Articles tagged with Gram Negative Bacteria
A study by Princeton University found that Vibrio cholerae can more easily infect the intestines when curved due to a protein called CrvA. The bacteria's ability to change shape plays a critical role in its infection and reproduction.
Research shows that pre-sensitization to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) enhances nickel allergy in mice, shifting the immune balance towards a Th1 response. This finding suggests that an anamnestic history of oral infectious disease may contribute to nickel hypersensitivity.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University have isolated a unique strain of lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis 194, from Buryat milk that possesses a wide range of antimicrobial action against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The strain also shows antifungal properties, making it a promising candida...
Researchers have identified a key role for protein OmpA in protecting bacterial cells from environmental stress. The protein acts as a flexible clamp to connect the cell wall and outer membrane, providing mechanical support.
Researchers have revealed the bilayer properties of 21 distinct Lipid A types from 12 Gram-negative bacterial species through biomolecular systems simulation. This study provides crucial information for developing new antibiotics against 'bad bugs' like superbugs, with the goal of accelerating drug development and improving treatment o...
Scientists from Kazan Federal University and Louisiana Tech University created a 'smart dress' for oil-degrading bacteria by coating them with magnetic nanoparticles. The modified bacteria retained their ability to form biofilms, crucial for attaching to oil droplets in natural environments.
Bacteria have adapted their cell walls to create better-fitted structures for survival in challenging environments. The study reveals unprecedented chemical modifications that enable bacteria to resist lytic enzymes and elicit an innate immune system response in certain hosts.
Gram-negative bacteria use vesicles to communicate with and influence neighboring cells, triggering a deadly response in the body. The vesicles can lead to inflammation, fever, and low blood pressure, making sepsis difficult to cure.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center have developed a method to identify new antimicrobials that target antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Approximately 10,000 compounds were screened, and three approved drugs showed promise in inhibiting the growth of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).
Researchers discovered Vibrio cholerae attraction to bile taurine, shedding light on its survival and pathogenicity. The finding may lead to prevention of infection and development of new drugs for cholera.
A researcher at Lehigh University is pioneering a unique approach to treat bacterial infections by targeting outer membrane vesicles, which can deliver toxins to healthy cells. Her work has the potential to develop broad-range antibacterial molecules and improve antibiotic stewardship.
Scientists have replicated insect-inspired antibacterial nanopillars on synthetic polymers, developing a potential solution to prevent bacterial infections in medical devices. The technology is being explored for use in artificial corneas and other medical implants.
A large-scale study reveals that premature babies with necrotizing enterocolitis have a distinct mix of gut microbes compared to healthy infants. The researchers identified Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobic bacteria as potential contributors to the disease, and found that breast milk may offer some protection.
Scientists are studying graphene oxide to create bacteria-killing catheters and medical devices, reducing the need for antibiotics and speeding recovery times. Graphene oxide wraps around bacteria, puncturing its membrane and killing it, making it a potential alternative to traditional methods that are toxic to the environment.
Researchers at UEA have discovered a mechanism to target the defensive barrier of superbugs, bringing bacteria down without developing resistance. This breakthrough paves the way for a new generation of drugs that could revolutionize the treatment of antibiotic-resistant infections.
Researchers discovered that E. coli uses bio-films to protect itself from the bacterial predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, allowing it to survive in fragmented environments. This finding could lead to the development of alternative antibiotics that target specific harmful bacteria while leaving benign ones untouched.
The new guidelines aim to prevent the spread of MDRGNB in healthcare settings, which are already present in the UK. They provide practical advice on identifying patients with these bacteria and preventing their spread.
Researchers created a synthetic model of E. coli's outer membrane, providing unprecedented access to its structure and dynamics. The model was used to test how antibiotic molecules can cross the critical barrier, which is highly impermeable to incoming molecules.
Researchers at University of Illinois developed spiral polypeptides that target bacteria's outer membrane, perforating it until the cell falls apart. The antimicrobial agents are designed to interact with bacterial membranes while minimizing interaction with human cells.
Researchers at Newcastle University have created a synthetic model of the bacterial outer membrane, providing unprecedented access to its structure and dynamics. The model allows for the testing of antibiotic molecules and has the potential to overcome resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli.
