Research results confirm need for protection against ticks that carry Lyme disease
A four-year survey confirms the presence of ticks carrying Lyme disease in Cook, Lake, DuPage, and Piatt Counties, with higher numbers found along the Des Plaines River corridor. The study highlights the importance of preventive measures to avoid tick bites.
Computer program predicts MRSA's next move
Duke University researchers have developed a computer program that can predict the next moves of a dangerous bacteria, such as MRSA. The algorithm identifies potential resistance mutations before testing begins, allowing for more effective drug design and potentially saving lives.
NIH scientists find a new toxin that may be key to MRSA severity
Scientists at NIH identify novel Staphylococcus aureus toxin LukGH, which destroys human immune cells and increases MRSA severity. The toxin is secreted into the environment, forming pores in neutrophils that lead to their destruction.
In the ring: Researchers fighting bacterial infections zero in on microorganism's soft spots
Scientists have identified a promising target for a strategic hit in bacteria that could help halt reproduction and reduce the spread of infections. The research, led by Dr. Antonio J. Martín-Galiano and professor José M. Andreu, maps out a protein called FtsZ, which is crucial for bacterial cell division.
Key milestone towards the development of a new clinically useful antibiotic
Researchers have identified the genes necessary for producing a highly potent and clinically unexploited antibiotic, microbisporicin. The study enables the engineering of bacteria to produce similar but better molecules, improving pharmacological properties.
Amid the murk of 'gut flora,' vitamin D receptor emerges as a key player
The study found that the vitamin D receptor helps regulate bacterial activity, responds to cues, and counters their presence. It also plays a key role in defending against Salmonella infection and squelching inflammation by binding to NF-Kappa B and preventing it from activating other inflammatory molecules.
Hospitals warned that wet breathing system filters transmit harmful bacteria and yeast
Research highlights potential problems with breathing system filters, which allow substantial passage of bacteria and yeast when wet. Commonly available filters cannot be relied upon to prevent bacterial transfer, posing a risk to patients.
Discovery of controlled swarm in bacteria
A study led by Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona researchers reveals a new mechanism controlling bacterial swarming and its interaction with the DNA repair system. The discovery could lead to designing new strategies to increase antibiotic sensitivity in pathogenic bacteria.
Gut bacteria could be key indicator of colon cancer risk
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill discovered a link between altered gut microbiota and colon cancer, finding higher bacterial diversity and richness in individuals with adenomas. The study suggests that manipulating the microbiota through diet could help prevent colon cancer.
Harmful bacteria carried by pigeons
Researchers found Campylobacter jejuni and Chlamydophila psittaci in 69.1% and 52.6% of pigeons in Madrid, respectively. These bacteria can cause diarrhea in humans through aerosols, direct contact, or contaminated food and water.
Babies' first bacteria depend on birthing method, says new study
A new study indicates that babies born vaginally have bacterial communities resembling their mother's vaginal bacteria, while C-section newborns have common skin bacterial communities. This finding has potential implications for infant health as they grow and develop.
Study examines, compares bacteria in the nose and throat
Researchers analyzed bacterial populations in the noses and throats of seven healthy adults using two culture-independent methods. They found distinct differences between nasal and throat bacteria, with some groups more prevalent in one area than the other.
Treatment with naturally occurring protein prevents and reverses brain damage caused by meningitis
A recent study found that naturally occurring protein IL-10 can prevent and reverse brain damage caused by meningitis in newborns. The research suggests that IL-10 acts to clear antibiotic-sensitive and antibiotic-resistant E. coli from the circulation, thereby preventing or restoring damaged brain tissue.
How bacteria make syringes
Researchers elucidated the basic principles of bacterial transport channel assembly, a mechanism used by pathogens to deliver virulence factors. The discovery opens doors to developing anti-infective drugs that can target this process before antibiotics, offering a major advantage in infection treatment.
Biosensors reveal how single bacterium gets the message to split into a swimming and a stay-put cell
Researchers developed a biosensor to study cell division in bacteria, finding that the regulatory messenger c-di-GMP is distributed unevenly between swimming and stay-put cells. This asymmetrical distribution affects enzyme production and cell function, with implications for bacterial behavior and disease.
