An international research team discovered that intestinal bacteria can distribute their metabolic products throughout the body via the bloodstream using membrane vesicles. The study found that these vesicles can overcome the blood-brain barrier and enter brain cells, suggesting a new method for delivering drugs or vaccines.
SourceGoethe University Frankfurt·JournalJournal of Extracellular Vesicles·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 9, 2021
A new Dartmouth-led study found a direct association between the infant microbiome and early childhood behavioral health, with sex-specific differences. The study characterized the species of microbes present in each participant's gut and their functions, establishing that microbiome changes occur before behavioral changes.
SourceThe Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth·JournalPediatric Research·TypeExperimental study·DateNov 4, 2021
A recent study published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases reveals a link between systemic lupus erythematosus and an altered gut microbiome. Researchers at Osaka University identified two species of Streptococcus bacteria significantly increased in SLE patients, which can affect the body's functions by altering plasma metabolites. T...
SourceOsaka University·JournalAnnals of the Rheumatic Diseases·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateOct 27, 2021
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Researchers have identified a link between certain gut microbiome molecules and the immune system protein P-gp, which plays a critical role in gut inflammation. The study suggests that supporting a healthy balance of microbes in the gut may help regulate P-gp expression and prevent chronic inflammation.
SourceUniversity of Bath·JournalMicrobiome·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 26, 2021
Researchers developed an integrated framework combining single-cell and metagenomics to characterize microbes. The approach showed higher accuracy and precise binning, revealing more bacterial genera and intra-species diversity.
SourceWaseda University·JournalMicrobiome·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 13, 2021
Researchers from EMBL Heidelberg and University of Tübingen discovered that certain antibiotics, like tetracyclines and macrolides, can kill specific gut microbes. Combining antibiotics with non-antibiotic drugs may reduce collateral damage by preserving antibiotic activity against pathogens.
SourceEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 13, 2021
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Researchers analyzed fecal metagenomic DNA sequencing data to see if specific donor strains correlated with successful treatment outcomes. They found no correlation between donor strains and response to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients.
SourceUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham·JournalBMC Microbiology·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateOct 7, 2021
A study by University of South Florida Health researchers suggests that fenchol, a natural compound in basil, can help reduce neurotoxic amyloid-beta in the brain. Fenchol stimulates FFAR2 signaling, reducing senescent neuronal cells and increasing Aβ degradation.
SourceUniversity of South Florida (USF Health)·JournalFrontiers in Aging Neuroscience·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 5, 2021
Aging significantly alters the small bowel microbiome, leading to critical changes. Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center examined age-related shifts in the gut microbiome, highlighting the importance of understanding these changes.
SourceCedars-Sinai Medical Center·JournalCell Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 1, 2021
Research found that human gut bacteria resist Vibrio cholerae attacks using various strategies, including polysaccharide capsules and self-killing mechanisms. The study suggests a potential for designing T6SS-shielded probiotic strains to restore defective colonization barriers.
SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalNature Communications·DateOct 1, 2021
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A new study found that a healthy gut microbiome is essential for skeletal muscles to grow after exercise. Researchers used mice with antibiotics to disrupt the microbiome, showing reduced muscle growth compared to healthy mice. The findings support previous studies linking the gut microbiome to muscle health.
SourceThe Physiological Society·JournalThe Journal of Physiology·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 26, 2021
A new study from Institute for Systems Biology (ISB) reveals that the genetic capacity of the gut microbiome is strongly associated with weight loss success or failure. Microbiomes of those who lost weight had higher bacterial growth rates and were enriched in genes that divert dietary nutrients toward bacterial cell growth. In contras...
SourceInstitute for Systems Biology·JournalmSystems·DateSep 14, 2021
A nationwide study suggests that a family's socio-economic status can shape the health of young children by influencing the diversity of their gut microbiome. The study found that parents with higher education levels had children with a higher abundance of certain beneficial microbes, which could have long-term implications for health.
SourceThe Translational Genomics Research Institute·JournalMicroorganisms·DateSep 13, 2021
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A study found that gut microbiome profiles in children from the Democratic Republic of Congo reveal high glucosidase and low rhodanese microbes, which could increase susceptibility to konzo. The researchers plan to further investigate sibling pairs to confirm their findings.
