A study by Penn State researchers found that medical center-based farmers markets contribute to greater wellness in surrounding communities while adding public health value. The markets provide a sustainable supply of healthy foods, enable community wellness partnerships, and empower local economies.
Researchers discuss management of cervical cancer during pregnancy, focusing on tumour size, nodal staging, term of pregnancy, and histological subtype. Chemotherapy can be used in the second or third trimester to increase chances of fetal preservation, but carries risks of premature birth and low birthweight.
A devastating bird disease caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum has spread rapidly across North America, with the bacteria evolving at a faster rate than previously estimated. The microbe has lost over 50 genes, including those that make up its immune system, since making the switch to its new host.
Researchers have identified an imbalance in the HNF4A gene variant as a potential biomarker for colon cancer. The study suggests that certain genetic variations may make individuals more susceptible to the disease, and drugs targeting Src kinase activity could potentially prevent or treat it.
Shape-memory alloys exhibit unique properties that make them suitable for earthquake-resistant construction and retrofit applications. A Georgia Tech model assesses the behavior of these alloys under loading conditions, predicting internal temperature and stress distributions.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London discovered the workings behind a bacterial secretion system responsible for delivering potent toxins from bacteria such as E. coli and Vibrio cholerae. Understanding this mechanism could lead to the development of new antibiotics to effectively treat bacterial infections.
Researchers found that cytotoxic T lymphocytes are triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released after cell death, which signals a strong immune response. The presence of interleukin 33 (IL-33) amplifies this response, holding promise for developing new vaccines against infectious diseases and cancer.
New research challenges conventional wisdom on C-sections for preterm babies, finding they may contribute to breathing problems. Small for gestational age babies delivered by c-section before 34 weeks had a 30 percent higher odds of developing respiratory distress syndrome than those born vaginally.
The Office of Naval Research has developed a web-based tool suite called TRACS to help first responders rapidly coordinate resources during disasters. The tool takes data from the United Nations' ReliefWeb and displays it on a map-based diagram showing the locations of various resources, such as food, shelter, and health supplies.
The University of Louisville will receive a $576,800 grant to develop a low-cost, simple test for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) in developing countries. Researchers aim to identify and validate TB biomarkers using a disposable sampling plate and breath test.
A new clinical trial demonstrates the effectiveness of adaptive radiotherapy in treating head and neck cancer, requiring only one or two replans to maintain treatment quality. The study found that ART keeps radiation tightly fitted to a patient's body, offering individualized treatment with minimal burden.
Hip fracture patients with undiagnosed neurological disorders, such as cervical myelopathy, are at increased risk of falls and additional fractures. Screening for cervical myelopathy should be standard care for all hip fracture patients to reduce this risk.
A study found that pregnant women with a prior cesarean section often choose the delivery method preferred by their doctor, regardless of their own knowledge on the risks and benefits. The majority of these women opt for an elective repeat cesarean over a trial of labor, despite its higher success rate. Lack of education and provider p...
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have identified a single prion protein that causes neuronal death similar to 'mad cow' disease, with toxic effects up to 10 times more potent than larger prion species. The study opens new avenues for exploring neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a new method for culturing complex tissue in three-dimensional arrangements. The approach allows for the production of tissue culture scaffolds with multiple structurally and chemically distinct layers, enabling broader accessibility and potential applications in tissue engineering.
Researchers found that shark skin's denticles boost swimming speed by creating a turbulent flow pattern around the body, reducing drag and increasing propulsion. The unique arrangement of denticles on the skin surface enhances fluid dynamics, leading to a significant improvement in swimming performance.
A four-year Iowa State University study on cover crops between corn rows reveals higher yields and improved soil health. The study shows that planting living mulch, or ground cover, can maintain soil moisture, slow erosion, and sequester carbon.
A team of scientists developed the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel to study complex traits like cold tolerance and starvation resistance. The project reveals hundreds of novel candidate genes, shedding light on the genetic basis of these traits.
