Articles tagged with Neural Networks
The Wyss Center is working on a $19M project to develop a high-resolution, implantable neural interface network that can record and stimulate neural activity. The system, dubbed 'neurograins', aims to provide new treatments for sensory deficits and monitor physiological parameters in real-time.
Researchers develop fully automated method to analyze neural networks trained on visual data, shedding light on node firing patterns and emphasis on different visual properties. The approach provides specific insights into the organization of human brain and computer vision algorithms.
A study from UT Southwestern Medical Center reveals a network of neurons vital for learning vocalizations in songbirds, which may hold clues to addressing speech disorders in humans. The discovery complements ongoing research into the brain's role in vocal learning and its potential applications for treating neurodevelopmental conditions.
Researchers used mathematics and MRI to better understand how neurological disorders affect brain connections. They discovered sub-networks called eigenmodes, which communicate information between brain regions.
Researchers at Cleveland Clinic conducted the first randomized controlled trial of DBS for neuropathic pain, targeting brain structures related to emotion and behavior. The study showed significant improvements in indices of depression, anxiety, and quality of life, suggesting a potential shift away from analgesia-based treatments.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new technique that reduces computational overhead for deep learning by up to 95% using hashing, a tried-and-true data-indexing method. The technique blends locality-sensitive hashing and sparse backpropagation to achieve significant savings in energy and time.
Researchers at UC Berkeley created a robot called DexNet 2.0 that can pick up and move unfamiliar objects with high accuracy, using deep learning to learn grasps for 6.7 million 3D shapes.
A team of Kyoto University researchers has successfully used neural network-based artificial intelligence to decode and predict visual content in the human brain. The technology, known as Deep Neural Network (DNN), shows promise for improving brain-machine interfaces and potentially even understanding consciousness.
A recent study from the Center for BrainHealth found that strategic brain training positively affects neural connectivity for individuals with TBI. The research challenges the widely held belief that recovery from a TBI is limited to two years after an injury.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new memristor chip that can process complex data, such as images, much faster and with less power than traditional systems. Inspired by how mammals see, the chip uses pattern recognition to shortcut energy-intensive processes.
Researchers have discovered how the enteric nervous system, a complex network of nerve cells in the gut, is formed during mouse development. The study reveals that individual progenitor cells produce specific types of cells, which form overlapping columns and exhibit synchronized activity.
A neural explanation for 'monkey see, monkey do' involves a specialized circuit in primates analyzing social interactions like grooming and fighting. The study found that brain networks associated with visual features are highly active when observing these interactions, similar to the human brain's social interaction systems.
Researchers developed a neural network-based method to stylize photos without losing original image details. The technique uses deep machine learning to preserve boundaries and edges while transferring styles.
A NJIT graduate student has won an IBM fellowship to develop computer systems that mimic the human brain's architecture. The goal is to raise computers' learning and inference capabilities while lowering energy consumption.
The article discusses the challenges of copyright protection in the era of automated art, particularly with the rise of Deep Neural Networks. While DNN creations can generate original works, the issue of attribution and originality remains complex due to varying national laws and human inputs.
Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute found that neurons can form networks independently of synaptic activity, suggesting genetic programs control neural circuit assembly. These findings were confirmed by a complementary study at the Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine.
Researchers developed a new method to measure brain health by analyzing neural networks' responses to artificial touch experiences provided by a finger prosthesis. The technique offers precise insights into the cooperation between neurons and can reflect the entire brain's health, providing potential breakthroughs in neurological disea...
Researchers developed high-speed computational software 'Parallel STEPS' to model neuronal interactions and functions. The new approach achieved significantly improved performance, enabling faster simulation of complex models and revealing new insights into individual neuron behavior.
Researchers observe how large groups of neurons learn and unlearn a new association in the brain, blurring lines between stimuli. The findings have implications for studying emotional memory disorders like PTSD.
Researchers from the University of Granada found a close association between magnetic systems and certain brain activity states, including 'spin-glass' states that can lead to frozen neuronal activity. This study provides a novel theoretical framework for understanding biological mechanisms behind destabilization of these states.