SourceChildren's National Hospital·JournalNature Communications·DateSep 10, 2021
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have applied a similar mindset when advising live biotherapeutic product developer YSOPIA Bioscience. This collaboration has provided valuable regulatory feedback for the company's clinical development efforts. The review highlights the need for harmonize...
SourcePharmabiotic Research Institute (PRI)·JournalFrontiers in Medicine·TypeCase study·DateSep 9, 2021
Researchers found that certain species of gut bacteria accumulate human drugs, altering their types, activity, and metabolism. This can change the effectiveness of the drug both directly and indirectly, affecting side effects.
SourceUK Research and Innovation·JournalNature·DateSep 8, 2021
A biomedical sciences researcher is studying the impact of environment on gut microbiota, immunity, and inflammation in a novel mouse model system. The goal is to define changes in the gut microbiota and mucosal immune system in relation to intestinal inflammation and colon cancer.
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A UC Riverside-led study identifies how loss-of-function mutations in the gene PTPN2 affect intestinal epithelial cells' ability to maintain a barrier. The researchers found that increased fluid loss and diarrhea are linked to the mutation, which can be reversed by treating cells with synthetic matriptase.
SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 2, 2021
A new NIH grant will fund research on how beneficial microbes in infant gut use nitrogen from human milk to support pediatric nutrition and development. The study aims to understand the interactions between mother's diet, breast milk, and infant needs, as well as the role of probiotics and maternal lifestyle.
A recent study suggests that the gut microbiome plays a significant role in mental health, with disruptions in beneficial microorganisms linked to depressive disorders. The researchers propose a multifaceted approach to manage depression through rebalancing and maintaining the gut microbiome using diet, probiotics, and lifestyle changes.
SourceUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center·JournalFrontiers in Nutrition·TypeContent analysis·DateAug 25, 2021
A new study published in Hypertension Journal Report found that flavonoid-rich foods, including berries and wine, can lower blood pressure by modulating the gut microbiome. The study of 904 adults suggested that increasing flavonoid intake may be a valuable strategy for preventing hypertension.
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Research from APC Microbiome Ireland discovers microbes can rejuvenate aspects of brain and immune function, potentially slowing down age-related cognitive decline. The study introduces a novel approach to reverse brain aging via microbial-based interventions.
SourceUniversity College Cork·JournalNature Aging·DateAug 9, 2021
A study by Duke University researchers found antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the guts of lemurs living close to humans. The closer the contact, the more resistant bugs were found. Proximity to humans determined the type and abundance of resistance genes acquired.
SourceDuke University·JournalFrontiers in Ecology and Evolution·TypeObservational study·DateAug 9, 2021
A new study published in Genome Biology found that the ability of gut bacteria to produce spores is associated with their adaptation to humans. Bacteria that can produce spores have larger genomes and are less abundant in the gut, while those that cannot have smaller genomes and are more adapted to human hosts.
SourceWellcome Trust Sanger Institute·JournalGenome Biology·DateAug 4, 2021
Research reveals significant differences in gut microbiomes worldwide, impacting immune responses and susceptibility to infections. The study found that microbial composition alone can impact immune resilience, with Guatemala's microbiome proving most resistant.
SourceCornell University·JournalCell Reports·DateJul 28, 2021
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A study published in Gut journal found that children with autism have a distinctive and underdeveloped range of gut bacteria, significantly fewer linked to neurotransmitter activity. This characteristic microbial profile may play a role in social behaviors and warrants further investigation.
A diet rich in isoflavone may provide protection against multiple sclerosis-like symptoms when combined with specific gut bacteria that can break down the compound. The study found that mice fed an isoflavone diet had a microbiome similar to healthy individuals, while those without it lacked beneficial bacteria.
SourceUniversity of Iowa Health Care·JournalScience Advances·DateJul 13, 2021
A recent study found that genetics plays a nearly universal role in shaping the gut microbiome of wild baboons, with heritability estimates strongly correlated between humans and baboons. The researchers discovered that microbiome traits are dynamic and context-dependent, varying by diet diversity, season, and host age.
SourceUniversity of Minnesota·JournalScience·DateJul 12, 2021
The study reveals that harnessing the microbiome and its associated metabolic pathways could provide a useful approach to treating Alzheimer's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Probiotic treatment improved ALS symptoms in mice and humans, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.
SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateJul 8, 2021
Researchers discover new insights into gut-brain axis, finding microbiome manipulation may treat devastating neurological disorders. Probiotic treatment improves ALS symptoms by restoring gene expression patterns and function.
SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateJul 8, 2021
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A University of Notre Dame study found that most gut microbiome traits are heritable, with 97% variation influenced by genetics. The research team discovered that environmental factors also play a significant role in shaping the microbiome, particularly across seasons and age.
SourceUniversity of Notre Dame·JournalScience·DateJul 8, 2021
A double-blind, randomized trial found that patients with severe obesity and metabolic syndrome had improved insulin sensitivity after receiving a fecal microbial transplant followed by daily fibre supplements. The study, led by Professor Karen Madsen, suggests that the microbiome can be targeted to improve human health.
SourceUniversity of Alberta Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry·JournalNature Medicine·DateJul 6, 2021
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital developed a probiotic yeast that can target inflammation, tissue scarring, and balance issues in the gut. The 'Y-bots' probiotic successfully suppressed intestinal inflammation and restored a balanced gut microbiome in mice.
SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalNature Medicine·DateJun 28, 2021
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Researchers found that a low-tryptophan diet increased systemic inflammation and altered the gut microbiome in aged mice. The study suggests that a balanced metabolite mix may be essential for maintaining optimal gut function.
SourceMedical College of Georgia at Augusta University·JournalInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences·DateJun 24, 2021
Researchers developed a new dietary fiber formulation that modulates the gut microbiome, improving potency of immunotherapies against cancer. The inulin gel doubled the rate of tumor eradication in rodents with colon carcinoma and melanoma, expanding beneficial microbes in the gastrointestinal tract.
SourceUniversity of Michigan·JournalNature Biomedical Engineering·DateJun 24, 2021
A low-calorie diet significantly alters the composition of the human gut microbiome, leading to changes in nutrient absorption and influencing weight control. The study found that specific bacteria, such as Clostridioides difficile, play a role in this process.
SourceCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin·JournalNature·DateJun 23, 2021
A Rutgers-led study found that C-section babies can be restored to healthy bacteria through exposure to maternal vaginal fluids. The study's results suggest a normalization of microbiome development in the first year of life and may offer disease protection against obesity, asthma, and metabolic diseases.
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Researchers will explore the beginning of human life, the role of gut bacteria, and collective intelligence in honeybees. Experts from various fields will share their findings on protein biochemistry, glycobiology, and epigenetic regulation, among other topics.
Researchers investigated bacterial persistence in the human gut microbiome, identifying three dispersal strategies and finding that most strains are highly persistent. The study's results will inform targeted probiotic and treatment approaches to maintain a healthy gut microbiome.
SourceEarlham Institute·JournalCell Host & Microbe·DateJun 14, 2021
Research highlights the connection between discrimination and altered gut microbiomes, which can impact metabolic and immune functions. The study's authors emphasize the need for further investigation into the relationship between the human gut microbiome and health inequities.
SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 14, 2021
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A new study at Northwestern University suggests that environmental inequities may lead to health disparities through the gut microbiome. Minoritized populations are more likely to have lower microbial diversity and associated health risks due to limited access to green space.
SourceNorthwestern University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 14, 2021
A new study from Michigan State University found that infants' gut microbiomes are associated with their fear responses, which can be indicators of future mental health. The researchers discovered that specific features of the gut microbiome, such as uneven balances of bacteria, were linked to stronger fear reactions.
SourceMichigan State University·JournalNature Communications·DateJun 4, 2021
A Northwestern University study found that specific types of gut bacteria can protect other good bacteria from cancer treatments. By metabolizing chemotherapy drugs, these protective bacteria can temper short- and long-term side effects of treatment, potentially leading to new dietary supplements or probiotics.
SourceNorthwestern University·JournalmSphere·DateMay 26, 2021
Scientists have discovered dramatic differences in gut microbiomes between ancient North American peoples and modern industrialized populations. The analysis of human paleofeces from dry caves reveals novel species of microbes and higher numbers of transposases, which may help microbes adapt to changing environments.