A national survey of 2000 orthopedic surgeons found that 96% practice defensive medicine, accounting for 24% of imaging studies, laboratory tests, consultations, and hospital admissions. The average cost per month is $8,485, totaling $2 billion annually.
Researchers at Oregon State University say ocean microbes are shifting in response to warming oceans, but the impact on carbon sequestration and global warming is uncertain. Microbial communities play a crucial role in pumping carbon out of the atmosphere, with nearly half of photosynthesis attributed to plankton.
Researchers found Substance P, a pain transmitter, causes seizures in brain-infected patients; blocking its receptor may provide treatment relief. The study suggests a new approach for managing seizures in these patients.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota developed an antidote for cyanide poisoning called Sulfanegen, which can be administered rapidly by intra-muscular injection. The treatment could save lives in mass casualty emergencies and smoke inhalation incidents, where current treatments require medical professionals' expertise.
A University of Colorado Boulder study found that continued practice after mastering a task can decrease overall energy costs by up to 20%, making movements more efficient. The research, led by Assistant Professor Alaa Ahmed, used robotic arm exercises to measure metabolic cost and muscle activity in test subjects.
The Texas Obesity Research Center (TORC) has developed a research group to examine three childhood obesity programs, including MEND and CATCH. TORC is also partnering with the community to improve health and end obesity through community-based participatory research methods.
A recent large and comprehensive analysis of 50,000 genetic variants has identified four genes associated with type 2 diabetes and six independent disease-associated variants at previously known loci. The study provides valuable insight into the genetic risk for T2D across multiple ethnicities.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Michigan have discovered that fruit flies' pheromones affect their sexual attractiveness differently as they age. In a study, male flies preferred younger females with more attractive pheromones.
SomaLogic will develop a low-cost diagnostic tool using its proteomic technology to detect TB biomarkers. The grant aims to improve identification of active TB cases in developing countries.
The Forsyth Institute is developing a low-cost diagnostic tool for tuberculosis (TB), which can quickly and accurately diagnose active TB cases in developing countries. The project focuses on identifying and validating seven proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis as biomarkers of active disease.
Two U.S. Army studies found that patients with a history of shoulder instability are more likely to experience future instability, while arthroscopic surgery has better outcomes than open repairs. The studies also identified risk factors associated with surgical failure and found that arthroscopic Bankart repair has a lower failure rate.
The research will focus on lubricin, a protein that may prevent osteoarthritis following joint trauma. The study aims to advance clinical knowledge of lubricin's use in treating traumatic injuries and preventing OA development.
A UMass Amherst cognitive researcher has developed a systematic approach to enhancing creativity by teaching people to notice obscure features and build solutions around them. The technique, known as the generic parts technique (GPT), was shown to improve problem-solving skills in individuals trained with it.
Researchers found that obese individuals' brains exhibit altered glucose metabolism in reward regions, leading to increased food cravings. The study suggests the brain plays a crucial role in obesity and weight gain, highlighting potential for new treatments.
Blood cancers in pregnancy can lead to increased risk of blood clots and health complications for the mother. Termination is recommended at early stages, while cancer therapy is possible later. Progesterone-only contraceptives are considered safe for patients in long-term remission.
A study published by the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine finds that in utero surgery is more cost-effective for children with spina bifida, resulting in improved quality of life. The study also highlights the significant healthcare costs associated with caring for a child with significant deficits.
A study found that Hispanic women living in the US for less than 10 years have a 3.4% frequency of preterm birth, while those living for 10 or more years have twice the risk and 7.4% frequency. This suggests environmental factors may contribute to preterm birth and are potentially modifiable.
Researchers found that unrelated individuals may be mistaken for genetic relatives due to population-specific genetic differences. This is particularly concerning for individuals of Asian or Native American descent, where false familial identification is more likely.
