Articles tagged with Developmental Neuroscience
A study of over 6,000 adolescents found that those with symptoms of gaming addiction showed lower brain activity in the decision-making and reward processing region. This suggests a link between reduced sensitivity to rewards and problematic gaming behaviors.
A new brain mapping technique has revealed fresh insights into how higher-order functions like language, thought, and attention are organised. Researchers used data from fMRI scans to create accurate models of brain activity and interactions between regions.
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (Trh) plays a crucial role in zebrafish hatching by activating a transient neuroendocrine circuit. The hormone stimulates the release of enzymes that break down the chorion, initiating hatching.
A study by IRB Barcelona has identified a molecular mechanism underlying idiopathic autism, linking the lack of a specific neuronal microexon to decreased gene expression crucial for neuronal development. The discovery reveals how CPEB4 condensates regulate gene expression and highlights potential therapeutic approaches.
Bentham Science journals Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry and CNS & Neurological Disorders – Drug Targets accepted for PsycInfo database indexing, enhancing global visibility of research. PsycInfo provides extensive coverage of behavioral and social sciences, making this move a significant step forward.
Recent Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry have recognized the convergence of AI with physics and chemistry, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research. Researchers advocate for nurturing AI-enabled polymaths to bridge the gap between theoretical advancements and practical applications.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have devised a potential solution to the paradox of animal innate abilities using artificial intelligence. The genomic bottleneck algorithm allows for compression levels unseen in AI, enabling faster runtimes and potentially leading to more evolved AI systems.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have found that the hunger hormone leptin can direct neural development in a leptin receptor-independent manner. This discovery suggests a novel role for leptin in specifying the development of neural circuits involved in autonomic regulation and food intake.
Researchers have developed a deep-learning-powered metalens imaging system that overcomes limitations of traditional metalenses. The system pairs a mass-produced metalens with an image restoration framework driven by AI to achieve aberration-free, full-color images while maintaining compact form factor.
Researchers at Rice University developed a minimally invasive neural interface technique called endocisternal interfaces (ECI), allowing for simultaneous access to the brain and spinal cord without skull surgery. The innovative method uses cerebral spinal fluid as a pathway to deliver targeted devices, enabling new possibilities for th...
A longitudinal cohort study found no significant associations between prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and child neurodevelopment outcomes in the first two years of life. Follow-up research is needed to determine if these effects persist into later childhood.
Critical Path Institute (C-Path) has announced key leadership appointments: Dr. Diane Stephenson promoted to Vice President of Neurology and Nadine Tatton welcomed as new Executive Director of CPAD Consortium. This move aims to advance neurodegenerative disease research, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Researchers developed a novel neural network model to reconstruct 3D digital images of relief-type cultural heritage objects from old photos. The model improves the accuracy of depth estimation and soft-edge detection, enhancing the preservation of cultural heritage.
Researchers have developed a reconfigurable three-dimensional integrated photonic processor specifically designed to tackle the subset sum problem, a classic NP-complete challenge. The processor operates by allowing photons in a light beam to explore all possible paths simultaneously, providing answers in parallel and demonstrating hig...
A new study finds that the FOXG1 gene has a dual function in regulating RNA transcription and translation, essential for proper brain development. The discovery raises questions about the evolution of this complex mechanism and its potential role in neuroplasticity.
A cohort study found no association between maternal COVID-19 exposure and abnormal neurodevelopmental screening results in children aged 24 months. Continued research is needed due to the developing fetal brain's sensitivity to maternal immune activation.
Brain cells called OPCs (oligodendrocyte precursor cells) play a crucial role in shaping neural circuitry by pruning unnecessary synapses. This process is essential for the brain's functioning and has been linked to both glioma brain cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
A study found that speakers smiled more when listeners smiled more, especially in same-sex conversations. Smile synchronization is essential in creating social bonds and fostering positive feelings.
Researchers found lower neuron density in regions of the cerebral cortex responsible for tasks like memory, learning, and problem-solving in children with autism. In contrast, other brain regions like the amygdala showed increased neuron density, suggesting unique promise in characterizing individuals with autism.
Researchers identify a homozygous SPAG9 gene mutation associated with intellectual disability, progressive cognitive decline, and heterogeneous brain abnormalities. The study provides a unique model for understanding disruptions in cellular transport mechanisms leading to neurodevelopmental and degenerative brain conditions.
