Articles tagged with Gender
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study found that countries with greater parity in measures of educational equality had more women and men reach the podium at the London 2012 and Sochi 2014 Olympic Games. The researchers suggest that gender stereotypes may limit the number of women and men viewed as potential high-performance athletes.
Researchers from Georgetown University's Institute for Reproductive Health developed strategies to change inequitable social norms resulting in gender-based violence. The study highlights the importance of community support, leaders, and positive social support in transforming gender roles.
A new study by Clemson University researchers explores self-presentation strategies of sports broadcasters Erin Andrews and Kirk Herbstreit on Twitter. The study reveals clear differences in their approaches, with Andrews focusing on personal items and entertainment, while Herbstreit provides sports-related commentary and analysis.
A Kansas State University study analyzed data on young drivers in Kansas and found significant differences between male and female drivers. Young females were more likely to wear a seatbelt, drive on restricted licenses, and be involved in crashes at intersections and with pedestrians.
A new study by Christin Munsch found that men who requested flexible work arrangements for childcare-related reasons were viewed more favorably than women with similar requests. Those who made flexible work requests for childcare were perceived as more respectable and likable, leading to greater support and approval from employers.
A recent IU study found a three-way interplay of gender, genetics and social integration influences substance abuse outcomes for men and women. Strong family ties can protect men's well-being, but strong social ties may overwhelm women with similar genetic sensitivity to stress.
A new study of the SOPHIE project reveals that traditional and contradictory family policies in Europe contribute to gender inequalities in health, particularly among women in Southern Europe. The Dual-earner model encourages labor force participation and redistributes caring work, leading to lower health disparities.
A recent study found racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol services utilization among women, with Latina and Black women showing lower rates of treatment. This disparity highlights the need for targeted outreach programs to address the unique needs of female minority drinkers.
A new paper from the University of Toronto suggests that gender quotas are more effective in countries with tight cultural norms, where people prioritize obedience and conformity. In contrast, loose cultures may struggle to implement policies due to disagreements over how to translate egalitarian principles into practice.
A new study found that children in households with two siblings are more likely to be obese if both siblings are overweight, regardless of the parent's weight. The data also showed that older siblings have a significant impact on younger sibling obesity risk, with boys being more susceptible to their male older siblings.
A new study found that 1 in 5 young women and 1 in 8 young men reported being victims or aggressors in violent dating situations, highlighting the need for healthcare providers to screen both genders. The study also suggests that those with depression or substance abuse issues are more likely to engage in violent behavior.
Researchers at the University of Granada found that colon cancer patients suffer from reduced physical function, fatigue, and loss of muscle strength due to treatment. This can lead to a significant decline in quality of life, affecting up to 40% compared to healthy individuals.
Uterine fibroids are the most common tumors of the female reproductive tract, causing abnormal bleeding and pelvic pressure symptoms. New medical and surgical uterine-conserving alternatives have become available, allowing flexible management of fibroid-related symptoms. The Journal Maturitas publishes a position statement outlining tr...
Experts disagree with comments on mass shootings, stating that there is a critical difference between prediction and prevention. Misconceptions about mass murder behavior are linked to ongoing research efforts and public education, while pre-incident behaviors and warning signs can be misread or overlooked.
A study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid researcher Clara Sainz de Baranda found that women appear in just 5.11% of sports newsprint, with men making up 92.2%. This disparity is reflected in the types of stories covered, with soccer being the most prominent sport, and achievements in other sports often relegated to short news items.
A Penn study found that people in online fitness programs ignore fitness aptitude when choosing partners and instead select contacts based on age, gender, and BMI. This self-selection may limit opportunities for discovering new health information.
A study by researchers at the University of Illinois found that severe hurricanes with feminine names result in a greater death toll due to people taking fewer protective measures. The analysis of over six decades of US hurricane deaths shows that storms with feminine names are seen as less foreboding, leading to increased vulnerability.
A new study finds that the brain of children with gender dysphoria reacts to androstadienone, a male musk-like steroid, in a way typical of their biological sex at puberty, but shifts to their experienced gender afterwards. This suggests a partial rewiring of the brain as children grow up.
A new study suggests that fathers' involvement in household chores plays a significant role in shaping their daughters' career goals. Girls growing up in households where domestic duties are shared more equitably are more likely to have broader career ambitions.
