Articles tagged with Human Gut Microbiota
A new study links the composition of gut microbiome before infection to HIV susceptibility and progression. Men who contracted HIV in the early days of the pandemic had a greater relative abundance of pro-inflammatory vs. anti-inflammatory gut microbes, which contributed to their increased risk of developing AIDS.
Researchers have discovered a specific type of gut bacteria in bees that can improve memory, with bumblebees showing enhanced memory when fed this bacteria. The study suggests a causal link between the gut microbiome and cognitive abilities, opening up possibilities for similar effects in humans.
Research using ring-tailed lemurs shows that fecal microbiota transplants can stabilize and restore a healthy gut microbiome after antibiotic use. The study confirms the effectiveness of this ancient treatment for reducing the negative effects of antibiotics on the gut, which can cause severe diarrhea and abdominal pain.
An international research team discovered that intestinal bacteria can distribute their metabolic products throughout the body via the bloodstream using membrane vesicles. The study found that these vesicles can overcome the blood-brain barrier and enter brain cells, suggesting a new method for delivering drugs or vaccines.
A new Dartmouth-led study found a direct association between the infant microbiome and early childhood behavioral health, with sex-specific differences. The study characterized the species of microbes present in each participant's gut and their functions, establishing that microbiome changes occur before behavioral changes.
A recent study published in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases reveals a link between systemic lupus erythematosus and an altered gut microbiome. Researchers at Osaka University identified two species of Streptococcus bacteria significantly increased in SLE patients, which can affect the body's functions by altering plasma metabolites. T...
Researchers have identified a link between certain gut microbiome molecules and the immune system protein P-gp, which plays a critical role in gut inflammation. The study suggests that supporting a healthy balance of microbes in the gut may help regulate P-gp expression and prevent chronic inflammation.
Researchers from EMBL Heidelberg and University of Tübingen discovered that certain antibiotics, like tetracyclines and macrolides, can kill specific gut microbes. Combining antibiotics with non-antibiotic drugs may reduce collateral damage by preserving antibiotic activity against pathogens.
Researchers developed an integrated framework combining single-cell and metagenomics to characterize microbes. The approach showed higher accuracy and precise binning, revealing more bacterial genera and intra-species diversity.
Researchers analyzed fecal metagenomic DNA sequencing data to see if specific donor strains correlated with successful treatment outcomes. They found no correlation between donor strains and response to anti-PD-1 therapy in melanoma patients.
A study by University of South Florida Health researchers suggests that fenchol, a natural compound in basil, can help reduce neurotoxic amyloid-beta in the brain. Fenchol stimulates FFAR2 signaling, reducing senescent neuronal cells and increasing Aβ degradation.
Aging significantly alters the small bowel microbiome, leading to critical changes. Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center examined age-related shifts in the gut microbiome, highlighting the importance of understanding these changes.
Research found that human gut bacteria resist Vibrio cholerae attacks using various strategies, including polysaccharide capsules and self-killing mechanisms. The study suggests a potential for designing T6SS-shielded probiotic strains to restore defective colonization barriers.
A new study found that a healthy gut microbiome is essential for skeletal muscles to grow after exercise. Researchers used mice with antibiotics to disrupt the microbiome, showing reduced muscle growth compared to healthy mice. The findings support previous studies linking the gut microbiome to muscle health.
A new study from Institute for Systems Biology (ISB) reveals that the genetic capacity of the gut microbiome is strongly associated with weight loss success or failure. Microbiomes of those who lost weight had higher bacterial growth rates and were enriched in genes that divert dietary nutrients toward bacterial cell growth. In contras...
A nationwide study suggests that a family's socio-economic status can shape the health of young children by influencing the diversity of their gut microbiome. The study found that parents with higher education levels had children with a higher abundance of certain beneficial microbes, which could have long-term implications for health.
A study found that gut microbiome profiles in children from the Democratic Republic of Congo reveal high glucosidase and low rhodanese microbes, which could increase susceptibility to konzo. The researchers plan to further investigate sibling pairs to confirm their findings.
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have applied a similar mindset when advising live biotherapeutic product developer YSOPIA Bioscience. This collaboration has provided valuable regulatory feedback for the company's clinical development efforts. The review highlights the need for harmonize...
Researchers found that certain species of gut bacteria accumulate human drugs, altering their types, activity, and metabolism. This can change the effectiveness of the drug both directly and indirectly, affecting side effects.
