Articles tagged with Human Gut Microbiota
Researchers at Caltech discovered a novel link between the gut microbiome and Parkinson's disease, finding that gut bacteria promote hallmark pathology, neuroinflammation, and motor dysfunction. The study suggests targeting the gut microbiome may provide a new approach for diagnosing and treating PD.
Researchers at Caltech discovered a functional link between bacteria in the intestines and Parkinson's disease, showing that changes in gut bacterial populations contribute to motor skill deterioration. The study found that an imbalance in short-chain fatty acids regulates brain inflammation and symptoms of PD.
Research in mice reveals that gut microbe movements can influence a host animal's circadian rhythms by exposing different microbes and their metabolites as the day goes by. The study shows profound effects on host physiology, including changes in liver function and gene expression.
A research team at the University of Luxembourg has developed a computer model of the human gut microbiome, capturing the metabolic processes of 773 bacterial strains. The model, called AGORA, can simulate metabolic processes and investigate how they affect other microbes and the human host.
Research found that genetics and early environment significantly influence the gut microbiome, with similar genes linked to human diseases like arthritis and diabetes. The study also discovered a strong correlation between specific microbes and T-helper cells in the blood.
A study has identified the gut microbiome's role in regulating host gene expression through the epigenome. A plant-based diet favors a healthier microbiome and promotes interplay between microbes and host cells. This research suggests that a Western diet may disrupt this communication, leading to potential health issues.
Researchers found that genetic background affects response to antibiotics on gut microbiome, insulin sensitivity, tissue inflammation, and metabolic functions in mice. This study suggests that genetic susceptibility plays a role in predicting the usefulness of microbiome therapies for obesity and metabolic disease.
Researchers found patterns by which gut microbiome and its function interact with immune response, influencing cytokine production. The study identified interactions between pathogens, cytokines, and fatty acids on cytokine production.
The microbiome plays a crucial role in human health and disease, making it essential for personalized medicine. Research suggests that understanding the microbiome's interactions with genetics, environment, and lifestyle can lead to more effective treatments, including targeted therapies and antibiotics.
A new study found that curtailing sleep for four hours a night altered the abundance of bacterial gut species in healthy men, previously associated with metabolic diseases. Insulin sensitivity also decreased, but this was unrelated to changes in gut microbiota.
Researchers analyzed fecal samples from dogs with and without IBD, discovering a pattern of microbes indicative of the disease. The team used 16S rRNA sequencing to predict IBD diagnosis in dogs with high accuracy.
A team of Chinese researchers characterized the 'mobile resistome,' a network of easily transferred antibiotic resistance genes between bacteria, including humans and animals. The study found that these genes are shared among multiple human pathogens and can be disabling for six major classes of antibiotics.
A new study found that captive monkeys in zoos lose their native gut bacteria diversity and acquire a set similar to humans. The researchers suggest that a low-fiber Western diet may be the cause, as it led to a loss of microbial diversity in both captive and semi-captive populations.
Scientists have established the first public collection of bacteria from the intestine of mice, providing comprehensive information on the mouse gut microbiota. The collection includes 76 cultured bacterial species, including 15 previously unknown taxa, and sheds light on the interactions between gut bacteria and their host.
The gut microbiome plays a complex role in cognitive and psychiatric disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Researchers are exploring synthetic biology to develop engineered bacteria that can remodel the gut microbiota and treat these conditions.
Researchers found that babies born to mothers on high-fat diets had distinct gut microbiomes with fewer Bacteroides microbes, affecting energy extraction and immune system development. The study suggests a potential link between maternal diet and infant microbiome, emphasizing the importance of considering fat intake in prenatal care.
The AGA Fecal Microbiota Transplantation National Registry aims to protect patient safety while providing valuable data on the potential health risks of FMT. The registry will collect information from patients undergoing FMT at sites across the US, following them for up to 10 years to monitor adverse events and effectiveness.
A new study reveals that the evolution of gut bacteria in humans and hominids parallels ape evolution, suggesting a long-term co-evolution between hosts and microbes. The research sheds light on the importance of the human microbiome and its connection to our evolutionary history.
The gut microbiome's impact on brain health and disease is a growing area of research. Dr. David Perlmutter discusses the link between the gut microbiome and conditions like Alzheimer's, ALS, and multiple sclerosis.
