Articles tagged with Brain Tumors
Researchers used long-read sequencing to identify novel mutational patterns and complex genomic rearrangements in cancer genomes, including those associated with liposarcoma. This approach offers a more comprehensive understanding of DNA mutations and their impact on cell function.
Researchers have developed a new technique that combines real-time images with short-wave infrared light to differentiate between cancerous tumours and healthy tissue. This innovation has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for neuroblastoma patients by allowing surgeons to remove cancerous cells more precisely.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that normalizing glioblastoma blood vessels using an antibody against VEGF improves the infiltration of CAR-T cells into tumors in mice, inhibiting tumor growth and prolonging survival. This approach may also improve CAR-T therapy against other solid tumors.
Researchers have discovered that high-grade glioma brain tumors have LDL receptors, which could be targeted by drugs already in development. The study's findings pave the way for using nanoparticle-based therapies to starve the tumors of energy and cause disruptions to their growth and spread.
Researchers have identified a key cause of metastasis from aggressive brain cancer in children and found a potential new therapy. Medulloblastoma cells hijack neurodevelopmental signaling pathways to promote tumor cell spreading. Targeting these pathways with a drug called dasatinib has shown promise in killing metastatic tumors.
Two compounds, A5 and C1, have shown promising results in inhibiting the growth of glioblastoma cells, a type of aggressive brain cancer. Further research is needed to confirm their effectiveness on normal nerve cells and to move towards clinical trials.
A new approach using nanoparticles has been shown to transport drugs across the blood-brain barrier in mice with medulloblastoma. The nanoparticles target a protein called P-selectin, which binds naturally to cancer cells, and trigger transcytosis to deliver drugs to brain tissue.
Researchers created a novel approach to deliver anti-cancer drugs directly to brain tumor sites in children, targeting specific locations while sparing normal brain regions. This targeted delivery method enhances the efficacy of existing treatments and reduces adverse side effects.
Researchers from UCL Cancer Institute found that head injuries may contribute to the development of gliomas, a type of aggressive brain tumour. Studies in mice and human populations suggest that genetic mutations acting with inflammation can change cell behavior, increasing cancer risk.
Glioblastoma patients have a median survival time of 15 months due to the rapid infiltration of brain tissue. Cellular senescence, previously thought to be only a marker of aging, is now linked to cancer progression, with senescent cells promoting tumor growth and immune evasion.
Researchers developed a new device to identify key membrane proteins in urine indicative of brain tumors. This could lead to early detection and increased survival rates for patients.
Researchers discovered a new approach to treating ependymoma, a rare childhood brain tumor, by targeting YAP fusion proteins. The study found that blocking the function of BRD4 gene expression regulator can prevent tumors from forming.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that losartan can reduce the expression of inflammatory enzymes responsible for immunotherapy-related edema. The study suggests that losartan may allow patients to continue receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors without developing adverse effects in the brain.
Researchers developed a translational step forward in treating brain tumors using intraventricular immunovirotherapy, which has shown safety and efficacy in recent clinical trials. This approach uses oncolytic herpes simplex virus type-1 to target high-grade glioma with promising results.
Researchers from UTSA and UT Health San Antonio are developing compounds that target the estrogen receptor-beta, which suppresses cancer growth. The goal is to identify a novel ER-beta agonist with potential as a therapeutic strategy for treating GBM in patients.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine discovered a gene, ZMYND8, that contributes to the survival of mutant IDH1 glioma cells in response to radiation. Knocking out ZMYND8 renders the cells radiosensitive, offering a new therapeutic avenue for patients.
A new study led by Massachusetts General Hospital researchers reveals that an investigational drug called YTX-7739 can delay the growth of brain tumors and increase their sensitivity to conventional chemotherapy. The drug works by inhibiting de novo lipid synthesis, a process used by cancer cells for energy production.
Researchers are launching a clinical trial testing azeliragon, a RAGE inhibitor, with chemoradiotherapy to re-sensitize brain tumours that resist radiotherapy. The trial aims to predict radioresistance in brain metastasis using liquid biopsy.
A team of researchers from Korea and USA identified the importance of lipid homeostasis in overcoming brain cancer radioresistance. They found that regulating diacylglycerol kinase B and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 could potentially sensitize brain cancer cells to radiotherapy, offering a new treatment strategy.
A computational model predicts brain tumour growth using MRI data, providing valuable insights for clinicians. The study uses anonymous patient data to develop a predictive model for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) growth, which can be used to inform treatment decisions.