A large population-level study analyzed stool samples from over 7,000 Finnish adults and found that certain bacterial strains in the gut microbiota were associated with increased mortality risk. The study's machine learning algorithm identified specific microbial species linked to a shorter lifespan.
SourceUniversity of Turku·JournalNature Communications·DateMay 12, 2021
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A study published in Nature found that ancient people's gut microbiomes were more diverse and had fewer antibiotic-resistant genes compared to modern populations. The research suggests that a more diverse diet and lifestyle may have contributed to this difference.
SourceThe University of Montana·JournalNature·DateMay 12, 2021
Research suggests that an imbalance in gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, may play a significant role in the progression of Hidradenitis Suppurativa. The study found reduced abundance of certain bacteria in HS patients, leading to an inflammatory response.
Experts warn that rewilding the modern gut microbiota without careful consideration of microbial evolution could lead to health problems. Restoring the preindustrialized microbiome may not necessarily improve health, but rather reflect adaptive responses to industrial society.
SourceAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)·JournalScience·DateApr 29, 2021
Researchers have discovered a sulfosugar from green vegetables that stimulates the growth of key gut bacteria, producing energy-rich compounds. This finding has implications for understanding the interactions between nutrition and the microbiome, potentially leading to new therapeutic strategies.
SourceUniversity of Vienna·JournalThe ISME Journal·DateApr 9, 2021
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A study by researchers at the University of Konstanz and Vienna discovered that specialized gut bacteria cooperate to process sulfoquinovose, a sulfonic acid derivative found in green vegetables. The analysis revealed that this process produces hydrogen sulfide, which has disparate effects on human health.
SourceUniversity of Konstanz·JournalThe ISME Journal·DateApr 9, 2021
A study found that cesarean-born infants have less diverse gut microbiota at birth but catch up with their peers by age 3-5. The intestinal microbiota forms an ecosystem that takes years to mature, and its development can vary significantly among children.
SourceUniversity of Gothenburg·JournalCell Host & Microbe·DateApr 1, 2021
Children's gut microbiota largely reaches adult composition by five years, but important differences remain. Key bacterial taxa are acquired late in childhood and may affect health later in life.
SourceCell Press·JournalCell Host & Microbe·DateMar 31, 2021
A new study from MIT-led researchers found that people living in industrialized societies have gut bacteria that swap genes at much higher rates. This phenomenon occurs more frequently due to specific diets and lifestyles, potentially leading to intestinal health issues.
SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalCell·DateMar 31, 2021
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A new study reveals a connection between wisdom, loneliness and gut microbial diversity. Participants with lower levels of loneliness and higher levels of wisdom had greater phylogenetic richness and diversity in their gut microbiome. A more diverse gut microbiota may promote better resilience and stability.
SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalFrontiers in Psychiatry·DateMar 25, 2021
A two-week dietary intervention increased fiber intake, altering gut microbial composition and short-chain fatty acids production. Researchers found a significant increase in Bifidobacterium abundance despite no detectable shift in fatty acid levels.
SourceUniversity of California - Irvine·JournalmSystems·DateMar 25, 2021
A study published in eLife found that domestication has a consistent effect on the gut microbiota of animals, similar to the effects of industrialisation in human populations. The research highlights the flexibility of the gut microbiota and its ability to respond to ecological changes.
A four-year federal grant of over $2 million is being awarded to Dr. Andrew Gewirtz at Georgia State University to investigate the role of inflammation and altered gut microbiota in the development of metabolic syndrome.
Researchers developed a mouse Intestine-on-Chip platform to study host-microbiome interactions, confirming that Enterococcus faecium promotes tolerance to S. typhimurium infection in mice. The technology mimics human Intestine Chips, enabling real-time analysis of normal and pathological processes.
SourceWyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard·JournalFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·DateMar 15, 2021
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New research suggests that microbes in the gut contribute to symptoms associated with complex neurological disorders, and modulating the gut microbiome improves social behavior but not hyperactivity. The study opens the possibility of treating other conditions like cancer, diabetes, and viral infections with microbiome-targeted therapies.
SourceBaylor College of Medicine·JournalCell·DateMar 10, 2021
A study found that the gut microbiome can predict changes in glucose regulation, particularly related to insulin levels and secretion. The study suggests that certain microbes may be useful for predicting disease progression and informs future research.