Research by Grand Valley State University researchers found a strong correlation between women's empowerment and international athletic success, including more medals won and increased participation. The study controlled for other factors like population and wealth to show that gender equality was key to Olympic success.
A study by Grand Valley State University researchers found that nations with greater women's empowerment tend to win more Olympic medals and participate in the games more, regardless of gender. The effect is strongest for female athletes, but also applies to men, with greater equality associated with better success.
A study published in Radiology found that males with concussions took an average of 66.9 days to recover, compared to 26.3 days for females. DTI scans revealed abnormalities in the white matter tract UF, which correlated with recovery time and was a stronger predictor than initial symptom severity.
Scientists found that smelling certain steroids affects people's perception of movement as masculine or feminine, depending on their biological sex and sexual orientation. The study reveals a sexually dimorphic response to pheromones in both heterosexual and homosexual individuals.
A study found that Twitter conversations among men feature fewer mentions of women compared to female-female conversations. The Bechdel test was applied to analyze the gender bias in social media platforms, revealing a male-biased environment on Twitter.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed an automated approach to aging babies to adults using variable lighting, expressions and poses. The technique works remarkably well, even with unrestrained conditions, and is comparable to manually created renderings.
Researchers explore the implications of the highly politicized debate surrounding Trayvon Martin's fatal shooting on issues of race, gender, and economic status in education. The case highlights the devastating impact of gun violence on black women, who face a higher homicide rate than any other group.
Women are less inclined to apply for jobs with advertisements featuring masculine traits such as assertiveness, independence, and analysis. In contrast, leadership skills are perceived as equally capable by both men and women, but women rate themselves and others lower in this area. Leaders who show gratitude and empathy, on the other ...
A study by UNC Chapel Hill sociologists found that women in mixed-sex startup teams are less likely to hold leadership roles, even when they adopt organizational templates like formal operating agreements. The researchers suggest that cultural expectations and the presence of children at home amplify these inequalities.
The article explores the connection between mass shooters' dress and behavior, highlighting potential risk factors for law enforcement and behavioral investigation teams. Researchers argue that identifying these characteristics could help prevent future acts of violence by allowing authorities to intervene earlier.
Recent mass killings were perpetrated by young males who may be driven by the copycat phenomenon, feeling alienated and marginalized, and easy access to firearms. The Journal explores these factors and their impact on prevention and threat assessment.
Research from Tel Aviv University reveals that current downsizing policies are reducing managerial diversity and increasing racial and gender inequalities. The study found that companies using tenure or position as core criteria for downsizing minimized the share of white women in management positions by 25 percent.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found that Instagram photos with human faces are 38% more likely to receive likes and 32% more likely to attract comments. The study, one of the first to examine engagement on image-sharing communities, also found that posting frequency and follower count can impact engagement.
Research suggests that factors such as bullying culture and a history of trauma contribute to the higher rate of sexual assault in the military compared to the general population. The military's response to these issues is also being examined.
A study found that children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit more gender variance, a wish to be the other gender, than their typically developing peers. The study also revealed higher rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms among these children.
A study found that children with autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are 7.59 times and 6.64 times more likely to express gender variance than their peers without these conditions. Participants with gender variance also experienced elevated anxiety and depression symptoms, but to a lesser extent among...
A study published in Springer's journal Sex Roles found that playing with Barbie dolls can restrict girls' career aspirations compared to playing with more neutral toys. The researchers suggest that the doll's unrealistic appearance and objectification may contribute to this effect.
Researchers found that older male workers are more likely to become self-employed due to a willingness to take risks and access to financial resources. In contrast, female workers may be forced into self-employment due to financial necessity, having fewer economic resources and less access to pensions.
Research by the University of Minnesota and Georgia Tech found that male Pinterest users are more interested in photography, art, design, and home decor than sports, technology, and cars. In contrast, women tend to focus on traditional female categories such as food and drink, crafts, and fashion.
Researchers found that peaceful cooperation triggers the alignment of social categories with coalitional alliances, regardless of race. The study's findings suggest that cognitive systems are specialized for detecting alliances in the social world, but do not necessarily link racial differences to patterns of cooperation and conflict.
The Violence and Gender journal examines complex issues in threat assessment and prevention, exploring factors related to the gender of perpetrators of violence. The inaugural issue delves into topics such as school shootings, mass killers, and military sexual assault.