A comprehensive review article examines the role of gut bacteria and viruses in MS development and progression. Alterations in gut microbiome composition may influence immune system activity and autoimmune disorders like MS.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found a distinct gut microbiome in multiple sclerosis patients compared to healthy individuals. The research suggests that patients with MS have reduced levels of beneficial bacteria, which are associated with overall health benefits.
A study analyzing infant gut microbial populations reveals that antibiotic treatment reduces diversity, leading to increased risk of autoimmune diseases. Breastfeeding duration may also play a role in shaping the developing microbiome.
Researchers discovered that bacteria in the human gut have specialized functions and are not always beneficial. The study found that certain bacteria can produce unhealthy compounds when fermenting proteins, contradicting previous assumptions about the link between diversity and host health.
Researchers found universal (host-independent) dynamics for healthy individuals' gut and mouth microbiomes. Fecal microbiota transplantation therapy also relied on these shared patterns to treat C. difficile infections.
Researchers created a comprehensive metabolic model of C. elegans, linking over 2,000 processes to identify genes contributing to lifespan extension. The 'ElegCyc' model enables analysis of large datasets and will aid in understanding human diseases and microbiome interactions.
A new study examines the role of diet in promoting cooperation or conflict between gut microbes and human cells. The research proposes a framework for understanding the subtle interplay of diet and health, with potential implications for the management of inflammatory and metabolic disease.
A new study found that triclosan exposure causes rapid changes in the gut microbiome of zebrafish, compromising its function. This disruption may contribute to disease development or severity.
At DDW 2016, AGA presents notable clinical practice data and basic science research on the gut microbiome. The conference features seven highlighted abstracts focusing on obesity management, hollow organ failure, and upper GI cancers.
A targeted antibiotic, Debio 1452, was found to minimize disruptions to the gut microbiome in mice compared to broad-spectrum antibiotics. The study suggests that pathogen-selective approaches to antibiotic development can help preserve beneficial bacteria and prevent secondary infections.
Researchers at Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute have catalogued over 130 human intestine bacteria, enabling them to study the microbiome's role in health and disease. The discoveries hold promise for creating tailored treatments with specific beneficial bacteria.
A CU Anschutz study finds that breast milk hormones impact the development of healthy bacteria in infants' guts, potentially protecting them from intestinal inflammation, obesity, and diseases. Researchers found a positive association between insulin, leptin, and microbial diversity in the infant's stool.
A global study found that gut microbiomes of infants in Finland and Estonia are dominated by Bacteroides species, while Russian Karelian infants have an overrepresentation of Bifidobacterium. This difference may contribute to the spike in immune disorders seen in western societies.
Research identifies 14 core gut microbes found in over 95% of people, with certain species linked to diseases like ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. Analysis also reveals correlations between microbiome composition and diet, as well as the impact of medications and antibiotics on the gut microbiota.
A large-scale study has identified 69 factors linked to gut flora composition, including diet, health, and lifestyle. The research provides valuable insights for future disease studies and clinical trials.
Researchers studying intestinal bacteria and their effect on the human brain and mood found that an imbalance in gut microbiota can lead to heightened anxiety and stress. Feeding stressed mice probiotics improved behavior and reduced stress biomarkers, suggesting a potential treatment for PTSD.
A recent study suggests that decreased dietary diversity leads to reduced gut microbiota richness, which is associated with various metabolic disorders. The researchers emphasize the importance of dietary diversity for maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal microbiome.
Researchers found that lead exposure during gestation and lactation altered the gut microbiota of adult mice, leading to increased body weight. The study suggests a potential link between early life lead exposure and obesity in adulthood.
A recent study has discovered an intermediate gut microbiome from the Central African Republic's Bantu community, which incorporates some westernized lifestyle practices. The discovery sheds light on what factors may drive our microbiome differences, linked to metabolic disorders in Western populations.
A study showed that transferring healthy gut microbial species from children to mice can counter the negative effects of malnutrition, suggesting a possible therapeutic approach. Certain microbe species offset malnutrition's detrimental effects, enabling normal growth in undernourished children.
