Articles tagged with Language Processing
A new study published in Frontiers in Neurology found that robotic arm rehabilitation can promote speech and language function recovery in chronic stroke patients with aphasia. The research team observed small but consistent improvement on measures assessing speech articulation and overall language processing.
Researchers analyzed 8.9 billion tweets to track the origin and spread of new words in American English, revealing 5 key regions: West Coast, Northeast, Mid Atlantic, Deep South, and Gulf Coast. African American English was a major source of lexical innovation.
A recent study published in JAMA Ophthalmology found that children with developmental dyslexia are more prone to visual deficits than their typically developing peers. Visual function deficiencies were common among the children with dyslexia, suggesting a potential link between vision processing and reading difficulties.
Researchers used magnetic brain stimulation to study the interaction between brain regions and networks in language production. They found that the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) plays a critical role in integrating and segregating communication between brain networks, particularly in open-ended language tasks.
A team from the University of Kansas investigated the Speech-to-Song Illusion, where a spoken phrase is repeated and begins to sound like it's being sung. The researchers found that word detectors initially activate, giving one the perception of speech, but fatigue as the phrase is repeated, shifting perception to a songlike state.
Researchers found that nouns slow down speech more frequently than verbs, indicating difficulties with planning noun utterances. This discovery has implications for understanding human language processing and suggests universal long-term effects on grammar evolution.
The Boras extend their language reach by a factor of 100 using drummed speech with rhythmic units encoded in pauses between beats. Drummed speech allows them to convey meaning and distinguish words through tone and rhythm.
A new study led by University of Arizona cognitive scientist Aneta Kielar found that people with primary progressive aphasia, a rare dementia, can recruit intact areas of the brain to decipher sentences. This brain compensation offers hope for developing targeted treatments for PPA.
A study by Georgetown University Medical Center found that babies who suffered a perinatal stroke regained language function in the opposite side of their brain. The research, led by Elissa L. Newport, PhD, discovered that teenagers and young adults used the right sides of their brains for language after a left-brain injury.
A large-scale brain imaging study has refuted the long-held theory that a specific region in the left hemisphere is responsible for language processing. The research found no correlation between the planum temporale's anatomical asymmetry and language lateralization, contradicting previous findings.
A study published in Springer's Psychonomic Bulletin & Review found that incorporating gestures into conversations leads to faster turn transition times and quicker responses. Gestures appear to provide a visual component that helps speakers convey additional information, enabling listeners to process and respond more efficiently.
Researchers found that bilingual infants can differentiate between words in different languages, even at a young age. The study suggests that bilinguals have an efficient processing strategy to prioritize the currently heard language when switching between languages.
A study by University of Houston researchers used publicly available emails from Hillary Clinton and Sarah Palin to analyze the characteristics of phishing emails. The results showed that participants had a 52% accuracy rate in detecting real emails, while more complex grammar fooled 74% of them.
Researchers found that machine learning programs can acquire cultural biases from online language patterns, affecting tasks like image categorization and automated translations. This study highlights the importance of identifying and addressing bias in AI systems to promote fairness and equality.
A new study reveals that adults who learned Spanish as a second language can understand subtle aspects of Spanish grammar not present in English. Researchers found that these adults were capable of learning and processing a new language in a way similar to native speaker language use.
A team of international researchers used a form of simulation modeling to study the processes shaping language diversity patterns in Australia. They found strong evidence that rainfall and limits to group size shaped both the total number of languages and the geographic patterns of language diversity on the continent. This study provid...
A new study from the University of California San Diego finds that native Mandarin speakers exhibit superior pitch processing skills in young children compared to English-speaking peers. The research suggests that brain skills learned in one area, such as language, can generalize to other cognitive abilities like music.
Researchers found that genetic and environmental influences affect language-related brain activities in the left frontal area of the brain. The study used magnetoencephalography to measure brain activity in monozygotic and dizygotic elderly Japanese twins, revealing that verbal memory is associated with lower-power ERDs.
Researchers found strong associations between certain sounds and common objects/ideas across languages, including body parts and natural phenomena. The study's findings suggest that humans tend to use similar sounds to describe basic concepts, regardless of language.
