Articles tagged with Gender
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study published in PLOS ONE reveals a significant correlation between women's domestic work and higher psychological distress. The research, led by Lisa Harryson of Umea University, also found that perceived socioeconomic and gender inequality in relationships can exacerbate this association.
Research reveals that individuals with uncertain sexual orientations, such as bisexuality, are more likely to experience heavy drinking and negative consequences from alcohol use. The study suggests that this phenomenon may be linked to stress and stigma associated with not fitting into traditional hetero- or homo- sexual categories.
Researchers at UGA found that judges' race and gender influence the assignment of majority opinions in state supreme courts. Black male judges were less likely to be assigned high-profile cases, while white female judges received more assignments than expected.
A new study reveals that male leaders who make mistakes are viewed as less competent and effective than female leaders in the same situation, with a greater impact on followers in masculine work domains. The researchers found that male leaders' errors are perceived more negatively, leading to decreased follower desire to work for them.
New research reveals that women stockbrokers often face a pay gap of up to 20%, despite equal sales abilities. Bias in commission-based pay and inferior account assignments contribute to the disparity, according to Prof. Janice Fanning Madden's study.
A new scale measures homophobia beyond name-calling, finding male victims bullied by both males and females equally. Only 3.5% of high school students are victimized by homophobic aggressors weekly.
The conference, Gender, Health & Creative Arts Therapies, will explore themes such as feminism/womanism and social justice, offering a platform for practitioners to share their experiences. Participants can expect rich artistic and music opportunities, including traditional Mohawk blessing ceremonies and performances.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine found that men are more likely to be readmitted to the hospital within 30 days of original discharge compared to women. Men had higher rates of 30-day readmission and were less likely to complete follow-up appointments with their primary care physician.
A study found that math teachers favor white male students over others, regardless of actual scores. This bias affects the math pipeline, perpetuating inequality and limiting opportunities for underrepresented groups.
A new study found that policy documents advocating for equal access to education oversimplify issues and fail to address the complexity of gender roles and culture. The researchers analyzed 300 policy documents from 14 agencies from 1995-2008, highlighting the limitations of language used in these documents.
In a recent study, migrant women in Central Illinois were found to be more resilient in controlling their environment through work and self-employment. They took on jobs such as childcare, cleaning, and cooking, which allowed them to adapt to economic crises.
A Princeton University study found that socioeconomic differences account for 80% of the life-expectancy divide between black and white men, and 70% for women. Socioeconomic factors such as income and education are significant contributors to the racial gap in mortality.
A study by Ruhr-University Bochum and University of Basel reveals that ADHD is often misdiagnosed based on heuristics rather than adhering to recognized diagnostic criteria. The researchers found that boys are substantially more likely to be misdiagnosed compared to girls, with male therapists also tending to give more frequent diagnoses.
A community-wide preventive initiative involving 10,000 adults significantly reduced cardiovascular risk factors, including smoking, stress levels, and hypertension. The program's success was attributed to its comprehensive approach, which included healthcare initiatives, worksite programs, and broad community engagement.
Women farmers produce a lower yield on their crops than male farmers by an average of 25 percent. A recent report shows differences in yield in the same household, with female farmers facing restrictions on access to labor and basic farm inputs.
A study found that cultural 'tightness' can prevent the emergence of women leaders in some countries, but also supports equal opportunities for both sexes. Societies with loose cultures, such as New Zealand and Norway, showed a high rate of female leadership, while culturally tight countries like Pakistan had low rates.
A large analysis of studies involving over 40,000 subjects found that women with chronic heart failure have a lower risk of death compared to men. The study also revealed that women are more likely to have preserved ejection fraction and less ventricular remodelling, which may contribute to their better survival rates.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that people's social dominance orientation influences how they perceive diversity. Those with high social dominance orientation tend to define diversity as having a mix of different occupations and racial groups, while those with low social dominance orientation focus on occupational...
A recent study analyzing the causes of women's trafficking in China reveals a staggering 30 million males unable to find female partners. The authors attribute this issue to a decades-long imbalance between births, which has created a lucrative market for human trafficking.
A new Harvard study found that children who don't conform to traditional gender roles are more likely to experience physical, psychological, and sexual abuse. Researchers also discovered that these individuals are at a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by early adulthood.
