Articles tagged with Gram Negative Bacteria
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the Asian Institute of Technology successfully demonstrated the use of ZnO nanorods to remove microbes from water using visible light. The study found that the nanorods killed both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, offering a promising solution for water purification.
Research found that washing with contaminated liquid soap increases Gram-negative bacteria on hands 26-fold, and bacteria from contaminated hands can be transferred to secondary surfaces. This study highlights the importance of using sealed-soap dispensers in community settings.
Researchers discovered that bacteria produce unique proteins to inhibit growth and end life of other bacteria, suggesting a primitive form of kin selection. These proteins are acquired through horizontal gene transfer, allowing bacteria to adapt and evolve.
Scientists have developed a new polymer-type material that exhibits biocidal activity toward MRSA and other Gram-negative bacteria when exposed to light, making it suitable for antibacterial countertops. The conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) material has shown promising results in killing bacteria without harming mammalian cells.
A study published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology found that manipulating intestinal microbiota with probiotics and prebiotics could improve celiac disease quality of life. The research also discovered that different types of gut bacteria influence inflammation to varying degrees.
Researchers have successfully reproduced a key component of bacterial lipopolysaccharide structures, allowing for deeper understanding of their growth and potential antibiotic targets. The discovery could lead to the development of new treatments against Gram-negative bacteria.
Researchers found that periodontal pathogens activate HIV-1 promoters in T-cells, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells. TLR2 and TLR9 play a key role in this response.
A new DNA-based microarray platform has been developed to identify bacterial species rapidly and accurately, with a clinical sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 99%. The assay is 18 hours faster than the current gold-standard system, which could lead to improved clinical outcomes by allowing species-specific therapy to be started early.
Researchers use cryo-electron tomography to elucidate molecular architecture of Treponema pallidum, shedding light on cellular structure and movement. The study provides new understanding of how the bacterium attaches to human cells and moves with its flagella.
Researchers aim to understand how colicins penetrate Gram-negative bacteria, potentially leading to new drug delivery methods for diseases. The five-year programme will improve our understanding of biological warfare in bacteria.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed a pocket-size breath test that can detect the presence of malodorous bacteria, allowing users to determine if their breath is 'okay to kiss'. The test uses biomarkers in saliva to identify two distinct populations of bacteria causing bad breath.
The lack of new antibiotics is exacerbating the antibiotic resistance crisis, with 'super bugs' becoming increasingly difficult to treat. The divide between research and development, and real-world application is hindering efforts to combat these life-threatening infections.
Researchers at the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have discovered how E. coli bacteria can resist antibiotics by inducing a dormant state through the HipA protein kinase. By studying the molecular details of HipA's role in multidrug tolerance, the team has identified potential targets for new therapies.
A new family of antibacterial agents has been identified in the freshwater animal Hydra, which shows promise in combating drug-resistant bacteria. The protein hydramacin-1, found in Hydra, exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Researchers at the University of Illinois and Massachusetts have found a way to target a bacteria's evolutionary machinery, programming its own death. The synthetic antimicrobial depends on phosphoethanolamine lipids in bacterial membranes.
A recent study investigated the effect of probiotic bacterial combinations on cytokine production in vitro. The results showed that different bacteria compete with each other during host cell interactions, and novel probiotic strains are more potent inducers of Th1 type cytokines.
A recent breath test can accurately detect SIBO by measuring hydrogen levels in expired air. The disorder has severe systemic consequences including sepsis and multiorgan failure if left untreated.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have discovered that an enzyme called intestinal alkaline phosphatase plays a crucial role in maintaining balance between gut bacteria and cells, preventing excessive inflammation. This finding has implications for understanding and treating inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and...
Researchers at NIAID discovered a survival mechanism in gram-positive bacteria that protects it from antimicrobial peptides, which are defense molecules sent by the body to kill bacteria. The discovery may help chart a path to designing new drugs to bolster our antimicrobial treatment options.
A new study found that lower levels of endotoxin in young children's homes are associated with a higher risk of developing wheezing or eczema by age 3. Certain environmental factors such as older home conditions and carpeting increase endotoxin levels, while genetic predisposition may also play a role.
