Articles tagged with Multiple Sclerosis
Vijay Kuchroo's research unravels the immune mechanisms of Multiple Sclerosis, identifying key proteins and molecules that regulate T cell activity. His work opens pathways to develop immune-modulating therapies and advance treatments for MS.
A preliminary study suggests that Black people with autoimmune neurologic diseases like multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder may respond differently to a common therapy meant to modulate the immune system. After treatment, 76% of Black patients had detectable B-cell levels, compared to 33.3% of white patients.
Researchers designed and synthesized acrylamide-based DHODH inhibitors for treating rheumatoid arthritis. The lead compound showed encouraging in vivo anti-arthritic effects in a dose-dependent manner.
Researchers used AI to identify three new MS subtypes based on brain images, which can help predict disease progression and treatment response. The study found a clear difference in patients' response to different treatments by subtype, paving the way for individualized treatment planning.
Researchers integrated gait data and machine learning to monitor and predict MS-related gait issues, detecting differences in gait patterns between participants. The study identified a butterfly diagram feature associated with critical neurological functions.
A study examined COVID-19 outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis, finding that certain patient characteristics are linked to worse outcomes. The analysis revealed associations between disease severity and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk factors.
A new study published in Neurology found that Medicare payments for neurology medications increased by 50% over five years, despite a 8% rise in claims. The majority of the increase was due to rising costs for neuroimmunology drugs, primarily used for multiple sclerosis.
A new study found that myelin loss is a major factor in age-related brain deterioration, leading to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. The researchers identified a key gene responsible for the reduced efficiency of cells that produce myelin with age.
A preliminary study found that people with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at a higher risk of experiencing worsening symptoms during periods of anomalously warm weather. The study estimated an excess of over 2,900 medical visits related to MS due to rising temperatures.
The JDRF, Lupus Research Alliance and National Multiple Sclerosis Society have launched a joint grant program to investigate the immune system's role in autoimmune diseases. The program aims to identify common mechanisms that cause or contribute to the development of lupus, T1D, and MS.
Bergles pioneered the study of immature brain cells that can repair myelin after it's destroyed in multiple sclerosis. His work aims to promote myelin repair and restore function for people with MS.
Researchers identified two highly antigenic epitope markers predicting multiple sclerosis in optic neuritis patients, providing a novel blood biomarker. The study utilizes the Mimotope Variation Analysis technology to analyze over 500 clinical samples from Finnish and Estonian patients.
Researchers aim to provide initial data on ocrelizumab's impact on cognitive fatigue in individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A 3-year study involving three groups will assess levels of cognitive fatigue and brain activity, exploring the therapeutic effects of ocrelizumab.
A study found that pregnancies among women with multiple sclerosis were just as healthy as those without the disease. However, mothers with MS were more likely to have elective cesarean sections and babies born small for their gestational age due to symptoms like muscle weakness and fatigue.
Researchers found that a new remyelinating drug called indazole chloride improved vision in mice with multiple sclerosis by inducing remyelination and mitigating damage to the optic nerve. The study highlights the importance of early treatment to mitigate axon damage and recover 75-80% of original function.
A new study found that childhood trauma can increase susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and reduce responsiveness to treatment. The researchers discovered a key immune system receptor that triggers the disease progression when activated by stress hormones.
Researchers discovered that MS immune cells destroy excitatory synapses, impairing neural activity. However, the destruction is reversible upon inflammation resolution, offering new therapeutic approaches to slow disease progression.
A study found that intense immunosuppression followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplants can prevent disability associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) from getting worse in up to 71% of people with relapsing-remitting MS for up to 10 years. In some cases, disability improved over time.
A new Yale University study finds that a lack of oleic acid in fat tissue can trigger an abnormal immune response in multiple sclerosis. Introducing oleic acids into fatty tissue increased regulatory T cells, which can help combat the disease.
The study will investigate whether treatment with Tysabri alleviates cognitive fatigue in individuals with MS. Researchers will use functional MRI to measure brain activation associated with cognitive fatigue, aiming to advance knowledge of the effects of Tysabri on this disabling symptom.
Researchers at OHSU have discovered that a type of herpes virus may be causing a central nervous system disease in monkeys similar to multiple sclerosis in humans. The study found T cells linked to myelin loss, a critical component of MS, paving the way for potential antiviral therapies.