Graphene flakes are used to protect molecules from short circuits, paving the way for new electronics in memory technology, displays, and solar cells. The development solves a decade-old problem and allows for alternative conductive and non-conductive molecules to be used.
Researchers found El Niño's warm sea surface temperatures and the North Atlantic Oscillation's fluctuation contributed to extreme winter storms in the US. The study used a computer model to simulate the atmosphere and isolated the role of sea surface temperatures in driving snowstorms.
A new study by researchers at Johns Hopkins University found that infants born via cesarean section had a higher risk of respiratory distress syndrome compared to those delivered vaginally. The study, which analyzed birth data from 1995-2003, challenged the long-held assumption that cesarean delivery is safer for high-risk pregnancies.
A new building-integrated aquaculture (BIAq) model aims to improve fish farming operations by combining building design, fish ecology, and aquaculture engineering techniques. The model aims to provide an affordable, holistic, and sustainable approach to indoor fish production, reducing energy costs and environmental impact.
A study found that over half of prescription medications inhibit 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC) metabolism by 50 percent or more. This indicates that certain medications may need to be adjusted if taken with 17-OHPC, potentially affecting its effectiveness.
A new study found racial disparities exist in access to kidney transplantation, with black patients facing a 59% lower rate of transplant. Socioeconomic factors explain about 30% of the disparity, highlighting the need for further research.
A new study from the University of Haifa identifies developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in children through a simple writing task, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and treatment. Children with DCD struggle with motor coordination, leading to difficulties in everyday tasks like dressing and typing.
Researchers from Tel Aviv University have developed a market 'seismograph' to measure interconnections between stock markets globally. This method can detect early signs of global crisis and provide measures to mitigate its spread.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have developed a nanotube therapy that kills breast cancer stem cells by generating heat using laser treatment. The approach has shown promise in eliminating both differentiated cells and cancer stem cells, offering new hope for a cure.
Researchers found that southern elephant seals from Marion Island dive deeper for food when encountering warmer waters. The new sensor will track feeding behavior to understand the distribution of productive zones in the South Polar Sea.
Researchers at Arizona State University investigate the coordination of a particular type of immune response involving the release of IFN-λ, a cell-signaling protein molecule. They found that antigen-independent production of IFN-λ by memory T cells relies on splenic dendritic cells and NOD-like receptors.
Tropical Storm 12S forms in Southern Indian Ocean, posing a threat to Madagascar with strong winds and heavy rainfall. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center expects landfall in east central Madagascar on February 13, as the storm strengthens due to warm sea surface temperatures.
New research finds that shorter hospital stays for total knee replacement (TKR) patients are associated with increased risk of revision and mortality. Outpatient groups had lower costs at 2 years, but higher mortality and dislocation rates.
Researchers developed a novel method to measure both blood pressure and arterial stiffness simultaneously using oscillometric measurements. The new index, API, accurately quantifies arterial stiffness and correlates with established methods, providing an early indicator of cardiovascular disease.
A study published in BMJ Open found that baby-led weaning promotes healthy food preferences and may protect against obesity. The research suggests that infants who are weaned through this method learn to regulate their food intake, leading to a lower BMI and a preference for healthy foods like carbohydrates.
Research suggests that zebra stripes are the least attractive pattern for voracious horseflies, potentially explaining their evolution. The study found that narrower stripes were less appealing to flies, with striped patterns attracting fewer insects than white or dark models.
A study by Michigan State University found that nearly 70% of service employees engage in 'sweethearting,' giving away free goods and services to customers. By adding screening questions focused on risk-taking and ethics, employers can identify 'bad apples' and avoid hiring them.
A nationwide study has found that chromosomal microarray testing detects additional genetic abnormalities in about 1 in 70 normal karyotype samples and 6% of cases with structural abnormalities. The new test may soon replace standard karyotyping for prenatal testing, providing more information on potential disorders.