Children as young as preschool age tend to categorize objects as masculine, reflecting cultural and linguistic biases. The study found that bilingual children showed a different perspective on objects when speaking French, likely due to the language's structure and not necessarily their factual knowledge of biology.
A new study found Scotland's suicide rate surpassed that of England & Wales in 1968 and widened the gap by the early 1990s. The research suggests a significant increase in suicides among young Scottish men, particularly by hanging.
A new University of Georgia study reveals the gender wage gap has decreased sharply over 30 years, with a decline of nearly 50%, after accounting for common biases in survey data. The research found that men and women tend to underestimate income when reporting on someone else's behalf.
A Northwestern University study shows that India's affirmative action law for village councils has a positive impact on young women's aspirations and behavior. The law gave girls direct role models, leading to increased attendance at school and reduced household chores, as well as improved attitudes toward higher education goals.
A new study examines the relationship between observed workplace incivility towards same-gender colleagues and negative emotions. Female employees who witness rudeness towards female colleagues experience higher levels of anger, demoralization, fear, and anxiety. In contrast, male observers are more affected by observing uncivil behavi...
A new research study published in The FASEB Journal suggests a simple blood test can predict fetal gender as early as the first trimester. The test measures the ratio of enzymes DYS14 and GAPDH in maternal plasma, indicating if the baby will be a boy or girl.
A Queen's University study found that men prefer sons while women want daughters, despite cultural norms of gender neutrality. The results suggest an intrinsic desire to leave a legacy, with men envisioning this through male heirs.
A recent study examines the explanations for the math 'gender gap' and finds that many hypotheses fail to hold up. The research suggests that sociocultural factors, such as education and school attendance patterns, contribute to country-specific differences in boys' and girls' mathematics performance.
A recent international data analysis on school mathematics performance found that social and cultural factors, not biology, contribute to the math-gender gap. Countries with better gender equity have higher math scores for both boys and girls.
Research by Jean Malpas finds that a normal diversity of gender expression exists among children, who may identify as transgender or non-binary, and that multi-dimensional support is crucial for acceptance and protection
A new study highlights the perspectives of 20 Israeli women soldiers who've served in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, introducing new themes into women's discourse of protest. The research shows that military service can be a source of symbolic capital for women to legitimize criticism of the military and its actions.
Researchers found that people expressed higher levels of support for gender equality when supporters were not specified, but became less supportive when attributed to radical or extreme groups. This tactic allows opponents to get people to lose respect for the value it represents.
A recent study by Columbia Business School reveals that men's natural overconfidence in their past performance contributes significantly to the lack of female representation in upper management positions. The researchers found that while both men and women exhibit similar tendencies to exaggerate their performance, men consistently rat...
A new study published in Psychological Science found that an individual's sexism leads to gender inequality in society, with the largest study to date examining 57 countries. The research suggests that changing individual attitudes is crucial for achieving greater equality.
The European Science Foundation's report highlights key findings from a public consultation on the correlation between gender and innovation, emphasizing the importance of addressing leadership gaps and incorporating gender dimensions in research and innovation. The results advocate for increased policy intervention, funding opportunit...
A recent MU study found that religious and spiritual support is associated with better mental health outcomes for women and physical and mental health for men. Both genders benefit from social support provided by fellow congregants and involvement in religious organizations.
A recent review article examines how gender roles and stereotypes have shaped our understanding of sex and relationships, concluding that many assumptions are unfounded. The study aims to debunk myths and highlight the social factors driving human behavior in intimate settings.
A nationwide survey of nearly 1,000 US men reveals that most value fatherhood as much as or more than their careers. Cultural and identity factors play a significant role in shaping attitudes towards fatherhood, contradicting conventional notions of fathers as economic providers.
A study by Columbia Business School researchers finds that women's lower negotiation outcomes are driven by heightened concerns about social backlash, rather than a lack of capability or motivation. To address this, training programs should focus on coaching role shifting and reframing self-advocacy as other-advocacy.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that African-American women develop functional health challenges earlier than others, with a faster rate of reported physical limitations. This disparity is linked to intersectional factors such as gender, race/ethnicity, education, and socioeconomic status.
