Microbial Genetics

Follow-up funding for two Collaborative Research Centres at the University of Cologne

“Not just hot water”: marine heatwaves can create toxic relationship between seagrasses and microbes

Researchers found a diverse bacterial ecosystem in seagrass habitats that was disrupted by increased water temperature, leading to reduced seagrass biomass and tolerance to climate change. The study highlights the importance of considering microbial communities in understanding marine plant responses to environmental stress.

New tool tracks how microbes spread — even when they look almost identical

Researchers developed a new tool called TRAnsmision Clustering of Strains (TRACS) to track the spread of disease-causing microbes using genomics. The tool distinguishes between closely related bacterial strains and can identify transmission networks and rule out events in ongoing public health applications.

Prestigious HFSP grant awarded to Hebrew University Researcher

A team led by Prof. Orna Amster-Choder will investigate rapid physical and chemical changes in bacterial cells to adapt to stress, challenging traditional assumptions about gene expression.

Oral-gut axis points to salivary biomarkers for early gastric cancer detection

A recent study identified distinct microbial signatures in the oral cavity and gut that serve as robust biomarkers for early gastric cancer detection. These microbial markers can be detected in saliva or stool samples using machine learning models, achieving an AUROC of 0.87 for saliva-based detection.

Robotics meets genetics: Joining forces to explore Fusarium

Two junior research groups at Leibniz-HKI are combining robotics and genetics to discover new antifungal agents against Fusarium. By integrating automated screening experiments and genetic analysis, they aim to identify potential drug candidates and uncover the genetic basis of Fusarium virulence.

Researchers uncover hidden genetic world in Antarctic Waters

Researchers have completed the most comprehensive survey of DNA associated with plankton in the Southern Ocean, revealing a vast genetic diversity that affects the carbon cycle. The study sheds light on the role of microbial ecosystems in climate change and highlights the need to understand how these genes control ocean chemistry.

FAU researchers discover novel bacteria in Florida’s stranded pygmy sperm whales

Researchers have identified three previously unknown genotypes of Helicobacter bacteria in pygmy sperm whales stranded along the southeastern US coast. The discovery raises new questions about microbial pathogens on ocean health and their impact on vulnerable species.

Eleven genetic variants affect gut microbiome

Researchers identified 11 genetic regions influencing gut bacteria and roles they play, including connections to gluten intolerance, haemorrhoids, and cardiovascular diseases. The study analyzed genetic data from over 28,000 individuals, providing insights into the complex relationship between genes and gut microbiome.

Probiotics for plants

Research reveals that probiotics can enhance root development and nitrogen uptake in plants, improving growth without excess fertilizer use. The Sphingopyxis genus supports plant function, offering a potential solution to reduce environmental impact of agriculture.

New study shows how light suppresses virulence in antibiotic-resistant pathogen

Researchers at the University of Chicago have discovered a light-sensitive signaling cascade in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that suppresses biofilm formation and virulence. The study, published in Nature Communications, identifies a small protein called DimA as the key trigger for this process.

Gamma rays quickly toughen nitrogen‑fixing bacteria

Researchers at QST discovered that controlled gamma-ray mutagenesis can create heat-tolerant nitrogen-fixing bacteria in weeks, shortening development timelines. The method produces robust, climate-ready microbial products for agriculture, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and biofuel production.

Tiny viral switch offers hope against drug-resistant bacteria

Researchers discovered a tiny RNA molecule called PreS that helps viruses copy their DNA more efficiently and boost replication in bacterial cells. This discovery provides important insights for designing smarter phage-based therapies against antibiotic-resistant infections.

New method to accelerate vaccine and drug development for norovirus

Researchers have created a simple and efficient system to understand norovirus gene functions, enabling the development of antivirals and vaccines. The new method involves injecting norovirus cDNA clones into zebrafish embryos to generate infectious human noroviruses.

Social lives of viruses affect antiviral resistance

A study found that viral interactions inside cells influence antiviral resistance outcomes, while a less potent drug may ironically improve its future utility by promoting social interactions in viruses. The researchers suggest a trade-off between hitting the virus hard and allowing resistance to rise.

light vs. dark: Team discovers multicellular cyanobacteria activate different genes by day and by night

Researchers found that filamentous cyanobacteria regulate their metabolism during the day and genome repair at night, revealing a new circadian rhythm in these microorganisms. Their study also uncovered diversity-generating retroelements and mobile genetic elements active throughout the day-night cycle.