Research suggests that individuals with intermittent explosive disorder (IED) exhibit reduced connectivity in the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), a region connecting the frontal and parietal lobes. This disruption may impair social cognition, contributing to misunderstandings and misinterpretations of others' intentions.
The now-or-never bottleneck theory explains how the brain processes linguistic input immediately, before it's lost. This process involves chunking linguistic material into increasingly abstract representational formats to learn and understand language.
Researchers found that stimulating the left angular gyrus with transcranial direct current stimulation improved comprehension of simple, two-word phrases. This effect was not seen with sham stimulation or right angular gyrus stimulation, suggesting a specific role for this brain region in semantic memory integration.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum found that whistled Turkish eliminates brain asymmetry in language perception, contradicting the long-held theory of left hemisphere dominance. This discovery sheds new light on the cognitive processing of languages.
Researchers analyzed case systems in over 600 languages, finding that complex constructions tax the brain more than simple ones. The brain activity is stronger for simple cases, leading to simplifications and changes in grammatical structures.
Researchers at Rice University and UTHealth aim to develop wireless implants that can help patients regain communication skills after speech impairments. The three-year project will analyze data from intracranial recordings in patients with epilepsy, with the ultimate goal of creating a prosthetic system to reconstruct speech.
Researchers at the International School of Advanced Studies (SISSA) found that newborn brains process language using cognitive mechanisms similar to those of adults. They demonstrated that babies are sensitive to the edges of words and can differentiate between sequences with or without edge changes.
Arturo Hernandez, a University of Houston developmental psychology professor, has received the Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel Research Award for his groundbreaking work on how the brain processes language. His research has significant implications for teaching and learning multiple languages, including second languages.
Johns Hopkins researchers are using Twitter posts to gather important information about common mental illnesses, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and bipolar disorder. Their techniques have yielded fresh numbers on cases of these illnesses, allowing for analyses that were previously difficult or expensive to obtain.
A NYU study found that children improve their spoken language processing when hearing familiar voices, but only for words they already know. The advantage is limited and does not apply to unfamiliar words.
Researchers have developed a novel imaging technique that allows for real-time visualization of brain sound processing in mice. This breakthrough enables the study of complex neural interactions and may lead to better treatments for hearing loss.
Researchers found keywords in word networks that facilitate quick recognition of similar words, opening up potential applications for language disorders and learning. Removing keywords from memory could disrupt language processing.
Research at Massachusetts General Hospital found that the brain decides whether sound combinations are permissible by referencing known words, rather than applying abstract rules. This new understanding may lead to better comprehension of how brain processes are disrupted in stroke patients with aphasia.
Researchers found that jazz musicians' brains use syntax to process music, similar to how spoken language is processed in the brain. This study sheds light on the complex relationship between music and language.
Researchers at University of Kansas found that listeners process words grammatically faster when speakers match their sex, affecting higher-level processes like grammar. Native Spanish speakers showed reduced accuracy when mismatched sex was present.
A new study from RIKEN Brain Science Institute found that the pitch-accent in words pronounced in standard Japanese activates different brain hemispheres depending on whether the listener speaks standard Japanese or one of the regional dialects. Native speakers who acquire a second language later in life process pitch changes similarly...
A new study has identified genetic variants that can predispose children to dyslexia and language impairment, allowing for earlier diagnoses and more successful interventions. The research found specific parts of the DCDC2 gene, including READ1, to be associated with reading and verbal language difficulties.
A new study by MIT researchers shows that people make mental edits when processing confusing information and use specific strategies to make sense of language. They also adapt their approach when presented with increasingly nonsensical sentences, inferring lower amounts of 'noise' in the language.
A new center at Northwestern University will study over 200 patients to better understand how language is processed and recovers in healthy people and those with stroke or neurological diseases. The center aims to challenge existing clinical practices and promote treatment options for individuals with chronic aphasia.
Researchers at Northwestern University have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the effects of brain damage on language processing and recovery. Studies have shown that with targeted training, patients can regain speech abilities years after a stroke.
A Cornell University study challenges the long-held hierarchical structure of sentence construction, proposing instead that language uses simpler sequential structures. This concept has implications for understanding human communication abilities and their relationship to other species.