Researchers found that sex-segregated schools do not necessarily lead to better education outcomes, and may even reinforce gender stereotypes. The study suggests that coeducational settings can help students develop essential skills for interacting with others.
Researchers from Arizona State University examine the lack of evidence supporting single-sex schooling's benefits, citing increased gender stereotyping and institutional sexism instead. They argue that separating boys and girls can reinforce stereotypes and hinder positive interactions.
European women outlive men by an average of 6 years, with a higher proportion dying from cardiovascular diseases, while smoking and drinking habits contribute to the gender gap in life expectancy
A study of 30,077 STEMI patients found that the gender gap in treatment and mortality has not diminished over two time periods. Adherence to guidelines needs to be increased for women with STEMI to improve prognosis.
A study by Indiana University and Cornell University reveals that overworking is partly responsible for the slowdown in narrowing the gender wage gap. Women face more family obligations, limiting their availability for high-demand occupations, which often require long work hours.
A study of Texas women holding concealed handgun licenses reveals they are motivated by feelings of empowerment and a need for self-defense. However, this form of self-defense can also lead to increased vulnerability when unarmed, as their sense of strength and confidence reside in the firearm.
Women in urban Ecuador turn to direct sales as an alternative to low-paying jobs due to gender discrimination and caregiving responsibilities. Adjustable hours and demand for products make it a viable option.
Research by Christine Cheng and Margit Tavits found that the gender of party gatekeepers plays a crucial role in selecting female candidates for political office. Women are more likely to be nominated when local party presidents are also women, as this sends an encouraging signal to potential female candidates.
Research from Northwestern University finds that many Americans assume behavior is a product of personal choice, fostering the belief that opportunities are equal and gender barriers no longer exist. This framework, known as 'opting out,' can lead to a vicious cycle where women underestimate discrimination and overestimate their own ag...
A new study from Queen Mary University of London found that genetic traits contribute to female sexual orientation and gender nonconformity, with 25% influence on sexual orientation and 31% on childhood gender nonconformity.
Researchers found that practitioners' judgments of patients with Parkinson's disease were influenced by cultural and gender stereotypes, leading to inequitable healthcare. Facial masking, a condition where faces lose expression, was particularly stigmatizing for women and men from different ethnic backgrounds.
A new UT Dallas study is investigating whether a rise in female executives spurs greater gender diversity across all company ranks. Researchers are looking at the 'trickle-down effect' of women breaking through into executive roles and joining boards, with hopes to inform management strategies for expanding women's roles.
Researchers found that women are more likely to survive after gastrointestinal surgeries than men, particularly those before menopause. Female patients had lower mortality rates in various procedures, suggesting that female hormones may enhance the immune system.
Consumers recall ads better when they think about the groups they belong to. The study found that thinking about group membership influences memory for advertising by unconsciously connecting new information to existing group associations.
A new University of British Columbia study found that women are least attracted to smiling, happy men, while men are most attracted to happy women. The study explored first impressions of sexual attraction and discovered dramatic gender differences in how emotions, including happiness, pride, and shame, are perceived.
A new study by the University of Leicester found that being able to see a preferred GP reduces emergency hospital admissions. The research, led by Dr John Bankart, discovered that patients who reported having continuity of care were less likely to be admitted to hospital.
A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that obese male patients seeing male physicians had higher odds of receiving weight-related counseling. This suggests that societal norms linking physical fitness to masculinity may influence physicians' attitudes towards obesity care. The findings highlight the imp...
A new study from the University of Cambridge has found that female-to-male transsexual people have a higher number of autistic traits. The research used the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) test and compared AQ scores across five groups, finding that transmen had higher average scores than typical females, males, and transwomen.
A comprehensive study of 20th century children's books found a significant bias towards tales featuring men and boys as lead characters. The findings suggest that even when animal characters are involved, they tend to be male, perpetuating the underrepresentation of females in literature.
Research by Jennifer K. Bosson and Joseph A. Vandello finds that men's 'precarious' manhood is defined by achievements, not biology, making it vulnerable to social transgressions. This vulnerability leads to aggression as a way to restore manhood, with negative consequences on mental health.