A study published in Gut journal found that oral and intravenous iron replacement therapies alter the gut microbiota significantly, particularly in Crohn's disease patients. These changes may lead to unstable bacterial ecosystems and increased risk of disease flares.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are using ancient DNA analysis to study the human microbiome and its impact on health. They have found that human behavior over the past 2000 years has impacted the gut microbiome, leading to disturbed microbial communities.
Age-related inflammation drives metaplasia in flies, causing changes in gut tissue and gut bacteria. Inhibiting this pathway prevents abnormal changes, maintains a healthy commensal population, and extends lifespan by up to 18%.
Researchers found that chimpanzees with more frequent social interactions had more diverse gut microbiomes. The study suggests that social networks play a crucial role in maintaining healthy gut microbial diversity, a finding with potential implications for human health.
Researchers found that the number of bacterial species in a chimp's GI tract increases when they are more gregarious. The study suggests that social interactions with other chimps help maintain gut microbial diversity over a lifetime, just as initial exposure from mom does.
A study of 102 infants found associations between the infant's gut microbiome composition and delivery method, as well as feeding practices. The research suggests that differences in the microbiome composition may be linked to short- and long-term health outcomes.
A University of Guelph-led study found that red squirrels with lower stress hormones have healthier microbiomes. The researchers tested squirrel microbiomes and analyzed their stress levels, discovering a link between stress and bacterial diversity.
Scientists have developed a human-gut-on-a-chip model that allows them to analyze the interactions between normal gut microbes and pathogenic bacteria, providing new insights into inflammatory bowel diseases. The technology has revealed four small proteins that stimulate inflammation, opening up a potential therapeutic pathway for trea...
A University of Iowa study found that changes in the gut microbiome can cause obesity by reducing the resting metabolic rate, leading to weight gain. The researchers discovered a significant decrease in non-aerobic resting metabolic rate sufficient to account for the animals' weight gain.
Researchers analyzed stool samples from 38 adults in the Cheyenne and Arapaho tribe, finding reduced abundance of certain bacteria and similar fecal metabolite profiles to those with metabolic disorders. The study suggests that lifestyle and social practices may play a role in health disparities among American Indians.
The Unified Microbiome Initiative aims to study the planet's least understood ecosystems, with potential breakthroughs in medicine, agriculture and environmental science. New genomic tools have linked microbes to various health issues, including obesity and brain development.
Scientists from Université de Genève found that depleting the gut microbiota triggers a metabolic mechanism that transforms white fat cells into beige fat, reducing obesity and insulin resistance. This discovery could lead to new anti-obesity treatments.
A study published in Molecular Systems Biology reveals that gut microbiota regulates glutathione and amino acid metabolism in mice, which may contribute to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other diseases. The research also highlights the potential for probiotics to deliver beneficial bacteria to the gut and prevent meta...
A consortium of scientists proposes a major research project to understand and harness microbiomes, aiming to improve human health, agriculture, bioenergy, and the environment. The Unified Microbiome Initiative calls for investments in new tools and cross-disciplinary collaborations to predict and manage microbial behavior.
Research found that long-chain fatty acids promote CNS reactive immune cells, while short-chain fatty acids regulate autoimmune responses. The study suggests a potential role for dietary interventions in managing multiple sclerosis.
Researchers found that a humanized mouse model of gluten sensitivity showed increased immune responses and gut damage when exposed to gluten, but protection was seen in mice with a balanced microbiome. The study suggests that microbial imbalance may contribute to the development of celiac disease.
Analyzing intestinal bacteria could predict health outcomes as we age. The study discovered changes in gut microbes precede and predict the death of fruit flies.
A mathematical calculation platform predicts how patients respond to modified diets depending on their gut microbiome composition. The study reveals that individuals with low-diversity gut microbiomes experience improved blood chemistry when following a weight loss diet.
A new study found that bariatric surgeries alter the gut microbiome in ways that last for at least a decade, leading to sustained weight loss and improved metabolic health. The changes are specific to the surgery and not just a reflection of weight loss alone.
A metagenome-wide association study uncovered markers in the oral and gut microbiomes that are associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The study found that Haemophilus sp. is depleted in RA patients and Lactobacillus salivarius is over-represented, suggesting potential new targets for diagnosis and treatment.
Research suggests that a lack of dietary diversity contributes to health issues like obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Diversifying the diet can optimize the gut microbiome, which plays a key role in metabolic and GI regulatory systems.