A breakthrough technology allows for touchless infrared imaging to monitor changes in pupil size and gaze direction behind closed eyes. This innovation can help identify wakefulness, awareness, and pain in sleep, anesthesia, and intensive care, enabling more accurate clinical decision-making.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed ultra-flexible tentacle electrodes that can precisely record brain activity over extended periods, enabling detailed analysis of neural activity. The technology has the potential to diagnose and treat neurological disorders such as epilepsy, depression, and schizophrenia.
A new algorithm, inspired by the nervous system's matchmaker, pairs drivers with riders in a way that maximizes everyone's happiness. The algorithm creates near-optimal pairings while preserving privacy, making it suitable for everyday applications.
A multi-university research team led by University of Virginia engineering professor Gustavo K. Rohde has developed a system that can accurately spot genetic markers of autism in brain images. The system uses generative computer modeling technique called transport-based morphometry, which reveals brain structure patterns that predict v...
Researchers analyzed genetic samples from individuals with undiagnosed illnesses and found that mutations in the DENND5A gene disrupt brain cell division, leading to developmental delays. The discovery provides answers for families affected by this rare condition and may lead to potential treatments.
A new study at Aston University found that parents' eating styles can shape their children's eating behavior, with parents who exhibit 'avid' or 'avoidant' eating patterns more likely to pass on similar traits. The research suggests that parents can help create a healthy food environment by modeling balanced eating habits.
Researchers at WVU created a motion-compatible brain scanner that allows patients to move around during imaging. The Ambulatory Motion-enabling PET (AMPET) scanner can help study human behaviors, balance, and emotions, and may be used to monitor brain activity for PTSD treatment and mindfulness meditation.
Researchers found anomalies in embryonic development of individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which could lead to new treatment options. These abnormalities were recreated in laboratory-grown tissue cultures called organoids, revealing key insights into the disease's progression.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have identified a small molecule that could potentially treat Angelman syndrome by 'turning on' the dormant paternally-inherited UBE3A gene copy. The compound, (S)-PHA533533, has shown excellent uptake in developing brains and bioavailability, making it a promising lead for gene therapy.
A study by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory researchers has discovered a crucial receptor protein that regulates the timing of temporary neural connections in the developing brain. Without this protein, mice exhibit atypical behaviors, highlighting its potential role in shaping brain circuits and preventing neurodevelopmental disorders.
A new study creates a framework to reduce confusion around fish consumption during pregnancy and provide clearer guidance on risks and benefits. The research found that consuming low-mercury fish was beneficial, while high-mercury fish was detrimental to neurodevelopment.
New research suggests that neighborhoods with more educational and socioeconomic opportunities can improve infants' brain activity and cognitive development. Infants in such neighborhoods show greater brain function at six months of age and better cognition at 12 months old.
New research from the University of Oregon describes the communication between nerve cells and muscle cells via electrical signals during development, known as bioelectricity. The study identifies specific genes that control the process and offers clues to the genetic origins of muscle disorders.
Scientists at Kyushu University created QDyeFinder, an AI pipeline that untangles the dense neuronal networks in the brain. The system uses a super-multicolor labeling protocol to tag neurons and then automatically identifies their structure by matching similar color combinations.
Researchers found that Orco protein is necessary for the development and life of olfactory cells in ants. Mutant ants lacking Orco experience massive olfactory neuron loss, suggesting a link between Orco and neuronal survival.
A literature review of neuroimaging studies found altered brain signaling in teenagers with internet addiction, affecting attention and emotional processing. The study suggests that internet addiction may impact development and well-being in adolescents.
A study led by the University of Turku has identified the brain network responsible for stuttering, which may lead to effective treatments. The research found that stuttering is associated with structural changes in a specific brain network involving the putamen, amygdala, and claustrum.
A recent study has cataloged gene-isoform variation in the developing human brain, providing crucial insights into neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. The research found thousands of isoform switches that occur during brain development, implicating previously uncharacterized RNA-binding proteins.
FutureNeuro, a leading SFI Research Centre, is expanding its research programme with a focus on diagnostics, therapeutics, and digital health. The centre aims to develop precision diagnostics, future treatments, and systems using real-time health data.
A study of over 50,000 children with neurodevelopmental disorders reveals congenital abnormalities are at least ten times more common than in the general population. The analysis also maps medical consequences of new syndromes and offers opportunities for better guidance or treatment.