A compound developed at Oregon Health & Science University appears to protect nerve fibers and the fatty sheath of myelin that covers nerve cells. The discovery suggests the compound may also prevent damage from occurring, reducing inflammation and degeneration in multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Autoimmune diseases like T1D, SLE, MS, and RA exhibit common genetic risk, chronic inflammation, and tissue damage mechanisms. Target tissues participate in a deleterious dialogue with the immune system, contributing to disease progression.
A new study found that people in rural areas are less likely to receive specialty care from neurologists, with those living in urban areas more likely to see a specialist for common conditions like dementia and stroke. However, telemedicine can help extend neurological services to underserved areas.
Researchers identified a pathway involving astrocytes that sheds light on why seizures occur in some MS patients. The study found altered expression of EAAT2 and AQP4 proteins, leading to increased seizure activity.
A new study published in Neurology found that siponimod improved cognitive processing speed in people with advanced secondary progressive MS. The medication showed a 28% higher chance of sustained improvement compared to placebo, and reduced the risk of decline by 21%.
A neuroimaging study aims to identify underlying cognitive and brain processes impacted by MS, focusing on working memory and hippocampal changes. The study seeks to develop effective treatments for restoring lost memory function in individuals with MS.
A new study published in Neurology found that people with multiple sclerosis (MS) had a 72% greater risk of developing bladder cancer compared to those without the disease. However, breast and colorectal cancers did not show a significant association with MS.
Researchers have found that gut immune cells express an antibody called IgA, which helps protect against harmful bacteria and may help bring flare-ups under control. This discovery opens up new lines of research for therapeutics and suggests a potential new player in managing MS symptoms.
A recent study has discovered a link between intestinal flora and inflammation in the central nervous system of patients with multiple sclerosis. IgA B cells play a key role in this process, accumulating in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue during acute flares of the illness.
A promising MS drug called TEPP-46 has shown worsening effects on the disease in mouse models, causing inflammation redirection and T cell changes. The research suggests caution before moving the drug to human trials.
A new gene therapy project at the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience seeks to repair brain damage caused by MS by identifying molecules that stimulate myelin and axon repair. The goal is to develop a drug promoting functional recovery of the nervous system, potentially revolutionizing treatment for advanced MS.
Researchers observed that brain ventricles expanded in MS patients during inflammation, but then shrunk back to normal size after symptoms subsided. This finding suggests that ventricle volume fluctuations may be reversible and have clinical relevance for monitoring disease progression.
Researchers have developed an immunotherapy approach that specifically impedes the autoimmune response driving MS, while preserving the rest of the immune system. In mouse models, the therapy prevented disease onset and reduced severity after disease onset.
A study led by UC Riverside found that 55% of respondents with advanced MS experienced some form of mistreatment, including emotional abuse, financial exploitation, neglect, battering, and sexual assault. The researchers identified risk factors such as primary caregiving responsibilities and lower levels of social support.
Researchers have characterized a new population of T cells called ThGM cells that produce GM-CSF, contributing to autoimmune response in MS. The study found that ThGM cells induce inflammation in the brain and spinal cord, suggesting their role in autoimmunity.
A study led by University of Zurich researchers found that the HLA-DR15 gene variant plays a significant role in developing multiple sclerosis. People with this genetic predisposition can develop an immune response against their own brain tissue if infected with certain viruses or bacteria, leading to the disease.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered that an anti-inflammatory drug, VX-765, can slow disease progression in a preclinical model of multiple sclerosis when delivered intranasally. This new therapy approach has shown promise in preserving myelin and glucose metabolism.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that Lactobacillus reuteri, a commonly used probiotic, can exacerbate multiple sclerosis in mouse models. The research suggests that gut microbiome balance is crucial in chronic diseases and that a one-size-fits-all approach to treatment may not be effective.
A probiotic bacterial species significantly worsens multiple sclerosis severity in a mouse model. The study reveals the critical role of Lactobacillus reuteri in modulating disease risk, with colonized mice exhibiting more severe symptoms.