Researchers discovered a drug combination that targets immune evasion pathways in MYC amplified Medulloblastoma, a fatal childhood brain cancer. The treatment uses epigenetic drugs to unblock 'don't eat me' pathways and make tumors more appealing to macrophages.
A new study has mapped the parts of the brain that support fluid intelligence, a key feature of human cognition. The research found that patients with damage to the right frontal regions performed poorly in tasks requiring problem-solving and reasoning.
A team of researchers from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has made a breakthrough in understanding the deadly brain cancer glioblastoma. By linking the BRD8 protein to another key protein, P53, they have identified a potential target for new treatments that could extend patient survival and improve outcomes.
UCSF researchers identified glioma's cellular source of recurrent disease, finding cells shift to mesenchymal, radiation-resistant phenotype in response to standard therapy. Paracrine signals from tumor microenvironment drive this transition through AP1 pathway, leading to therapy resistance and tumor recurrence.
Researchers found that Black patients were more likely to be recommended against surgical removal of their brain tumors, regardless of tumor size or socioeconomic status. The study provides a basis for future research on racial bias in clinical decision-making and its impact on patient outcomes.
Researchers have identified three new subtypes of glioblastoma, a type of brain cancer, based on the presence of specific non-cancer cells. These subtypes may help identify targeted therapies, such as immunotherapies, for improved patient outcomes.
A massive collaborative study using federated learning developed a model that enhances identification and prediction of boundaries in three tumor sub-compartments without compromising patient privacy. The dataset, comprising 6,314 glioblastoma patients from 71 sites globally, is the largest and most diverse ever considered.
Scientists have developed a detailed 'atlas' of human fetal brain development, revealing the origin of aggressive medulloblastomas. The study identifies a collection of progenitor cells that give rise to these tumors and provides potential targets for therapy.
A study published in Trends in Cancer suggests that targeting vulnerabilities in glioblastoma cancer cells, which maintain resemblance to the cells of origin, may lead to effective therapies. The research aims to identify ways to block these identity shifts and develop personalized treatments.
A study by HSE researchers found that only the left inferior frontal gyrus is critically involved in action naming, which could help preserve speech in patients after brain surgery. The study used fMRI and rTMS to stimulate the brain and found that stimulating this region led to more accurate action naming.
Kevin McHugh, a Rice bioengineer, has received the Distinguished Scientist Award from The Sontag Foundation for his work on gene editing to defeat glioblastoma multiforme. His approach involves delivering gene therapy agents directly to tumor cells, aiming to improve survival and reduce side effects.
Researchers demonstrate a new way to deliver medication to malignant brain tumors in mice, using a modified peptide that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The study shows promising results, with a 50% increase in survival rate for treated mice, and offers hope for future treatment breakthroughs.
The DiaQNOS project aims to develop quantum sensors for improved brain tumor surgery. Magnetic field sensors will refine neuronavigation, enabling more precise incision paths. Researchers from Mainz University and partners will create a device suitable for use in surgery.
A new study successfully tested an implantable pump that delivers chemotherapy directly to the brain, bypassing the blood-brain barrier. The treatment effectively kills brain tumor cells and offers a safe way to treat patients with brain cancer.
Researchers developed a mouse model of pediatric glioma with a histone mutation called H3.3-G34, revealing a promising outlook for long-term survival through radiation therapy combined with small-molecule inhibitors. The treatment approach also showed immune memory, allowing mice to eliminate new tumor growth without additional treatment.
Researchers have discovered two novel drugs that can block the growth and shrink the size of schwannoma tumors, a type of nerve sheath tumor found in the nervous system. The treatment works by inhibiting the Hippo signaling pathway, which is dysregulated in multiple types of cancer.
Scientists have uncovered the mechanics of the blood-tumour barrier in medulloblastoma, a malignant paediatric brain tumour. By silencing a specific ion channel, researchers found that chemotherapy medication etoposide was better able to cross the barrier and treat the tumour cells.
Researchers found that reducing SAMHD1 levels made brain tumor cells sensitive to chemotherapy drugs and slowed cell growth. They also suspect that glioblastoma alters SAMHD1's function to aid its own survival and treatment resistance.
A novel algorithm uses near-infrared spectroscopy to estimate intracranial pressure (ICP) based on hemoglobin levels. The research validates the accuracy of this method using invasive ICP data.
WayPath Pharma has been awarded a $225,000 Phase I Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) award to develop new metabolic drugs targeting tumor stem cells and crossing the blood-brain barrier. The funding aims to advance treatment options for glioblastoma, a highly aggressive brain cancer with limited treatment options.
