Articles tagged with Dna Strands
Scientists have identified how the RecA protein guides a broken DNA strand to its matching sequence on double-stranded DNA, allowing for rapid repair. This discovery explains how DNA repair occurs quickly and highlights the importance of this process in maintaining genome stability.
The Wyss Institute team developed a new method to build 3D nanostructures using DNA 'bricks', expanding the repertoire of nanobiotechnology applications in medicine and beyond. The technique enables the creation of complex shapes with sophisticated surface features and intricate interior cavities.
Researchers found that certain 'checkpoint mutants' ignore the normal signal to stop replicating DNA after losing nucleotides, instead continuing to unwind and create damaged DNA strands.
A novel microchip device, inspired by sea creatures' long appendages, can detect and capture rare cancer cells from whole blood patient samples. The device's three-dimensional DNA network targets specific molecules, allowing for efficient cell capture and high purity.
Researchers at UT Dallas have successfully controlled the size of graphene nanopores, enabling potential low-cost DNA sequencing. The achievement could lead to improved disease diagnosis and treatment by allowing tailored drug development based on an individual's genetic code.
Researchers have developed a new method to detect DNA damage using nanopores, which can lead to gene mutations and diseases. The technique can pinpoint damaged sites within a DNA strand, providing valuable insights into disease mechanisms.
A new DNA-based chemical sensor has been developed, capable of discriminating between very similar molecules, even at low concentrations. The system uses carbon nanotubes and fine-tuned DNA strands to produce a measurable electrical signal when exposed to target chemicals.
Researchers have developed a nanoscale sensor that can electronically read the sequence of a single DNA molecule, leading to potential breakthroughs in personalized medicine. The technique is fast and inexpensive, making it possible to reveal predispositions for afflictions like cancer, diabetes, or addiction.
Researchers at NIST create a nanoscale fluidic channel, dubbed the 'nanoslinky,' to control DNA molecule movement and measure its size. The system uses entropophoresis, a phenomenon resembling a Slinky's motion, allowing for separation, concentration, and organization of mixtures.
Researchers fabricated optically active, three-dimensional structures using DNA origami to tailor visible light properties. The study enables the preparation of self-assembling metamaterials and novel optical lens systems.
Scientists have developed a new approach to gene therapy using site-specific recombinases from yeast and phages, allowing for precise genetic modifications. This technique has the potential to improve efficiency and effectiveness of experimental gene therapies while reducing side effects.
Duke University researchers have developed a reusable DNA chip that can synthesize multiple batches of DNA building blocks and fold them into unique nanostructures. They successfully reused the chip tens of times without significant degradation, paving the way for applications in synthetic biology, drug delivery, and nanotechnology.
Scientists at Ohio State University have created a technique called nanochannel electroporation (NEP) that allows for precise injection of genes and proteins into individual cells. The method uses electrical pulses to deliver therapeutic agents, with potential applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a method to build crystalline materials from nanoparticles and DNA, allowing for the creation of new materials with predictable physical properties. The design rules enable controlled crystallization, resulting in a variety of structures with unique properties.
Researchers at NYU have developed a self-replication process using artificial DNA tile motifs, capable of producing complex structures with varying patterns and functions. The breakthrough could lead to the creation of new materials with unique properties.
Researchers at NIST describe using tailored DNA strands to purify armchair carbon nanotubes, essential for 'quantum wires'. This breakthrough enables mass production of these nanotubes, promising 10x better conductivity and lower loss.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt have created two interlocking rings of DNA, measuring 18 nanometers in size, which are suitable as components of molecular machines. The catenan structure is freely pivotable and can be used to arrange and study proteins or other molecules that are too small for direct manipulation.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have discovered the optimal length of DNA strands for self-assembly, overcoming historical challenges. This breakthrough enables the creation of biocompatible, biodegradable drug-delivery vehicles and molecular sensors with significant diagnostic applications.
Researchers at UCSC and Oxford Nanopore Technologies Ltd demonstrate fine control of DNA translocation through a protein nanopore using electronic feedback. This breakthrough advances towards direct, electrical detection and analysis of single molecules for various applications, including DNA sequencing.
A team of researchers at the University of Washington has developed a method for rapid and cost-effective DNA sequencing using nanotechnology, paving the way for personalized medicine. The new technique has the potential to provide detailed genetic information for specific conditions and diseases.