A study by Karolinska Institutet reveals that microglial autophagy plays a crucial role in MS progression. The researchers found that removing an autophagy gene, Atg7, disrupts the immune cells' ability to clean up damaged tissue residues, leading to disease worsening.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have designed a new therapy for multiple sclerosis by fusing a cytokine to a blood protein. This combination prevented destructive immune cells from infiltrating the central nervous system and decreased MS development, leading to fewer symptoms and disease prevention.
Researchers investigate whether changes in metabolic pathways precede neurodegeneration in MS patients, which may lead to irreversible damage to brain and nervous tissue. The study aims to develop diet, lifestyle, and drug interventions to prevent progression and improve outcomes for MS patients.
Researchers discovered that N-acetylglucosamine activates myelin stem cells to promote primary myelination and myelin repair. The study suggests that N-acetylglucosamine deficiency may contribute to disease severity in multiple sclerosis patients.
A prospective study of employment and multiple sclerosis found individuals at risk tend to have progressive disease, fatigue, poorer coping mechanisms, and less MS self-efficacy. The study identified factors and behaviors that may be targeted for interventions to maintain employment.
A US researcher has received a National Multiple Sclerosis Society grant to identify compound analogues that can repair damaged axons in multiple sclerosis. The project aims to find a new treatment avenue that speeds up nerve impulses and promotes myelin repair.
Researchers discovered how regulatory T cells limit damage in the spinal cord and prevent autoimmunity, enabling partial recovery from paralysis. The study highlights Th17 and Treg cell interactions and provides insights into MS pathophysiology.
A new study suggests that gamma interferons, a type of immune cell, may help prevent depression by preserving mental health. Researchers found that healthy individuals have similar immune cells to those with multiple sclerosis, but without the damaging inflammatory response.
A comprehensive international study found that pregnancy can delay the onset of multiple sclerosis (MS) by more than 3 years. The study used a global database of over 70,000 MS patients and suggested that pregnancy may reduce abnormal immune system activity that causes MS.
A large international study of progressive MS found minimal changes in depression, anxiety, and quality of life during pandemic lockdowns. Participants adapted to lockdown conditions by engaging in mental and physical activities, which may have provided a sense of control and countered negative emotional reactions.
Researchers at RIKEN IMS discovered that a combination of gut bacteria worsens multiple sclerosis symptoms in a mouse model. Two specific bacteria, OTU002 and Lactobacillus reuteri, enhance immune cell activity that attacks the brain and spinal cord.
A new study reveals a potential link between brain inflammation and fatigue in multiple sclerosis, using PET imaging to identify specific brain regions correlated with fatigue scores. The findings open new avenues for diagnostic and therapeutic research into the debilitating symptom.
Research from Queen Mary University of London finds that childhood and adolescent obesity is projected to contribute up to 14 per cent of overall risk of Multiple Sclerosis in 2035. High body mass index (BMI) is also associated with an increased risk, particularly in the USA and Australia.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that depleting the key protein Reelin can protect against multiple sclerosis symptoms and promote recovery. By reducing monocyte adhesion on blood vessel walls, Reelin levels may be a novel way to treat MS.
A new drug, ofatumumab, has been shown to significantly reduce inflammation and clinical relapses in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. Nearly nine out of ten patients on the treatment showed no sign of disease activity after one year.
Researchers at Kessler Foundation found significant differences in brain activation patterns between individuals with and without multiple sclerosis (MS) due to mental fatigue. MS participants showed reduced activation of anterior brain regions and slower processing speeds under high cognitive loads.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have identified a novel protein pathway in several human neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease. Abnormal expression of SAFB1 was found to be associated with spinocerebellar ataxias and polyglutamine expansion, offering new potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
This observational study investigates COVID-19 outcomes in patients with multiple sclerosis, identifying factors associated with disease severity. The research highlights the importance of understanding the intersection of these two conditions to develop effective treatment strategies.
A survey of over 1,000 MS patients in Oregon found that an overwhelming majority use complementary and alternative medicine, including dietary supplements, mind-body therapies, and exercise. The study suggests a shift towards greater openness between patients and healthcare providers about the use of alternatives.
Researchers found that infecting patients with a safe dose of Necator americanus induces immunoregulatory responses and boosts regulatory T cells, which help control the immune system. The study showed that more than half of patients receiving the hookworm had no new lesions at all.