A new gateway to global antimicrobial resistance data

The AMR portal connects bacterial genomes, resistance phenotypes, and functional annotations, providing a central hub for global AMR research. It brings together experimental and computational data types, allowing researchers to investigate how genetic variants translate into antimicrobial resistance.

A microbial blueprint for climate-smart cows

A recent study at UC Davis has shown that feeding cows red seaweed can dramatically cut the amount of methane produced, with a 60% reduction in emissions. The research identified specific microbes in the cow's gut that help reduce methane production, opening the door to engineering these microbes for a long-term solution.

New test could speed detection of three serious regional fungal infections

Researchers have developed a molecular test capable of detecting three major pathogenic fungi at once, with a much quicker turnaround than traditional methods. The test bypasses the slow culture process by detecting genetic material directly, eliminating errors and reducing laboratory risk.

Global platform for pandemic preparedness to be established at DTU National Food Institute

The Global Pathogen Analysis Platform (GPAP) will enable low- and middle-income countries to conduct research and surveillance of infectious diseases independently. The platform aims to prevent disease outbreaks from developing into pandemics by detecting genetic sequences of potential pathogens.

Microbes at Red Sea vents show how life and geology shape each other

A new study reveals an unusual microbial world in the Hatiba Mons hydrothermal vent fields, showcasing remarkable metabolic versatility. The microbes present demonstrate a unique ecosystem dominated by iron-driven metabolisms, which drive chemical transformations and sustain life under extreme conditions.

How microbial strain variations influence neurobehavior

Researchers found that hosts harboring different microbial strains exhibited neurobehavioral differences. The study identified 34 significant associations between microbial single nucleotide variations and host plasma metabolites, primarily related to key physiological processes such as neuroactive regulation and oxidative stress.

Little-known strep bacteria behind growing number of severe infections

A new study reveals rising rates of invasive SDSE infections across Australia, particularly among older Australians and those from remote regions. The research highlights disparities in health outcomes between regions and populations, emphasizing the need for improved surveillance and prevention strategies.

Map of bacterial gene interactions reveals potential drug targets

Researchers have developed a new technique called Dual transposon sequencing to rapidly identify genetic interactions in bacteria. This method reveals vulnerabilities that could be targeted by future antibiotics.

Experimental mapping of bacterial growth reveals evolutionary and ecological patterns

Researchers mapped bacterial growth in 195 environments, revealing consistent links between growth patterns and ecological traits like habitat and distribution. The study's findings suggest that controlled experiments can uncover mechanisms of ecological and evolutionary adaptation.

Maternal gut microbiome composition may be linked to preterm births

A study published in Cell Host & Microbe found a significant link between the maternal gut microbiome and preterm birth. The researchers identified Clostridium innocuum as a key bacteria species that may contribute to preterm birth by degrading estradiol, a critical hormone during pregnancy.

Researchers capture new antibiotic resistance mechanisms with trace amounts of DNA

Scientists developed a method to isolate genes from tiny amounts of microbial DNA, revealing previously unknown antibiotic resistance genes. The researchers discovered new types of efflux pumps and an entirely new family of streptothricin resistance proteins in bacterial DNA isolated from human stool and aquarium samples.

Tiny ocean partnership between algae and bacteria reveals secrets of evolution

Researchers studied a microscopic alliance between algae and cyanobacteria to understand how bacteria lose genes and adapt to increasing host dependence. The study found that the level of integration between the symbionts affects genome size, gene content, and metabolic pathways.

Bee and frog proteins: nature’s double defense against farm superbugs

Researchers have discovered that combining antimicrobial peptides from bees and frogs can prevent bacteria from mutating quickly, making them a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics. This finding could lead to safer disease control in livestock and agricultural settings.

A rare form of leprosy existed in the Americas for thousands of years

A new study has reconstructed two 4000-year-old genomes from Mycobacterium lepromatosis, a rare pathogen that caused Hansen's Disease in the Americas. The discovery challenges historical records of leprosy's impact on population health and its origins in the continent.