Researchers discovered that prolonged exposure to antibiotics triggers a genetic response in E. coli, resulting in increased efflux pump activity and altered outer membrane porin protein levels. This study highlights the critical role of genetic adaptation in antibiotic resistance.
Researchers develop a bacterial biosensor prototype to detect oxidative stress, which can cause brain tissue damage. The sensor uses potassium release in response to toxins, correlating with cell damage, offering a potential early warning system for public health threats.
Researchers at UC Davis and colleagues discovered that green plants contain a bacterial toxin called lipid A, which is also found in Gram-negative bacteria. The presence of this toxin in plants challenges current knowledge about plant biology and evolution.
A group of tannins found in cranberries can transform E. coli bacteria into spheres, alter cell membranes and make it difficult for them to bind to cells. The results suggest whole cranberry products may have the greatest health effects against certain infections.
The Pall eBDS System is a highly sensitive culture-based test that detects bacterial contamination of red blood cells, reducing the risk of sepsis and death from transfusion. The system's novel approach to detection measures oxygen consumption as a marker for bacteria, allowing for effective detection of commonly found contaminants.
St. Jude researchers have solved a 25-year mystery by discovering the first biochemical step that many disease-causing bacteria use to build their membranes. The discovery holds promise for effective, new antibiotics against these bacteria, which would not cause dangerous side effects.
Researchers genetically engineered E. coli to lack its outer protective layer, making it more vulnerable to antibiotics. Synthetic versions of natural substrates for gram-positive bacteria's membrane formation are also being developed, potentially leading to new antibiotic designs.
Researchers found that bacteria dominate Cava wines after yeast fermentation, affecting aroma, flavor and bubble size. The products released by yeast cells serve as nutrients for bacterial growth, influencing sensory quality and consumer acceptability.
Dr. Curtis has received the Basic Research in Periodontal Disease Award for his outstanding contributions to understanding bacterial protease function and glycosylation of bacterial virulence determinants. The award recognizes his work in developing novel antimicrobial strategies against periodontal pathogens.
Researchers developed a technique to destroy antibiotic-resistant bacteria by targeting plasmids, which are genetic codes for resistance. By mimicking plasmid incompatibility, they used apramycin to prevent plasmid reproduction, allowing antibiotics to work again.
A study led by Russell G. Postier found that tigecycline produced a 74 percent cure rate for hospitalized patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI), demonstrating promising efficacy against a wide spectrum of bacteria. The antibiotic's safety profile was also acceptable.
Caroline Mohr, a leading expert in clinical microbiology, has won the 2004 Scherago-Rubin Award from the American Society for Microbiology. Her work involves identifying and classifying microorganisms, including gram-negative bacilli, and evaluating automated systems used to identify these bacteria.
A randomized trial found that surgical decontamination (SDD) significantly reduces mortality in ICU patients by lowering antibiotic-resistant bacteria infections. SDD is recommended for patients on mechanical ventilation or in ICUs with low vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and meticillin-resistant S aureus prevalence.
A randomized trial found that selective use of antibiotic decontamination (SDD) significantly reduced ICU deaths by 15% and overall hospital deaths by 24%, as well as infection rates with antibiotic-resistant bacteria by 16%. The study advocates for the use of SDD in patients on mechanical ventilation or in ICUs with low prevalence of ...
A study of 38 households found no significant difference in bacterial numbers with or without antibacterial products, but high bacteria counts were detected on kitchen sponges and sink drains. The researchers suggest that prolonged antibacterial use may promote antibiotic resistance.
A study by Duke University Medical Center researchers found that older patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery are more likely to suffer cognitive decline due to lowered immunity to gram-negative bacteria. Cognitive decline was particularly pronounced in patients over 60, suggesting that boosting immunity may improve outcomes.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have developed a system to synthesize and screen novel beta-lactam antibiotics, including some effective against extremely low levels of bacteria. The process takes about two days and produces over 1,000 novel compounds with potential for use in antibiotic skin patches.