Paul Li's new technique combines DNA microarrays with microfluidic devices, allowing for faster and more efficient DNA analysis at room temperature. The method uses gold nanoparticles to separate single strands of DNA, enabling quicker detection and identification of specific genetic sequences.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a new, carbon-based nanoscale platform to electrically detect single DNA molecules using graphene nanopores. The platform exhibits high resolution and may provide a way to distinguish among DNA bases, enabling a low-cost, high-throughput DNA sequencing technique.
Researchers observe DNA unfolding at high resolution for the first time, revealing two main mechanisms of separation. This breakthrough aims to design drugs that modulate gene activity and DNA replication.
Researchers at NYU and Nanjing University have created a DNA-based assembly line that can efficiently produce novel materials on the nanoscale. The system uses three components: DNA origami, programmable cargo-donating devices, and a DNA walker, allowing for precise control over material creation.
Researchers have created autonomous molecular 'robots' made of DNA that can be programmed to follow a track, start, move, turn and stop. The development could lead to molecular systems used in medical therapeutic devices and reconfigurable robots.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina have discovered that the Ku protein plays a crucial role in repairing damaged DNA strands. This breakthrough has significant implications for understanding the development of cancer and other age-related diseases.
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered that CtIP plays a crucial role in converting DNA damage signals into repair responses. By understanding how CtIP works, scientists hope to develop new cancer treatments and uncover the secrets of DNA repair.
Researchers at Boston University have developed a new DNA sequencing method that reduces the amount of DNA required for analysis, eliminating the need for time-consuming and error-prone DNA amplification. This breakthrough allows for faster and cheaper genome sequencing, enabling the analysis of long DNA strands in one swipe.
Researchers used DNA origami to create molecular breadboards, solving the challenge of organizing carbon nanotubes into nanoscale electronic circuits. The innovative technique exploits DNA's sequence-recognition properties and stickiness to 'stick' carbon nanotubes onto its surface.
Researchers at Ohio State University observed real-time behavior of an enzyme called Dpo4, a model Y-family enzyme. They defined critical steps in the process and identified unexpected movement that could lead to DNA mistakes. The findings set the stage for studies on DNA copying errors and potential cancer and disease causes.
The study reveals that DNA hybridization is sensitive to sequence composition, with certain sequences binding rapidly and others through a diffusive process. Understanding this process can aid researchers in designing technologies like gene chips more effectively.
Researchers from Brigham Young University have successfully created a customized DNA origami technique to write the letters B-Y-U on an extremely small scale. This breakthrough enables the design of nanoscale shapes for electrical circuitry and the creation of inexpensive computer chips.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University developed a highly sensitive test using quantum dots to detect DNA methylation, an early warning sign of cancer. The test could alert people at risk and help doctors determine the effectiveness of cancer treatments.
A Scripps Research team has created a chemical system that assembles and disassembles itself without enzymes, mimicking DNA. The system uses peptides and nucleobases, potentially shedding light on the emergence of life on Earth.
Physicists at Brown University have introduced a novel procedure to sequence human genomes by slowing down the DNA's movement through openings using magnets. This approach allows multiple segments of a DNA strand to be threaded simultaneously through numerous tiny pores, enabling accurate reading of base pairs.
Researchers created a 3D nanofluidic device using grayscale photolithography to separate nanoparticles by size and analyze DNA behavior. The device demonstrates versatility in manipulating rigid nanoparticles and deforming flexible DNA strands.
A Cornell research team mapped histone-DNA interactions in nucleosomes, gaining new understanding of how genes are packed and expressed. The study's findings could help uncover the effects of histone or DNA sequence changes on motor protein access to genetic information.
Researchers identify HARP, the first motor protein that rewinds defective DNA, preventing gene expression and potentially treating Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia. The discovery expands our understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying this devastating genetic disorder.
Researchers develop unique method to sew long DNA threads into shape using micron-sized hooks controlled by lasers, allowing for high-spatial resolution gene location detection. The technology has potential applications in DNA sequencing and molecular electronics.
Researchers at NIST and Cornell University developed a novel fabrication method called nanoglassblowing to create nanofluidic devices that can isolate single molecules in solution. The technique produces devices with funnels and tapered nanochannels, showing advantages over traditional planar channels.