A biomedical sciences researcher is studying the impact of environment on gut microbiota, immunity, and inflammation in a novel mouse model system. The goal is to define changes in the gut microbiota and mucosal immune system in relation to intestinal inflammation and colon cancer.
A UC Riverside-led study identifies how loss-of-function mutations in the gene PTPN2 affect intestinal epithelial cells' ability to maintain a barrier. The researchers found that increased fluid loss and diarrhea are linked to the mutation, which can be reversed by treating cells with synthetic matriptase.
A new NIH grant will fund research on how beneficial microbes in infant gut use nitrogen from human milk to support pediatric nutrition and development. The study aims to understand the interactions between mother's diet, breast milk, and infant needs, as well as the role of probiotics and maternal lifestyle.
A recent study suggests that the gut microbiome plays a significant role in mental health, with disruptions in beneficial microorganisms linked to depressive disorders. The researchers propose a multifaceted approach to manage depression through rebalancing and maintaining the gut microbiome using diet, probiotics, and lifestyle changes.
A new study published in Hypertension Journal Report found that flavonoid-rich foods, including berries and wine, can lower blood pressure by modulating the gut microbiome. The study of 904 adults suggested that increasing flavonoid intake may be a valuable strategy for preventing hypertension.
Research from APC Microbiome Ireland discovers microbes can rejuvenate aspects of brain and immune function, potentially slowing down age-related cognitive decline. The study introduces a novel approach to reverse brain aging via microbial-based interventions.
A study by Duke University researchers found antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the guts of lemurs living close to humans. The closer the contact, the more resistant bugs were found. Proximity to humans determined the type and abundance of resistance genes acquired.
A new study published in Genome Biology found that the ability of gut bacteria to produce spores is associated with their adaptation to humans. Bacteria that can produce spores have larger genomes and are less abundant in the gut, while those that cannot have smaller genomes and are more adapted to human hosts.
Research reveals significant differences in gut microbiomes worldwide, impacting immune responses and susceptibility to infections. The study found that microbial composition alone can impact immune resilience, with Guatemala's microbiome proving most resistant.
A study published in Gut journal found that children with autism have a distinctive and underdeveloped range of gut bacteria, significantly fewer linked to neurotransmitter activity. This characteristic microbial profile may play a role in social behaviors and warrants further investigation.
A diet rich in isoflavone may provide protection against multiple sclerosis-like symptoms when combined with specific gut bacteria that can break down the compound. The study found that mice fed an isoflavone diet had a microbiome similar to healthy individuals, while those without it lacked beneficial bacteria.
A recent study found that genetics plays a nearly universal role in shaping the gut microbiome of wild baboons, with heritability estimates strongly correlated between humans and baboons. The researchers discovered that microbiome traits are dynamic and context-dependent, varying by diet diversity, season, and host age.
The study reveals that harnessing the microbiome and its associated metabolic pathways could provide a useful approach to treating Alzheimer's disease and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Probiotic treatment improved ALS symptoms in mice and humans, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.
Researchers discover new insights into gut-brain axis, finding microbiome manipulation may treat devastating neurological disorders. Probiotic treatment improves ALS symptoms by restoring gene expression patterns and function.
A University of Notre Dame study found that most gut microbiome traits are heritable, with 97% variation influenced by genetics. The research team discovered that environmental factors also play a significant role in shaping the microbiome, particularly across seasons and age.
A double-blind, randomized trial found that patients with severe obesity and metabolic syndrome had improved insulin sensitivity after receiving a fecal microbial transplant followed by daily fibre supplements. The study, led by Professor Karen Madsen, suggests that the microbiome can be targeted to improve human health.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital developed a probiotic yeast that can target inflammation, tissue scarring, and balance issues in the gut. The 'Y-bots' probiotic successfully suppressed intestinal inflammation and restored a balanced gut microbiome in mice.
Researchers developed a new dietary fiber formulation that modulates the gut microbiome, improving potency of immunotherapies against cancer. The inulin gel doubled the rate of tumor eradication in rodents with colon carcinoma and melanoma, expanding beneficial microbes in the gastrointestinal tract.
Researchers found that a low-tryptophan diet increased systemic inflammation and altered the gut microbiome in aged mice. The study suggests that a balanced metabolite mix may be essential for maintaining optimal gut function.
A low-calorie diet significantly alters the composition of the human gut microbiome, leading to changes in nutrient absorption and influencing weight control. The study found that specific bacteria, such as Clostridioides difficile, play a role in this process.
