Articles tagged with Gender
Researchers found a 4% lower relative risk of dying prematurely and a 5% lower relative risk of being readmitted for patients treated by female physicians. The association remained consistent across various clinical conditions and severity of illness, suggesting that patient selection did not explain the results.
Researchers found that clownfish can change hormone levels to become female and restore balance after the death of a female. The team identified key molecular pathways involved in this process, including aromatase, which is linked to estrogen production.
A study found that marijuana use prevalence increased by 6% among men earning less than $20,000 annually between 2007 and 2014, compared to only 2% for women in the same income group. This widening gender gap is linked to economic hardship and insecurity during the Great Recession.
A new website created by Nicole Hassoun and a group of professors and students at Binghamton University uses big data to rank university philosophy departments and academic journals by gender, highlighting the underrepresentation of women in philosophy. The site aims to provide better data for setting targets and evaluating performance...
Research by Larry Martinez at Portland State University found that transgender employees' feelings of job satisfaction and alignment with their organizations increased as they transitioned further. Supportive coworkers who validated their preferred gender identity were key to more positive attitudes.
A Viewpoint article published in JAMA outlines a compelling rationale for stratifying medical research data by sex, gender or both. The Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines aim to improve reporting standards, ensuring robust raw data for meta-analyses and better health outcomes.
A new study by NYU researchers found that charter schools enroll a larger share of girls than traditional public schools, with the gap peaking at 3.1 percentage points in high school. Boys are also more likely to exit charter schools than girls, but this difference is not enough to fully explain the gender gap.
Using natural language processing, researchers found that people often incorrectly categorize individuals based on gender, age, education level, or political orientation. The study also reveals how multiple stereotypes can affect each other, leading to false conclusions about individuals.
A new study from the University of Washington provides insight into how children perceive their social identities in middle childhood. Children aged 7-12 rate gender as more important than race, with their perceptions influenced by personal and societal factors.
The study found that economic and inequality variables significantly impact healthcare workforce production, with more schooling correlating to a better nurse-to-population ratio. Gender inequality is also a significant factor, with nurse/midwife production being more sensitive to broader gender issues than physician production.
Research by Iowa State University professor Tessa Ditonto found that women candidates who are perceived as competent can win elections just like men. However, voters are more forgiving of men who appear incompetent. The study suggests that women should focus on their qualifications and policies to overcome gender stereotypes.
A new analysis by NYU's Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development reveals that girls outperform boys in math, especially among top achievers. Teachers also lower ratings for girls' math skills when they perform similarly to boys.
The study finds that women are closing the gap with men in terms of alcohol consumption and related health issues. The trend is most noticeable among young adults, with women's drinking habits approaching parity with those of men, particularly among those born between 1991 and 2000.
A new UW study examines gender disparities across STEM fields and finds that a masculine culture discourages women from participating. The researchers identify three main factors: a masculine culture that makes women feel like they don't belong, a lack of pre-college experience in certain fields, and stereotypes about women's abilities.
A recent study by Brigham Young University's Jessica Preece found that women are less likely to respond to recruitment efforts due to biased assumptions about help and support. Meanwhile, adjusting the tone of messages can increase women's political interest and participation. To address these disparities, parties must be cautious of b...
A recent study published in ACS' Journal of Proteome Research found that snake venom protein profiles vary depending on age, gender, and diet. The researchers discovered significant differences in venom gland proteins between infant and adult snakes, as well as between males and females.
Researchers found that discovery metaphors shape people's perceptions of good ideas and creators' abilities. The 'light bulb metaphor implies sudden inspiration', while the 'seed metaphor suggests nurtured effort'. This bias affects how people perceive female inventors, with seed metaphors increasing perceptions of genius.
A recent review published in Frontiers in Physiology challenges long-held views that abstinence from sexual activity can improve athletic performance. Research suggests that sex before competition may have a beneficial effect on marathon runners' performance and does not negatively impact performance.
A new study found that letters of recommendation for women in STEM fields are less likely to portray them as outstanding candidates compared to men. The study analyzed 1,224 letters from over 500 institutions worldwide and found that women were only half as likely to receive excellent recommendations.
A study published in BMC Public Health found that people's judgements of their own levels of intoxication and associated risks are related to the drunkenness of their peers, not objective alcohol consumption. Participants were more likely to underestimate their drinking when surrounded by others who were intoxicated.