Superbug's CPU revealed
The study reveals a small chemical makes Staphylococcus aureus stronger, more infectious and resistant to antibiotics. Shutting down this synthesis renders the bacteria non-functional and non-infectious.
The dilemma of plants fighting infections
Plants with enhanced disease resistance, like mouse ear cress, produce fewer and smaller leaves, but excel against pathogens. This tradeoff allows for coexistence of large, vulnerable plants with small, protected ones in nature.
Novel therapeutic approach shows promise against multiple bacterial pathogens
A new treatment stimulates the host immune system to destroy invading microbes, protecting against tularemia and other disease-causing bacteria. The therapy has broad usage and potential for future use as a treatment alternative to antibiotics.
Pellegrini wins top award for infectious disease research
Dr Pellegrini's research focuses on HIV, tuberculosis, and how the human immune system responds to these infections. His work aims to develop therapies that target the host immune system to eradicate chronic infections.
New bacterial signaling molecule could lead to improved vaccines
Researchers discovered a new bacterial signaling molecule, cyclic-di-AMP, which stimulates a strong immune response in host cells. This molecule may be used to improve vaccines that use live or disabled bacteria, making them more effective against pathogens such as Listeria.
New weapon against highly resistant microbes within grasp
Plectasin disrupts the forming of the cell wall in bacteria, preventing division and ultimately leading to bacterial death. Despite its potential, the authors caution that no permanent solution exists to antibiotic resistance.
Immune evasion common in many viruses, bacteria and parasites is uncommon in M. tuberculosis
Scientists found that M. tuberculosis antigens remain unchanged and homogenous, unlike many viruses and parasites, allowing the bacteria to be transmitted from person to person.
Study uncovers optimal ecology of bioinsecticide
BBSRC funded researchers found that applying Bt to young plants enhances the bacteria's ability to infect insect pests. The study also reveals that the natural abundance of Bt in the environment plays a significant role in its effectiveness.
UT study finds viruses in untreated East Tennessee drinking water
A University of Tennessee study found high-risk water sources in East Tennessee contain fecal contamination, including E.coli, coliforms, Bacteroides, and infectious viruses. This highlights a potential health hazard for rural residents who drink untreated groundwater.
Overcoming anthrax bacterium's natural defenses could hold key to new treatments
Researchers at USAMRIID have found a novel approach to defeating the anthrax pathogen by inducing high levels of CapD enzyme, releasing capsule fragments and leaving bacteria vulnerable to immune destruction. This breakthrough could lead to new treatment options for anthrax infection.
Surprising infection inducing mechanism found in bacteria
Scientists have found a way for pathogenicity islands to detect viruses and eliminate repression, allowing them to transfer virulent genes to other harmless bacteria. This discovery could lead to new treatments for bacterial infections and diseases caused by toxins.
New 'Tree of Life' established for one of the largest groups of bacteria
Researchers at Virginia Tech have constructed a powerful phylogenetic tree for the gamma-proteobacteria using hundreds of genes and integrating more information than traditional single-gene approaches. The consensus tree provides a tool for predicting shared biology and analyzing bacterial adaptations to their environments.
UT Southwestern researchers find mechanism that may stop E. coli from developing in cattle
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified a genetic sensing mechanism that allows E. coli to form colonies in cattle, and found that interfering with this system can prevent the bacteria from colonizing and reaching humans. This discovery could lead to new strategies for preventing food-borne illnesses.
Certain laboratory technique allows rapid detection of eye pathogens
A new laboratory technique using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allows for rapid detection of eye pathogens, including bacteria and fungi, in corneal scrapings. This method provides faster diagnosis and treatment for corneal ulcers compared to traditional bacterial culture, which can take up to 48 hours.
Even healthy pregnant women need to worry about oral bacteria
Researchers found several new bacteria originating in the mouth can travel through the blood to cause an inflammatory reaction in the placenta and lead to health issues such as miscarriages and stillbirths. Oral bacteria that colonize in the placenta can stimulate an inflammatory response leading to cervical and membrane weaknesses and...
Biologists discover an extra layer of protection for bacterial spores
Researchers have identified a new outermost layer of protection on bacterial spores, known as the 'spore crust', which may be a common feature of all spore-forming bacteria. This discovery was made using advanced microscopy techniques and offers new insights into the survival methods of these resilient organisms.