Researchers discovered that animal models with germline alteration rs55705857 developed gliomas significantly faster than those without the alteration. The study offers new insights into tumor formation and may lead to novel therapies targeting this specific change.
A new study has uncovered a previously unknown genetic process that could inform the development of novel treatment options for glioblastoma (GBM), a virtually incurable brain tumor. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway and long non-coding RNA molecules, such as lncEPAT, play critical roles in GBM tumorigenesis.
Researchers developed a biosensor that can detect brain cancer from minute blood samples using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. The test distinguishes primary brain tumors from secondary tumors and predicts tumor location within the brain with high accuracy.
Researchers have identified a small molecule drug, SHP656, that can target the circadian clock proteins responsible for glioblastoma's recurrence and spread. The drug has shown promise in reducing cancer stem cell growth without harming normal stem cells.
A potential new treatment for glioblastomas, a deadly form of brain tumor, is being researched using the medication letrozole. Studies have shown that letrozole can be effective in killing tumor cells and reaching target tissue safely.
A new biomarker called SPRIGHTLY could distinguish between two aggressive types of brain tumors in children: Group 3 and Group 4 medulloblastomas. The biomarker is highly expressed in Group 4 medulloblastomas, which have a poorer prognosis.
Researchers have discovered that group 3 and group 4 medulloblastoma arise from the rhombic lip, a structure present in early cerebellum development. This finding helps better understand the biology of the disease and develops new research models to guide therapeutic targets.
Researchers have discovered that a type of pediatric brain tumour, medulloblastoma, develops in a pre-malignant form during human fetal brain development. This finding suggests that medulloblastomas could be preventable by identifying the genetic variations that cause them and acting before they develop.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University develop a groundbreaking method to eradicate glioblastoma brain tumors by targeting astrocytes and starving them of energy. The study found that in the absence of these brain cells, tumor cells die and are eliminated, offering a promising basis for developing effective medications.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding the molecular mechanisms of supratentorial ependymoma, a rare and aggressive form of childhood brain cancer. By targeting the Hedgehog signaling pathway and primary cilia formation, scientists discovered new potential treatments that overcame resistance to existing drugs.
A new study found that high-grade gliomas remodel the surrounding brain environment to protect tumour cells and hide them from the body's defences. Lower grade tumours often develop a new mutation allowing rapid cell division, potentially progressing to higher grade forms.
Researchers have developed an immunity-boosting postoperative treatment that could prevent glioblastoma relapse by targeting cancer stem cells with nanoparticles. The injectable gel promotes the cancer-killing immune response and reduces toxic side effects.
Researchers at University of Bristol developed mathematical models to assess biomarkers for detecting glioblastomas, a type of brain cancer. The study found that lowering the current biomarker threshold could lead to earlier detection using blood tests.
Virginia Tech scientists have developed a novel 3D tissue-engineered model of the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment to learn why tumors return and what treatments will be most effective. The model accounts for cell types, fluid flow, and other aspects of the actual tumor environment, allowing for easy testing of drug therapies.
Researchers discover gene AVIL responsible for deadly brain tumor also causes two forms of childhood cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma. Blocking AVIL activity prevents formation of the disease in lab samples and mouse models.
Researchers have found that targeting the GLI protein is more effective in treating medulloblastoma than previously thought, with a potential breakthrough in reducing tumor aggressiveness. The study's findings offer new hope for improving treatment outcomes and survival rates for children with this rare cancer.
A team at Baylor College of Medicine found that Sox9, a well-known transcription factor, affects brain tumor growth differently in various tumor types. The study revealed distinct mechanisms for regulating epigenetic patterns, which may lead to new possibilities for developing novel therapies.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed a blood test that can detect multiple mutations associated with brain cancer, including EGFRvIII. The test showed high sensitivity and specificity, making it a powerful tool for diagnosing gliomas and monitoring tumor progression.
Researchers uncovered details about the underlying biology of melanoma brain metastases, including genomics, immunology, and spatial organization. The study found that melanoma brain metastases are more chromosomally unstable than other types of metastases, with potential therapeutic targets in reduced chromosomal instability.
A study by Michigan Medicine researchers has identified oncostreams, highly active cells connected to brain tumor growth and invasion. The team found that eliminating Collagen 1 production from tumor cells reduces tumor aggressive behavior. This discovery could lead to novel therapeutic targets for treating lethal brain tumors.