A new study highlights the importance of strengthening family support as a key intervention in preventing suicide among homosexual, bisexual, and transgender (SGM) youth. The research emphasizes the need for an intersectional approach to address SGM-specific challenges, including health needs and stigma.
A study by the University of Toronto found that age and gender can affect car prices, with older women paying an average of $200 more than younger counterparts. Doing research on prices and quotes before negotiating can help consumers save thousands of dollars.
Researchers conducted focus groups with Special Operations personnel and found that female soldiers' experiences refute stereotypes about women's ability to serve in combat units. The study suggests that the military needs to shift its mindset and train soldiers to address underlying assumptions of male soldiers.
A University of Utah study contradicts traditional expectations by finding that surpluses of men are associated with higher levels of marriage, relationship commitment and paternal involvement. This challenges the prevailing notion that an abundance of single men lead to outcomes of crime, violence and broken homes.
A study by Krysti Ryan explores the journeys of parents who are supporting their transgender or gender-diverse children. Mothers play a central role as advocates for their children, often becoming experts on gender diversity and reinforcing traditional gender stereotypes.
A new study by Natasha Quadlin and Long Doan found that Americans' attitudes toward household labor are influenced more by partner's sex and gender traits rather than relative income. In heterosexual couples, women were expected to handle most domestic tasks, while men were responsible for outdoor chores.
In a study of young men attending a therapeutic boarding school, researchers found that they adopted more feminine behaviors to assert dominance and maturity. These hybrid masculinities were positively valued by women, employers, and educational organizations, contributing to the flexibility of patriarchy.
A new study by Tulane University sociologists explores the relationship between bartending and perceptions of successful adulthood. The researchers found that bartenders perceive their jobs as precluding them from achieving normal benchmarks of adult life, such as long-term intimate relationships and family life.
A new study by the University of Kent found that schedule control increases overtime hours and income for both men and women, but men reap the greatest benefit. The research suggests that this may lead to a widening of the gender pay gap, even when controlling for factors such as occupation and ambition.
A new study published in The Journal of Urology reveals that female urologists perform more procedures on women and have higher surgical volumes for gender-specific cases. This finding challenges the assumption that women prefer to see female physicians, with results showing a significant difference in treatment rates across regions.
A study of 250 transgender people in Mexico City found that distress and dysfunction were more strongly predicted by experiences of social rejection and violence than by gender incongruence itself. The researchers suggest that removing the diagnosis of transgender identity from mental disorders classification could improve health care ...
A recent study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that gender matching is crucial for successful corneal transplants. Women who receive male donor corneas are more likely to experience rejection and failure, with a higher proportion of mismatched grafts failing or rejecting compared to female-to-female transplan...
A new study suggests that donor and recipient gender incompatibility may lead to poorer corneal transplant outcomes for women. Incompatible grafts were found to fail or be rejected more frequently in men-to-female mismatched transplants, highlighting the importance of gender matching in improving patient success rates.
A new study reveals that a simple GAGA DNA sequence is essential for dosage compensation in insects, allowing males to achieve double gene expression on their X chromosome. This process likely evolved independently among different species and may be applicable to other animals, including mammals.
A new study by Colorado State University researchers suggests that women's decision to leave a STEM path after Calculus I is largely driven by confidence in their math abilities, rather than ability itself. If the same percentage of women as men stuck with STEM after Calc I, the percentage of women entering the STEM workforce could be ...
Research by Cornell University finds that high school training for blue-collar jobs penalizes women in the labor market, reducing their odds of enrolling in college and earning comparable wages. Men in these communities benefit from vocational courses and higher rates of employment, but women face significant disparities.
Research finds that early behavior problems negatively impact boys' educational outcomes more significantly than girls', perpetuating the existing gender gap in US education. Boys with similar behavioral issues tend to complete fewer years of schooling and are more likely to be held back.
A study by Hiroshima University reveals that women in Japan are more likely to accept employer-provided retirement savings plans over self-managed options. This phenomenon is linked to the 'Prince Charming Syndrome,' where women believe a future spouse will take care of their financial security.
A study investigated risk factors for progressive kyphosis after a thoracolumbar spine injury. The authors analyzed X-rays of patients with traumatic spinal fractures to determine the relationship between fracture type, patient characteristics (AO classification, age, gender, and localization), and post-traumatic kyphosis.