Researchers identify genetic bottlenecks that explain the emergence of cholera

Researchers have identified genetic bottlenecks that explain the emergence of pandemic cholera strains. These specific combinations of genes and allelic variants grant an advantage in human intestinal colonization, allowing a small subset of Vibrio cholerae to become deadly pathogens.

Vigilance and targeted public health measures are essential in the face of the diphtheria epidemic that has affected vulnerable populations in Western Europe since 2022

A recent study reveals the diphtheria epidemic in Western Europe is primarily caused by contamination during migratory travel or in destination countries, not in the countries of origin. The researchers emphasize the importance of maintaining high levels of vigilance and public health support among vulnerable populations.

Researchers uncover genetic keys to the increasing threat of H9N2 avian influenza

Researchers have identified ten hemagglutinin sub-subclades with distinct antigenic variations, explaining why existing vaccines are ineffective against H9N2 AIVs. Key mutations associated with increased infectivity and pathogenicity in mammals have also been found.

Modulation of antiviral response in fungi via RNA editing

A study by University of Fukui researchers reveals that two adjacent gene pairs in Neurospora crassa regulate antiviral response and symptom induction via RNA editing. The findings indicate that the modification of master transcription factor genes is crucial for controlling fungal antiviral responses.

New molecular movie reveals how antibiotic resistance to fusidic acid works

Researchers from Uppsala University describe a fundamental mechanism of antibiotic resistance, revealing how FusB works like a crowbar to rescue ribosomes from fusidic acid. The study provides new insights into the most prevalent type of fusidic acid resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.

Could the goo and gunk in your home be solutions to climate change?

Researchers have found new organisms that can capture carbon dioxide and clean pollutants from the environment. By exploring extremophiles in homes, scientists can gain insights into their unique characteristics and develop sustainable solutions.

Grains of truth: New focus issue explores how pathogens and pests of cereal crops undermine global food security

The latest focus issue of Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions explores the molecular, cellular, and genomic details of cereal crop diseases, highlighting key research on plant-pathogen interactions. Groundbreaking work has advanced the field, offering new insights into disease resistance and management strategies.

Illinois researchers spearhead efforts to establish guidelines for personalized nutrition approaches

Researchers developed guiding principles for personalized nutrition approaches addressing users and beneficiaries, data collection and handling, methodology, and purpose. They also addressed the opportunities and challenges around data and regulatory issues in the field of personalized nutrition.

Sulfur bacteria team up to break down organic substances in the seabed

Researchers discovered that sulfur bacteria from the Desulfobacteraceae family work together like a team to break down diverse organic compounds. By analyzing six strains, they found similar molecular strategies and a highly energy-efficient central metabolism pathway, enabling them to thrive in oxygen-free environments.

Professor Cristobal Uauy appointed as Director of the John Innes Centre

Professor Uauy brings extensive experience in wheat genetic research and genomics to lead the institute's ambition to deliver Healthy Plants, Healthy People, Healthy Planet. His vision for plant science will ensure global agricultural challenges are addressed through interdisciplinary science.

Study reveals root-lesion nematodes in maize crops - and one potential new species

A new study has identified five species of root-lesion nematodes in maize fields across New Zealand, revealing significant diversity and regional distribution patterns. The discovery highlights the need for targeted pest management strategies to protect crop yields and maintain agricultural productivity.

Syphilis had its roots in the Americas

Researchers have analyzed ancient DNA from Mexico, Chile, Peru, and Argentina to determine the origin of syphilis. The study found that syphilis-like infections occurred in the Americas for millennia and supports an American origin for the disease.

Could we engineer stability in the microbiome? New research opens the door

Researchers discovered a set of genes in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum that enable it to stably attach to host tissue, revolutionizing our understanding of microbiome colonization. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of targeted probiotics and improved gut health.

Researchers catalog the microbiome of US rivers

Researchers have cataloged the microbiome of US rivers, finding high levels of antibiotic resistance genes near wastewater treatment plants. The study also reveals that microbes play a significant role in shaping river health and can predict water quality under current and future scenarios.

Winners of Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2024 announced

The winners of the Applied Microbiology International Horizon Awards 2024 have been named, including the One Health Microbiome Center at Penn State and researchers Dr. François Thomas and Dr. Helen Onyeaka.