New insights reveal that inhibitory neurons contribute to finely-tuned networks in the cortex, linking together neurons with similar functional properties. This discovery raises important questions about how these connections are formed during development.
Swiss researchers use neural networks to challenge the resolution limit of telescopes, recovering features that were previously invisible. The technique, inspired by a generative adversarial network, achieves better results than previous methods, such as deconvolution, and has vast potential for future astronomical observations.
The proposed SA-RBF-TSE algorithm corrects TDOA measurements using a Self-Adaptive RBF neural network and improves position estimation. It adapts the number of RBF nodes and center vector based on error distribution, resulting in high accuracy and reliability compared to other algorithms.
Researchers Juan Cassasquilla and Roger Melko repurpose Google's TensorFlow algorithm to distinguish phases of a simple magnet and find the boundary between phases. The successful results open up new opportunities for research and potential real-world applications in condensed matter physics.
Researchers at University of Bristol and UCLan uncover new type of LTP controlled by kainate receptors, promising therapeutic strategies for dementia and epilepsy. The study's findings have far-reaching implications for understanding memory and neurodegenerative disorders.
A new chip designed by MIT researchers has the potential to make voice control ubiquitous in electronics, offering significant power savings. The chip's ability to minimize memory bandwidth and compress weights associated with each node enables efficient speech recognition, making it practical for relatively simple electronic devices.
Researchers developed a novel neural network method that can categorize complex datasets without prior knowledge. By using an 'act as if' principle, they trained networks to mimic human intuition, allowing them to identify boundaries in data. This method has potential applications in physics analysis, machine learning, and data mining.
Researchers discovered that an algorithm called additive increase, multiplicative decrease (AIMD) is used both in engineered systems like the Internet and biological networks like the human brain. This finding sheds light on how the brain manages information and potentially helps understand learning disabilities.
Scientists developed a generative neural network to create new pharmaceutical medicines with specific properties. The network, trained on millions of molecular structures, identified 69 potential anticancer compounds and hundreds more using a powerful extension of the method.
Neuroscientist David Heeger proposes a new theory that explains how the brain uses prediction and inference to make decisions. The brain's neural network can process sensory input in a feedforward manner, but also runs in a feedback mode to generate predictions, and combines both modes for optimal performance.
Researchers discovered two distinct neural networks controlling the balance between speed and accuracy when making decisions. The subthalamic nucleus region plays a key role in this process, with one network requiring more information for accurate decisions and another lowering the threshold for quick choices.
Researchers used rabies viruses to visualize neural transplant integration in mouse brains, revealing region-specific connections between transplanted cells and host neurons. The approach opens new prospects for predicting and optimizing the ability of neural transplants to functionally integrate into a host nervous system.
A new computational model reveals a winner-take-all operation is enabled by a configuration of inhibitory neurons. The model, developed by MIT researchers, uses theoretical computer science to prove that a specific arrangement of inhibitory neurons is necessary for the operation.
Researchers found that inhibitory brain cells form maps that broaden with maturation, unlike excitatory neurons which refine and define areas. This discovery sheds light on how the brain organizes and processes information.
Researchers at MIT's CSAIL have developed a new system that analyzes correspondences between images and spoken descriptions to train speech-recognition systems. The system can potentially provide automatic speech recognition for less-resourced languages, leading to fully automated translation capabilities.
Research reveals long projecting neurons coordinate fore- and hindlimb movements, maintaining stability and rhythm. Elimination of these neurons impairs running speed and coordination.
Researchers at U of T Engineering developed an AI algorithm that learns directly from human instructions, exceeding conventional training methods by 160% and outperforming its own training by 9%. The algorithm's potential lies in applying heuristic training to fields like medicine and transportation.
Researchers have developed a new method to record brain activity in living mice, capturing the dynamic activity of thousands of neurons in three dimensions. The technique, known as 'light sculpting,' uses laser pulses to illuminate and analyze the activity of neurons within specific layers of the brain.
Researchers at MIT's CSAIL have developed a new way to train neural networks that provide not only predictions and classifications but also rationales for their decisions. The system consists of two modules: one extracts segments of text from training data and scores them, while the other performs prediction or classification tasks.