Researchers at UCSB have discovered a mechanism by which gram-negative bacteria deliver protein toxins to their neighbors, killing them. This finding could lead to the development of targeted antibiotics that leave beneficial bacteria in the gut intact.
Researchers found that high blood sugar molecules can weaken the body's natural defenses against infections. Dicarbonyls, breakdown products of glucose, interfere with antimicrobial peptides that fight inflammation and infection. This discovery could contribute to developing new treatments for people with uncontrolled diabetes.
A $4.8 million NIH study will provide essential information to clinicians on the proper intravenous dosing of polymyxin B in critically ill patients. The study aims to minimize unnecessary toxic side effects and preserve the drug's efficacy against superbug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
Scientists have identified a type of sugar produced by Gram-negative bacteria called heptose as the trigger for an immune response in patients with gonorrhea. This discovery could lead to the development of new therapies that use the immune system to fight infections instead of antibiotics.
Researchers discovered how bacteria rapidly replace outer membrane proteins in response to changing growth conditions. This mechanism involves the formation of 'OMP islands' that regulate protein insertion, allowing bacteria to change their outer membrane coat in just two generations.
E. coli O104:H4 acquired genes through horizontal gene transfer, increasing virulence and antibiotic resistance. The bacterium's genome comprises prophage elements involved in Shiga toxin production.
A new study found that one in five nursing home residents with advanced dementia harbor strains of drug-resistant bacteria, with over 10% resistant to four or more antibiotic classes. Researchers detected genetically related bacteria in 82% of the 22 nursing homes studied.
A study of almost 6500 people found that recent gut and urinary tract infections were associated with a significantly lowered risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis. Infections within the past two years reduced the risk by 29%, 22% and 20% respectively.
Researchers at Rhode Island Hospital discovered that bloodstream infections caused by different types of bacteria vary based on location and healthcare spending. The study found a correlation between distance from the equator and health care spending in determining the type of bacteria causing such infections.
A new study reveals that naturally occurring carbon monoxide is essential for the macrophages' surveillance plan, detecting the presence of bacteria and instigating an attack. CO also boosts the immune response to enhance clearance of bacteria and resolution of SIRS.
A study found that selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) and selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOD) significantly reduced antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria and ICU-acquired bacteremia. Patient survival rates were similar, but SDD showed a lower incidence of ICU-acquired respiratory tract infections.
Researchers have identified a protein called MurJ that is essential to the survival of E. coli bacteria, making it a potential new target for antibiotics. Inhibiting MurJ would require getting past just one of the two membranes, making it an attractive new target in the age of resistant pathogens.
Researchers discover that P. gingivalis modifies its lipid A structure to evade host defenses and establish chronic infection, leading to persistent systemic low-grade inflammation. This mechanism contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis in blood vessels.
A new research unit at Goethe University Frankfurt aims to understand the molecular basis of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains, a common and deadly nosocomial pathogen. The researchers will study the bacterium's biology, infection process, and resistance mechanisms using an interdisciplinary approach.
Researchers at UEA identified a vulnerable gate in Gram-negative bacteria's outer membrane that prevents the transport of barrier-building blocks, making bacteria susceptible to death. This breakthrough could lead to new generation drugs targeting the protective barrier instead of the bacteria itself.
Antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative superbugs are on the rise in US children, particularly those aged 1-5 years old. The prevalence of these bacteria increased from 0.28% to 0.92% between 1999 and 2011.
Researchers discovered that bacterial LPS components directly activate pain sensors, triggering immediate pain and inflammatory responses. This finding reveals a new target for drugs designed to treat bacterial infections, such as pneumonia and meningitis.
Two small RNAs (sRNAs) GlmY and GlmZ orchestrate bacterial attack on epithelial cells by cleaving transcripts and destabilizing LEE gene expression. This coordination enables efficient mammalian-cell invasion and optimal pedestal formation.
Researchers have discovered that blue light phototherapy is effective in killing antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including MRSA. The treatment uses a specific wavelength of blue light to target and destroy the bacteria.
Researchers found that blood clots actively soak up lipopolysaccharide, a toxic compound released by Gram-negative bacteria. This protective mechanism may help prevent disease and death from septic shock, which affects 300,000 people annually.