Beneficial gut microbe has surprising metabolic capabilities

Researchers discovered a beneficial gut bacterium that produces an enzyme capable of metabolizing key molecules involved in regulating appetite, immune responses, and neuronal function. The discovery highlights the importance of gut microbes in human physiology and may lead to new strategies for maintaining health and treating diseases.

City microbes surviving on disinfectants, research reveals

A new study has identified novel strains of microbes that have adapted to use limited resources in cities, including those found in Hong Kong's subways and skin. These microbes can metabolize manufactured products, posing health risks if they are pathogenic.

Improved epidemic monitoring via sewage

A new study from European universities has developed a method to analyze wastewater data from seven major cities, identifying thousands of disease-causing bacteria, viruses, and antimicrobial resistance. This approach can detect potential health threats simultaneously, potentially preventing epidemics from escalating into outbreaks.

Study shows how oceans are key to addressing global challenges

Researchers have analyzed over 43,200 ocean microbial genomes, uncovering a wide range of diversity and new insights into immune system adaptations. The study provides new enzymes that can break down common plastics and antimicrobials to combat antibiotic resistance.

What’s in the microbiome of the foods we eat?

Researchers have developed a comprehensive database of the 'food microbiome' by sequencing metagenomes from 2,533 foods, identifying 10,899 food-associated microbes. The study shows that these microbes can influence human health and provide insights into how to improve food quality, safety, and authenticity.

TB under the sea: A marine sponge microbe provides insights into the evolution of tuberculosis

Researchers discovered a non-virulent bacterium, Mycobacterium spongiae, that shares 80% of its genetic material with M. tuberculosis, shedding light on the disease's origins. The study provides valuable insights into the evolution and virulence of TB.

Revealing the mysteries within microbial genomes

Scientists have developed a new technique called Boba-seq to study gene function in microbes, allowing for rapid identification of gene traits and properties. The approach enables the analysis of hundreds of thousands of genetic variants simultaneously, providing insights into microbial genomes.

Which strains of tuberculosis are the most infectious?

Researchers found that close household contacts of people diagnosed with geographically restricted TB strains had a lower rate of infection and active TB disease compared to those exposed to widespread lineages. This suggests a shared evolution between humans and microbes, amplifying the risk for infection.

Nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation

A novel genus, Candidatus Alkanivoras nitrosoreducens, is described as potentially performing nitrite-driven anaerobic ethane oxidation. The study reveals a prospective fumarate addition pathway for anaerobic ethane oxidation and a complete denitrification pathway for nitrite reduction.

Special Issue of Applied Biosafety focuses on synthetic genomics

The special issue explores challenges and opportunities in managing synthetic genomics risks, introducing a common global baseline for nucleic acid synthesis screening. Review articles provide insights into enhancing gene synthesis security and biosecurity practices of synthetic DNA providers.

Barley plants fine-tune their root microbial communities through sugary secretions

A new study found that barley plants recruit distinct microbial communities based on the sugars they secrete from their roots. The custom community of beneficial microbes improves the plants' growth, while differences in gene activity between the two barley types explained the variation in their root communities.

Coral reef microbes point to new way to assess ecosystem health

A new study reveals that ocean acidification changes the mix of microbes in coral reef systems, which can be used as an early indicator of ecosystem stress. The research suggests a novel measurement approach by analyzing microbial communities alongside larger organisms.

First-of-its-kind integrated dataset enables genes-to-ecosystems research

A new dataset has been released that combines molecular information about the poplar tree microbiome with ecosystem-level processes. The dataset provides detailed information on 27 genetically distinct variants of Populus trichocarpa, a bioenergy crop, and includes data on gene expression, soil chemistry, and microbial diversity.

Microalgae with unusual cell biology

Researchers studied Prorocentrum cordatum to understand its molecular processes, revealing a unique photosynthetic machinery that may help it adapt to changing light conditions. The findings could lead to improved understanding of harmful algal blooms and their role in climate change.

Root microbes may be the secret to a better tasting cup of tea

Researchers found that root microbes can boost theanine levels and improve amino acid content in tea plants, leading to better-tasting tea. The discovery could help reduce chemical fertilizer use and promote sustainable agriculture practices.