Islands of germs: Researchers discover pathogens floating on tiny clumps of aquatic detritus
Scientists found pathogens thrive in marine snow aggregates, which can skew water sampling procedures and predict disease transmission to humans. The study applies island biogeography theories to microscopic drifting aggregates.
New LLNL detection technology identifies bacteria, viruses, other organisms within 24 hours
The Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (LLMDA) detects viruses and bacteria with probes in a checkerboard pattern, identifying over 2,000 viruses and 900 bacteria. This technology enables rapid detection of pathogens, improving biodefense, public health, and product safety.
Fighting fungal infections with bacteria
Researchers found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria can inhibit Candida albicans biofilm formation on silicone surfaces. This discovery could lead to the development of new antimicrobial drugs and additives to prevent hospital-acquired fungal infections.
Unmasking anthrax for immune destruction
Scientists have engineered Bacillus anthracis to produce higher-than-normal amounts of capsule depolymerase, releasing the protective capsule and leaving the bacterium vulnerable to detection and destruction by the immune system.
Caltech biologists link gut microbial equilibrium to inflammatory bowel disease
Researchers at Caltech have discovered a crucial balance between beneficial and potentially harmful gut microbes that can either promote health or lead to diseases like IBD. The study reveals how altering this balance can affect the host's immune system, leading to inflammation.
Strep steps up in urinary tract infections
Research reveals that pathogenic strains of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) cause urinary tract infections by binding to bladder cells and triggering high levels of interleukin, an inflammatory cytokine. GBS infection may be more common than previously thought due to lack of clear risk factors.
Student research team sequences genome of bacterium discovered in Virginia Tech garden
A team of Virginia Tech students sequenced the genome of a previously unknown bacterium isolated from the university's garden. The nonpathogenic strain belongs to Pseudomonas syringae and has similarities to closely related pathogens, offering insights into disease mechanisms and potential for controlling devastating diseases like snap...
Tracing Listeria monocytogenes in a commercial chicken cooking plant
A 21-month study found that incoming raw poultry is the primary source of Listeria monocytogenes contamination in commercial chicken cooking plants. The research team tracked sources of contamination, including employees, fresh air, and the surrounding environment, and found that floor drains were consistently positive for the bacteria.
Clinical trial drug exacerbates tuberculosis in mice
The study found that Poly-ICLC treatment increased lung bacterial load and damage in mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This was attributed to the recruitment of myeloid immune cells, which supported bacterial growth and exacerbated lung damage.
MSU scientists find bacterium can halt dengue virus transmission
Researchers at Michigan State University found a bacterium, Wolbachia, that can stop the dengue virus from replicating in mosquitoes, blocking disease transmission. The study provides new hope for controlling dengue fever, which affects 2.5 billion people worldwide.
Small molecules have big impact for TB bacteria
The study reveals that Mycobacterium tuberculosis uses small RNAs to subtly tweak bacterial production in response to environmental signals, enhancing its survival. This understanding can lead to the design of new drugs targeting persistent TB forms.
Montana State researcher discovers that bile sends mixed signals to E. coli
Bile secretions in the small intestine send signals to disease-causing gut bacteria, enabling them to adapt and prepare to cause disease. The presence of bile triggers genes that increase iron uptake, a crucial nutrient for bacterial growth.
Bile sends mixed signals to E. coli
Bile helps E. coli O157:H7 bacteria survive by increasing iron uptake, while reducing attachment to host cells in the large intestine. This study could lead to better protection of food from contamination and a deeper understanding of bacterial disease mechanisms.
Adapting to change? Remember the good, forget the bad!
A team of researchers at Imperial College London developed a mathematical model to explain chemotaxis in bacteria. They found that Escherichia coli adapts to potentially toxic molecules more quickly than to nutrients.
New mathematical model helps biologists understand how coral dies in warming waters
Researchers developed a new mathematical model to understand bacterial community dynamics behind coral bleaching and disease. The models reveal how beneficial bacteria protect corals from pathogens when waters are normal, but switch to pathogenic bacteria when corals are stressed by elevated temperatures.