A study by Jessi L. Smith and Meghan Huntoon found that gender norms about modesty contribute to women's reluctance to brag about their achievements. Interventions can help women communicate effectively about their successes. The research suggests that cultural shifts are needed, but practical strategies like promoting female friends' ...
A new study by MSU scholar Jennifer Watling Neal found that children believe gender plays a larger role in friendship than it does. This skewed perception can impact their relationships and future interactions with peers and colleagues.
A new study reveals that including at least one woman on a convening committee increases the proportion of female speakers by as much as 74%, while reducing the likelihood of all-male sessions. The inclusion of women on these committees promotes gender equity and could have a significant impact on career advancement for women in science.
A comparative study by Elhuyar Fundazioa found significant differences between the physical performance of men and women soccer players, with women displaying fatigue during high-intensity periods. The study also discovered no differences in technical and tactical aspects, suggesting that women play soccer 'in their own way'.
A new study examines whether objectifying women in TV shows causes harassing conduct, finding a causal link between the two. The researchers suggest that these portrayals create a normative context conducive to gender harassment.
Research from Concordia University shows that girls in single-sex schools report feeling more pressure to act like typical girls, while those in mixed-sex schools are less likely to be victimized by their peers. This highlights the negative repercussions of not conforming to gender roles in all-girls schools.
A study analyzing 5.4 million peer-reviewed articles found that women are significantly under-represented in authorship and citations, with men dominating fields like engineering and computer science. Regional and disciplinary differences were also observed, highlighting the need to address gender disparities in science research.
The latest themed issue of Reproductive Health Matters explores a new development paradigm to prioritize health, ensuring equitable care for all. The issue critiques the Millennium Development Goals model and advocates for a human rights approach to addressing health disparities.
New research shows Valley Girl dialect, known for rising pitch at the ends of sentences, is expanding to other demographic groups, including males. The study identified distinct melodic vocal patterns distinguishing uptalk questions from statements, busting stereotypes about insecurity and non-intellectualism associated with the dialect.
Research on tween television programs found that girls are portrayed as more attractive and concerned about their appearance, while boys are stereotypically depicted as brave in action-adventure genres. This can shape children's self-concepts and conceptions of gender roles.
Researchers found that listeners can accurately determine the relative heights of speakers just by listening to them talk, thanks to specific sounds produced in the lower airways. The key clue lies in subglottal resonances, which become progressively lower with increasing height.
Researchers found a six percentage point higher probability of small women-owned businesses obtaining loans than those with male owners. However, women-owned companies have lower profit rates and similar productivity as men's companies, suggesting no immediate reason to favor loans for women.
A new study finds that men tend to support gender equality in the workplace and report higher job satisfaction when they believe a woman can become CEO. The research, which surveyed over 6,500 workers from six formerly socialist countries, suggests that promoting women's advancement leads to increased productivity and revenue for firms.
A study examines how mainstream news coverage of transgender-related news and policy issues reflects entrenched views about gender, particularly the notion that women are weak and vulnerable. The authors found that perceived threats to women's spaces spur panic, but that clear policies can calm down such reactions.
The Population Council will showcase research on new contraceptive technologies, expanding access to family planning, and promoting gender equity. The conference highlights innovative solutions to improve the health and well-being of women and families in poor and underserved communities.
The October issue of Educational Researcher explores the role of sorting between boys and girls across public U.S. high schools in explaining the gender gap in college enrollment, particularly for black and Hispanic students. The study reveals that even modest amounts of gender sorting contribute to gender inequality in college entry.
A new study by Grand Valley State University researchers examines the criteria for determining gender in sex-segregated spaces, revealing a shift from biological factors to self-identity. The study finds that while self-identity is sufficient in many circumstances, biology still plays a significant role in these spaces, leading to 'gen...
A team of University of Pennsylvania researchers used Facebook data to develop computer models that accurately predicted users' age, gender, and personality traits. The study drew on a large dataset of Facebook status updates to identify linguistic patterns that correlated with specific characteristics.
Research published at EASD annual meeting shows having children lowers mortality in people with type 1 diabetes, particularly for women. Mortality rates are significantly higher among women with diabetes compared to controls, but having offspring reduces this disparity.
A new study published in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research found that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is beneficial for women, with a significant effect on cardiovascular performance compared to men. Women worked at a higher percentage of their maximum heart rate and oxygen consumption during HIIT.