A new Series in The Lancet highlights the need for action on transgender health, with 60% of trans people experiencing depression and a 50 times higher risk of HIV. The authors call for revisions to WHO's diagnostic manual, trained physicians, and inclusive anti-discrimination laws.
A new study by MIT sociologist Susan Silbey finds that women experience marginalization during team-based work projects, leading to disillusionment with their career prospects. Women tend to be assigned routine tasks or simple managerial duties, while men take on more challenging problems.
New research finds that artistic careers are subject to the same social forces driving gender wage gaps in other fields. Despite flexible nature of many artistic careers, female artists earn significantly less than their male counterparts, with a $19,884.30 difference on average.
A new study finds that mental health professionals overestimate their ability to identify mentally ill patients who may engage in firearm violence. The researchers conclude that mental health professionals need more training on firearms issues to prevent firearm trauma by the mentally ill, with a focus on firearm suicides.
The Nordic countries exhibit both high levels of gender equality and disproportionately high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women. Despite these contradictions, researchers believe that understanding the underlying causes may offer tools to combat IPV globally.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that nearly 17 million women and children in 24 sub-Saharan African countries are responsible for hauling water long distances, taking over 30 minutes per trip. This task puts them at risk of health problems, spinal pain, and injury.
A new study published in Violence and Gender journal found that nearly 2 of every 5 bisexual female college students were victims of sexual assault. Greek life was identified as a strong factor linked to higher prevalence of sexual assault for most student groups.
University of Utah researchers explore gender perception via speech, finding that adopting a clear speaking style can increase perceived femininity. However, the effect is small and variable, with male talkers showing larger changes in femininity ratings.
Research reveals significant gender disparity in referrals to a cardiac center in Northern India, with boys outnumbering girls by more than two-to-one. The study suggests that societal attitudes towards the value of girls contribute to this disparity, prompting calls for medical professionals and policymakers to address these issues.
Researchers create Quantitative Input Influence (QII) measures to provide insights into AI decision-making processes. The approach accounts for correlated inputs and quantifies the joint influence of multiple factors on outcomes.
A new study finds that 81.75% of transsexual individuals experience physical aggression, while 31.16% face discrimination in the workplace, contributing to mental health concerns like depression and social anxiety.
A new study finds that family rejection increases the risk of suicide attempts and substance misuse among transgender adults by over 42% and 26%, respectively. The research suggests that family support and acceptance are crucial in mitigating these health outcomes.
Research shows that girls from countries with high levels of gender equality perform better in math, with an increase of 7.47 points relative to boys. The study found a significant positive correlation between the Gender Gap Index and math scores, suggesting that values on women's role in society play a crucial role.
A University of Michigan study found that women prefer smaller competition sizes, which may contribute to pay gaps and the underrepresentation of women in certain fields. Women feel more comfortable in smaller groups, where communal behaviors are more normative.
Researchers found that screens alone could convince participants of a robot's femininity, eliminating the need for physical shape changes. This discovery may help develop customized robots for specific roles and populations, enhancing user experiences.
Researchers found that respecting patient preferences for physician gender and clothing preferences can increase comfort during full-body skin cancer checks. These simple steps may lead to higher rates of skin cancer detection, ultimately saving lives.
Research found a fifth of families rely on the father as the sole full-time breadwinner despite growth in dual earning households and non-standard working patterns. The study suggests a shift towards gender balance but notes that societal infrastructure still promotes traditional models
Researchers discovered that people's stereotypes can alter brain activity when viewing faces, making them appear more in line with biased expectations. The study found specific patterns of visual bias and neural activation, confirming stereotypical associations with the US population.
A comprehensive review of scientific research on sexual orientation reveals that non-heterosexual feelings are a small but nontrivial percentage of the population across cultures. The study suggests that biological and environmental factors jointly influence sexual orientation, with no evidence to support social learning or increased p...
A study of international data reveals that girls are more anxious about mathematics and STEM subjects compared to boys, with factors other than performance driving the difference. The research also found that parental views on the value of mathematics for daughters and sons do not explain the gap in anxiety levels.
Researchers discovered that adults assume babies with higher-pitched cries are female and those with lower-pitched cries are male. This study highlights how early exposure to gender stereotypes can affect our perceptions of babies' needs.