Researchers successfully integrated transplanted embryonic nerve cells into the visual cortex of adult mice, demonstrating functional connectivity and restoration of network function. This breakthrough holds promise for treating acquired brain diseases, including neurodegenerative illnesses and stroke-induced damage.
Researchers discovered that bilinguals use distinct neural networks to read languages with phonetic and orthographic correspondence, such as Basque, from those without it, like English. The findings have significant implications for teaching reading to adults and children.
A new technology, developed by University of Calgary researchers, enables recording brain cell activity for weeks with higher resolution than conventional methods. This allows researchers to investigate neurological diseases and cognitive functions like learning and memory in animal models.
A study using MRI found significant structural differences in the brains of children with PTSD compared to those without. The findings suggest a shift towards a more localized network structure, which may be a target for future treatments. This research could help develop new interventions for pediatric PTSD.
A new tool developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory enables researchers to interactively explore brain hierarchical processes and shed light on neurological diseases like Alzheimer's. Brain Modulyzer combines multiple views of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to provide context for brain connectivity data.
Researchers at the Universities of Dundee and Strathclyde have identified a mechanism that allows neurons to protect against spreading brain damage. The discovery, published in Scientific Reports, suggests that stimulating this network activity could limit major brain damage and shorten recovery periods.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that language learning boosts brain activity and increases neuroplasticity, leading to improved information processing. The more languages a person knows, the faster their brain adapts to new information.
A new app developed by Cornell researchers uses artificial intelligence to identify furniture brands and retailers based on photos of products. The system was trained using crowdsourced images and can search a vast database of iconic images from manufacturers' catalogs or specialized websites.
A novel imaging technique allows visualization and monitoring of structural alterations in neuronal networks after traumatic brain damage, stroke, or aging processes. This enables detection and characterization of diseases like dementia, epilepsy, and metabolic disorders.
Researchers demonstrate that groups of activated neurons can form the basic building blocks of learning and memory. They used optogenetic tools to control and observe brain activity in living mice, finding that neural ensembles can be artificially implanted and replayed.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover that the timing of brain activity, not just the number of spikes, is crucial for recognizing shapes and perceiving the world. The study's findings have potential applications in developing more accurate visual prosthetics for people with blindness.
A new study reveals an evolutionary universal brain structure that enables comparisons of cortical networks between species. This common architecture provides insights into brain disorders such as Alzheimer's and schizophrenia.
Researchers created a mini-brain model to study idiopathic autism, revealing early neuronal overgrowth and dysfunctional cortical networks. The model shows a defective Wnt pathway and misregulated neurotransmitters, leading to reduced excitatory synapses and functional defects.
Researchers identified 'stop cells' in the brainstem of mice and lampreys that quickly end movement by activating neural networks. The study provides new insights into the neuronal control of movement termination in vertebrates.
Recent breakthroughs in creating artificial systems that outplay humans in games are rooted in neural networks inspired by information processing in the brain. The complementary learning systems theory explains how humans and animals learn, highlighting its potential importance as a framework for AI development.
Scientists have discovered a special neural network in the primate brain that anticipates all possible situations, allowing for novel behavior adaptation. This 'reservoir computing' property enables the brain to create a universal representation of combinations, preparing primates for unlimited situations.
New research reveals that hierarchy in biological networks arises due to cost constraints on connections, leading to more efficient networks. This finding may accelerate the development of complex computational brains in AI and robotics.
Researchers from KU Leuven have developed machines that can learn to tell the difference between familiar and unfamiliar objects, such as a blurred shape on the road. This technology has the potential to improve self-driving car safety by allowing machines to make more reasonable decisions in new situations.
Researchers at MIPT create electronic synapses based on HfO2 memristors, exhibiting properties similar to biological synapses. The devices can model complex learning mechanisms, including LTP and LTD, and demonstrate spike-timing-dependent plasticity.
Researchers at Numenta Inc. have published a new theory on how networks of neurons in the neocortex learn sequences, providing a breakthrough in understanding neural circuits.
Researchers at UCSB have mapped the network of circadian neurons that communicate to re-establish synchronization, finding a 'small-world structure' with hubs and short paths for communication. This discovery sheds light on how the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) regulates essential functions like sleep and hormone release.