Researchers found that early neurodevelopmental assessments can predict long-term cerebral palsy outcomes in high-risk infants as young as 3 to 4 months corrected age. However, these tests are limited in identifying cognitive and neurodevelopmental impairments beyond CP diagnosis.
A recent study has found that chromosomal 22q11.2 deletions increase the risk of meningomyelocele, a severe form of spina bifida, by up to 23 times compared to the general population. Folate supplementation may partially alleviate this risk.
Researchers have developed a novel rigid endoscope system for visible-to-OTN hyperspectral imaging, enabling non-destructive imaging and visualization of lesions in normal tissues. The system demonstrated high accuracy in classifying molecular vibration information of various targets with an OTN wavelength range.
Researchers used a new brain mapping tool called BARseq to classify and map millions of neurons across nine mouse brains. They discovered that sensory inputs influence the cellular signatures of each brain region, leading to distinct 'signatures' akin to cellular ID cards.
A new study found that mums with insecure attachment traits showed more brain-to-brain synchrony with their children, while fathers and children had stronger brain-to-brain synchrony. The research suggests that high or low synchrony can signal interaction difficulties in families.
UNM researchers found that even low to moderate alcohol use during pregnancy can contribute to subtle changes in prenatal development, including lower birth length and shorter gestation duration. Sex-specific differences were also observed, with male infants affected more by the effects of drinking during pregnancy.
A study by UPF found that six-month-old babies can predict the actions of people who speak their native language, but not those who speak an unfamiliar language. This suggests that infants' ability to predict others' behavior is linked to the language they speak and may be influenced by social factors.
A new study suggests that anxiety and depression in younger women may accelerate the development of cardiovascular risk factors, putting them at nearly par with men of the same age. The researchers found that these mental health conditions were associated with a much higher relative risk among young women than seen in other groups.
A new study highlights the importance of differentiating between formal and functional competence in language learning models. Researchers argue that leveraging human neuroscience insights can help develop more powerful AIs that mimic the brain's modularity, leading to improved performance and natural user interaction.
A new study published in JAMA Dermatology reveals that children with atopic dermatitis are more likely to experience difficulties in learning and memory. The research suggests that neurodevelopmental comorbidities such as ADHD or learning disabilities may play a key role in this association.
A family in Colombia has provided valuable insights into the genetic form of Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that individuals with the mutation develop sticky plaques between neurons prematurely, differing from sporadic cases. The study suggests distinct treatment approaches may be needed for early-onset and sporadic cases.
Researchers have developed a stem cell culture model that resembles all three sections of the embryonic brain and spinal cord. The model sheds light on developmental brain diseases and offers possibilities for studying human brain development and disease.
Researchers developed a wireless device powered by light that can be implanted to regulate cardiovascular or neural activity in the body. The ultralight membrane is thinner than a human hair and contains no moving parts, offering a minimally invasive surgery alternative.
Researchers developed a high-speed modulation system combining digital display with super-resolution imaging, significantly improving lateral and axial resolution. This enables detailed study of subcellular structures in animal cells and plant ultrastructures, paving the way for future biological discoveries.
A King's College London study analyzed brain scans from 390 babies, revealing distinct patterns of dynamic functional connectivity in term and pre-term infants. These patterns were linked to development outcomes in movement, language, cognition, and social behavior at 18 months.
The American Heart Association and The Children's Heart Foundation have pledged over $10 million in funding to research congenital heart defects. Researchers will advance their work to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of CHDs, giving more children a chance to grow into healthy adults.
Researchers discovered the brain uses a process called temporal scaling to adjust processing of time, allowing for flexibility in behavior. This finding may have implications for understanding how our brains enable us to interact with the world.
A new study examined data from citizen scientists using a simple web-based motor test, providing unique insights into how people correct for motor control errors. The results show that adaptation peaks between 35 and 45 years of age, with demographic variables such as gender, age, and visual impairment impacting motor adaptation.
A new study found that propranolol, a medication for high blood pressure, can lower anxiety levels in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The study involved 69 patients and showed significantly reduced anxiety levels compared to a placebo group.
Researchers developed a novel hybrid approach combining traditional mathematical methods and cutting-edge machine learning to improve EIT analysis of building structures. The new method, called AND, reduces errors in reconstructing foreign objects' position and size compared to conventional EIT methods.