Scientists have mapped the structure of a protein that helps bacteria evade the immune system. Understanding this protein, called BamA, could lead to new treatments for diseases like gonorrhoea and chanchroid. The discovery brings researchers closer to stopping infection before it takes hold.
Researchers identified genetic controls that enable social amoebas to differentiate between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The study found nearly 800 genes activated when exposed to gram-negative bacteria, highlighting a key role for a specific gene in degrading bacterial cell walls.
A recent study published by the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests that toothbrushes are not a common source of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) bacteria, which causes strep throat. The research found that even after being used by children with strep throat, toothbrushes did not consistently harbor GAS bacteria.
A team of researchers studied human cells sent to space, finding that the immune system weakens and bacterial virulence enhances under microgravity conditions. The study also found altered gene expression related to rheumatoid arthritis, tumor growth, and wound repair.
Researchers at Rice University propose combining synthetic and natural toxins to create a 'one-two punch' therapy against cancer and drug-resistant bacteria, potentially reducing side effects and preventing resistance. The approach targets the unique membranes of both cancer cells and Gram-negative bacteria.
Researchers created a biophysical model predicting that holes larger than 15-24 nanometers would cause bacterial cells to burst. Experiments validated this theory by measuring holes in lysed bacteria cells with diameters of 22-180 nanometers.
Researchers found that E. coli must acquire iron from the host to establish a foothold and colonize the gut, resolving a long-standing debate about the importance of iron in bacterial infection. By understanding how bacteria obtain iron, scientists can develop new strategies to block microbial diseases and create new antibiotics.
A new study found that bitter taste receptors play a crucial role in fighting off chronic sinus infections by detecting specific bacterial molecules. The research suggests that individuals with strong bitter taste sensitivities have better defenses against these infections.
Researchers at University at Buffalo have discovered a novel set of genes essential for the growth of potentially lethal, drug-resistant bacteria A. baumannii. The study reveals multiple new drug targets for this human infection and suggests that laboratory conditions may not be ideal for identifying antimicrobial drug targets.
Scientists have discovered a new way to inactivate the disease-causing ability of Helicobacter pylori by disrupting its acid-sensing receptor. The study reveals that urea binding is crucial for the protein's function and could lead to potential treatments.
Researchers develop a hybrid protein that blocks Xf infection, reducing reliance on chemicals in vineyards. Engineered grapevines produce the protein, which creates pores in the bacterium's membrane, killing it and preventing Pierce's disease symptoms.
Researchers at NC State University have created a compound that increases the effectiveness of existing antibiotics against antibiotic-resistant superbugs by 16 times. The compound, derived from a class of molecules, recharges existing antibiotics, making them effective against Gram-negative bacteria like K. pneumoniae.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London discovered the workings behind a bacterial secretion system responsible for delivering potent toxins from bacteria such as E. coli and Vibrio cholerae. Understanding this mechanism could lead to the development of new antibiotics to effectively treat bacterial infections.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University discovered that Fusobacterium nucleatum breaks the junctures in blood vessel cells, allowing bacteria like E. coli to invade the body. The oral bacterium triggers a cascade of signals that creates space for harmful invaders to enter the bloodstream.
Scientists have discovered a new communication code employed by disease-causing bacteria, which is recognized by plant and animal immune receptors. This discovery has significant implications for controlling bacterial diseases and could lead to new methods for treatment.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered a new compound that can defeat drug-resistant bacteria by blocking their efflux pumps. The compound, called BU-005, was found to inhibit the activity of two different families of drug-efflux pumps, one associated with Gram-positive bacteria and the other with Gram-negative bacteria.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has awarded five-year contracts totaling $150 million to develop broad-spectrum therapeutics against multiple types of bacteria and viruses. The development focuses on creating products that can be stockpiled to protect the public in bioterror attacks or public health crises.
A study found that residential washing machines often can't kill dangerous hospital-acquired bacteria at lower water temperatures. Washing with hot water and ironing afterwards can eliminate MRSA and Acinetobacter from uniforms.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have created a new technology that detects bacterial infections in wounds using ultra-violet light. The polymers, attached to antibiotics, bind to bacteria and fluoresce, alerting clinicians to the severity of infection and guiding antibiotic treatment.
Andrea Endimiani has been recognized for his groundbreaking research on the impact of drug resistance traits on infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. He has also made significant contributions to understanding the prevalence of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in multiple US cities.