A Rutgers-led study found that C-section babies can be restored to healthy bacteria through exposure to maternal vaginal fluids. The study's results suggest a normalization of microbiome development in the first year of life and may offer disease protection against obesity, asthma, and metabolic diseases.
Researchers will explore the beginning of human life, the role of gut bacteria, and collective intelligence in honeybees. Experts from various fields will share their findings on protein biochemistry, glycobiology, and epigenetic regulation, among other topics.
Research highlights the connection between discrimination and altered gut microbiomes, which can impact metabolic and immune functions. The study's authors emphasize the need for further investigation into the relationship between the human gut microbiome and health inequities.
A new study at Northwestern University suggests that environmental inequities may lead to health disparities through the gut microbiome. Minoritized populations are more likely to have lower microbial diversity and associated health risks due to limited access to green space.
Researchers investigated bacterial persistence in the human gut microbiome, identifying three dispersal strategies and finding that most strains are highly persistent. The study's results will inform targeted probiotic and treatment approaches to maintain a healthy gut microbiome.
A new study from Michigan State University found that infants' gut microbiomes are associated with their fear responses, which can be indicators of future mental health. The researchers discovered that specific features of the gut microbiome, such as uneven balances of bacteria, were linked to stronger fear reactions.
A Northwestern University study found that specific types of gut bacteria can protect other good bacteria from cancer treatments. By metabolizing chemotherapy drugs, these protective bacteria can temper short- and long-term side effects of treatment, potentially leading to new dietary supplements or probiotics.
Scientists have discovered dramatic differences in gut microbiomes between ancient North American peoples and modern industrialized populations. The analysis of human paleofeces from dry caves reveals novel species of microbes and higher numbers of transposases, which may help microbes adapt to changing environments.
A large population-level study analyzed stool samples from over 7,000 Finnish adults and found that certain bacterial strains in the gut microbiota were associated with increased mortality risk. The study's machine learning algorithm identified specific microbial species linked to a shorter lifespan.
A study published in Nature found that ancient people's gut microbiomes were more diverse and had fewer antibiotic-resistant genes compared to modern populations. The research suggests that a more diverse diet and lifestyle may have contributed to this difference.
Research suggests that an imbalance in gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, may play a significant role in the progression of Hidradenitis Suppurativa. The study found reduced abundance of certain bacteria in HS patients, leading to an inflammatory response.
Experts warn that rewilding the modern gut microbiota without careful consideration of microbial evolution could lead to health problems. Restoring the preindustrialized microbiome may not necessarily improve health, but rather reflect adaptive responses to industrial society.
Researchers have discovered a sulfosugar from green vegetables that stimulates the growth of key gut bacteria, producing energy-rich compounds. This finding has implications for understanding the interactions between nutrition and the microbiome, potentially leading to new therapeutic strategies.
A study by researchers at the University of Konstanz and Vienna discovered that specialized gut bacteria cooperate to process sulfoquinovose, a sulfonic acid derivative found in green vegetables. The analysis revealed that this process produces hydrogen sulfide, which has disparate effects on human health.
A study found that cesarean-born infants have less diverse gut microbiota at birth but catch up with their peers by age 3-5. The intestinal microbiota forms an ecosystem that takes years to mature, and its development can vary significantly among children.
Children's gut microbiota largely reaches adult composition by five years, but important differences remain. Key bacterial taxa are acquired late in childhood and may affect health later in life.
A new study from MIT-led researchers found that people living in industrialized societies have gut bacteria that swap genes at much higher rates. This phenomenon occurs more frequently due to specific diets and lifestyles, potentially leading to intestinal health issues.
A new study reveals a connection between wisdom, loneliness and gut microbial diversity. Participants with lower levels of loneliness and higher levels of wisdom had greater phylogenetic richness and diversity in their gut microbiome. A more diverse gut microbiota may promote better resilience and stability.
A two-week dietary intervention increased fiber intake, altering gut microbial composition and short-chain fatty acids production. Researchers found a significant increase in Bifidobacterium abundance despite no detectable shift in fatty acid levels.
A study published in eLife found that domestication has a consistent effect on the gut microbiota of animals, similar to the effects of industrialisation in human populations. The research highlights the flexibility of the gut microbiota and its ability to respond to ecological changes.
A four-year federal grant of over $2 million is being awarded to Dr. Andrew Gewirtz at Georgia State University to investigate the role of inflammation and altered gut microbiota in the development of metabolic syndrome.