A new study from Georgia Tech found that nearly 15 percent of work emails are gossip, with lower-level employees sharing more information than higher-ups. The researchers analyzed hundreds of thousands of emails from the former Enron corporation and discovered that negative gossip is prevalent among employees.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE suggests that learning a new language can improve with time off. Adult subjects who took a break after high proficiency showed no decline in abilities and even processed the language more naturally. This unexpected result may be attributed to the brain's ability to reorganize and adapt.
A new study found that the brain processes Arabic differently than Hebrew or English, with the right hemisphere relying on the left hemisphere for decoding. This makes learning Arabic more challenging, even for native speakers.
A study published in Neuron reveals that upper and lower white matter fiber pathways play distinct roles in language processing. Patients with damage to the lower pathway struggle with lexical semantics but excel at constructing sentences, while those with damage to the upper pathway have difficulties with syntactic processing.
A natural language processing-based approach outperformed traditional administrative data codes in detecting postoperative surgical complications. The study found the new method correctly identified 82% of acute renal failure cases, while also being highly specific for diagnoses like pneumonia and sepsis.
Researchers found that older bilingual adults use context more to process language as working memory capacity declines. Bilingualism is associated with a cognitive advantage, and this study sheds light on how bilingual brains adapt to aging.
In people born blind, parts of the visual cortex are recruited for language processing, overturning the idea that language processing occurs in highly specialized brain regions. The study suggests that brain function is more dynamic and adaptable than previously thought.
Researchers at the Salk Institute found that individuals with Williams syndrome process spoken language differently from those with autism spectrum disorders, which has opposite social profiles. People with Williams syndrome exhibit an abnormally large N400 response indicating sensitivity to semantic aspects of language.
A recent study published in PNAS found that the brain regions responsible for decoding spoken words also process wordless gestures. This discovery challenges traditional theories about the evolution of language and suggests that these brain regions may play a broader role in symbol interpretation.
Researchers used a rare brain procedure to document how the human brain computes grammar and produces words. The study found that distinct linguistic processes are computed within small regions of Broca's area, separated in time and partially overlapping in space.
A UCF study will interview and observe over 360 native Cantonese speakers with aphasia to create a database of linguistic symptoms and non-verbal behaviors. The research aims to improve assessment methods and treatment guidelines for Chinese speakers worldwide.
Researchers found that idiomatic sentences activated the right middle temporal gyrus and right medial frontal gyrus, indicating a more complex understanding process. The left hemisphere's role in suppressing literal meaning was not specifically activated, but limbic regions involved emotional responses were.
Researchers created a mathematical model that mimics brain mechanisms for speech recognition, recognizing individual sounds and syllables, even in sped-up speech sequences. The model's success indicates that it could represent brain processes, providing new approaches for artificial speech recognition.
Scientists have confirmed a unified theory about how the brain processes speech and language, suggesting that two parallel pathways process complex auditory signals. The findings, published in Nature Neuroscience, provide insight into disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, and may lead to better treatment options.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that the brain maintains language skills despite alcohol damage by drawing from other regions. The research used fMRI scans to investigate neural activity in alcoholic and healthy males performing an auditory language task.
Researchers found brain responds to verbal errors with specific signal that can sometimes be corrected in time, similar to physical actions like grabbing or walking.
New research suggests that babies' early language skills are rooted in the brain's ability to recognize repetition patterns. The study found increased brain activity in response to words with repeating syllables, indicating a possible hard-wired mechanism for language acquisition.
The La Mente Bilingüe research team, led by Dr. Itziar Laka, investigates language acquisition and processing in bilingual brains. They use experimental methodologies to understand how languages are organized and processed, including analyzing word order and syntax, and exploring the effect of age on phonology, vocabulary, and grammar.
Girls show greater activation in language areas of the brain than boys during language tasks, indicating a more abstract approach to language processing. Boys, on the other hand, rely on different parts of the brain for visual and auditory inputs.
Researchers found that early brain activity is shaped by language experience and plays a crucial role in speech perception. The study reveals that melody of speech engages multiple brain areas, including both hemispheres, and interacts with general sensory-motor processes.