Researchers have created a DNA nanoscale object, a regular dodecahedron, by using programmed oligonucleotides with three branches. The structure is formed through a self-assembly process and exhibits unique properties, such as being flexible under pressure.
Biomedical engineer Robert Langer is working on novel ways to deliver drugs and genes to targeted sites in the human body. His lab has developed polymers that can efficiently deliver DNA with reduced toxicity, potentially leading to new cancer treatments and disease therapies.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a technique using DNA to assemble crystalline structures out of gold nanoparticles, resulting in materials with unique properties. The method allows for the creation of 'designer' materials with specific applications in fields like therapeutics and electronics.
Researchers identified two microRNA pairs in fruit fly and eight more in mouse where both DNA strands encode RNA products, which fold into hairpins that are processed into mature microRNAs. This discovery builds on earlier findings about microRNA regulation using computational tools to investigate genomes of multiple species.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have produced the first 3D structural images of a DNA-bound Type II topoisomerase, a prime target for antibacterial and anticancer drugs. The study reveals that topo II employs a 'two-gate' mechanism to carry out its tasks, controlling the passage of DNA segments through the enzyme.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have mapped the 3D structure of T7 endonuclease 1 enzyme, responsible for splitting DNA strands and creating genetically unique offspring. The discovery is expected to shed light on human individuality and viral replication mechanisms.
Researchers create DNA shells to coat particles' surfaces, allowing for precise control over their structure and properties. The technique enables applications in efficient energy conversion, drug delivery, and environmental monitoring.
RecA family proteins have been found to function as rotary motor proteins to repair DNA damages through a novel mechanism. This discovery opens up new avenues for understanding the molecular mechanisms of RecA family proteins and their roles in cell proliferation, genome maintenance, and genetic diversity.
Researchers at Duke University have made direct measurements of DNA's forces within single strands that wind around each other to form the double helix. The study, published in Physical Review Letters, reveals new insights into the stacking and pairing forces between base units.
Cornell researchers have solved a fundamental question about DNA strand separation by demonstrating the active role of an enzyme called helicase. The study found that helicase exerts a force onto the fork and separates the two strands, contradicting earlier passive unwinding mechanisms.
Researchers at NIST developed arrays of spin valves to trap and manipulate individual biomolecules. The arrays can apply torsional forces strong enough to alter the structure or shape of biomolecules, enabling parallel processing of single molecules.
Researchers describe two structural forms of human RECQ1 helicase, which regulate its dual enzymatic activity. The larger complex is associated with DNA strand annealing, while the smaller form carries out DNA unwinding.
Scientists develop a technique to control DNA strand density on gold substrates using short adenine 'tails' as anchors. This allows for precise optimization of DNA sensor arrays by adjusting the spacing between strands.
Researchers used a novel methodology and System X supercomputer to simulate the full range of DNA motions, revealing greater flexibility than expected. The study challenges the traditional view that DNA is hard to bend, suggesting it may not cost much energy to form protein-DNA complexes.
Scientists discover that the structure of the bases, rather than the backbone, is critical in developing genetic material. They created molecules with alternative bases and found that only one pair was strong enough to form specific base pairs.
A systematic review found no consistent evidence linking dietary folate intake to breast cancer risk. The review also did not find a significant association between a common genetic variation in the MTHFR gene and breast cancer risk.
A team of researchers has discovered that DNA ligase changes shape from an open to a closed conformation as it joins DNA strands together. This finding reveals new insights into the genetic repair mechanism and its potential as a target for cancer treatment.
A team of scientists created a molecular ruler using gold nanoparticles and DNA to measure protein-DNA interactions at high resolution. This tool promises to accelerate research into genetic information processing by detecting initial protein-DNA binding interactions.
Direct observations of DNA are giving new insights into genetic material copying and repair processes, revealing how enzymes like RecA assemble into filaments. The findings have implications for understanding breast cancer risk and future studies on single enzymes at work unwinding DNA strands.
A Brown University research team has successfully used DNA to assemble and grow complex zinc oxide nanowires, which can create light and generate electricity. The new structures have potential applications in medical diagnostics, security sensors, fiber optical networks, and computer circuits.