A study found that automatic suspension of insulin delivery via insulin pumps reduces the severity and duration of hypoglycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes. The 'low glucose suspend' feature significantly decreases hypoglycemic episodes, reducing the risk of rebound hyperglycemia.
Researchers discovered Substance P causes seizures in patients with neurocysticercosis (NCC), a parasitic tapeworm infection of the brain. Blocking Substance P receptors may prove effective in treating and preventing seizures in affected individuals.
Breast cancer in pregnant women is common and treatable with surgery or chemotherapy. A normal-length pregnancy should be the aim to avoid premature birth. Chemotherapy can be given as per standard guidelines, but radiation therapy is not advised due to fetal shielding concerns.
A recent study has estimated the annual cost of defensive orthopaedic care in the US at $2 billion. The study found that 96% of orthopaedic surgeons ordered tests and referrals primarily to avoid malpractice liability, resulting in a significant increase in healthcare costs.
A recent study examines ash tree removal and pesticide options to minimize urban forest loss due to Emerald Ash Borer infestations. The results show that insecticide treatments retain greater urban forest value, while preemptive removal without replacement is the least expensive option.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a technique to create molecular analogs of the active part of molybdenite, a widely used industrial catalyst. This method holds promise for creating catalytic materials that can generate hydrogen gas from acidic water at lower costs and with greater efficiency.
A newly published study found that over a quarter of unexplained cardiac arrests occurred after patients experienced fainting, known as syncope. Patients also exhibited frequent chest pain and palpitations. The research suggests that fainting may be an opportunity to diagnose genetic disorders and prevent future sudden death.
A study of 3,800 pregnancies has provided the most accurate evidence to date that malaria infection reduces early fetal growth. The research found that even single episodes of treated malaria can affect fetal head size at mid-pregnancy, but may not have a lasting impact on birth weight.
A new study confirms that synaptic protein mutations increase the risk of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), emphasizing the importance of synaptic gene dysfunction and modifier genes. The research identifies mutations in the SHANK2 gene and highlights its role in neuronal function and interaction with other genetic variations.
Researchers from Harvard University found that shark skin's denticles create a low-pressure zone that enhances propulsion, reducing drag. Swimsuits with similar surface properties have no effect on swim speed.
Researchers reveal detailed structure and function of UVR8 protein, a key player in plant protection against UV radiation. The molecule's unique light-sensing ability allows it to orchestrate gene activity and switch on protective responses in plants.
IKBKE is induced by tobacco carcinogens and mediates tobacco action in promoting lung cancer cell survival. Knocking down IKBKE sensitizes cells to chemotherapy, suggesting a therapeutic role for targeting this pathway.
Inflammatory breast cancer cells use the anti-inflammatory response of white blood cells to increase fibronectin expression, a molecule involved in wound healing and cell migration. Monocyte-conditioned media stimulate this process through the IL-8 signaling pathway, allowing cancer cells to branch and invade, leading to metastasis.
Researchers found that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine can prevent sudden death in epilepsy patients by enhancing respiratory function. The study provides hope for developing treatments to lessen SUDEP risk, but further studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness in humans.
Researchers found that 12-weeks of high-speed power training improves muscular power in older people. The study showed significant gains in neuromuscular and cardiovascular function, as well as improved functional capacity and quality of life. Power training is a promising measure for preventing or reducing loss of functional capacity ...
A team led by Dr Steven Le Comber used computer simulations and historical data to compare geographic profiling with existing methods for monitoring invasive species. The technique outperformed others, particularly when multiple sources were involved, suggesting its potential for controlling the spread of invasive species.
A new study identifies African-American background, longer NICU stay, and poor access to healthcare as increased risks of death in preterm infants after being discharged from the NICU. Maternal exposure to antibiotics during pregnancy decreases infant mortality risk.
Researchers found that fishermen in wealthier countries are less likely to give up their trade due to subsidies and job satisfaction. In contrast, those in poorer countries with diversified livelihoods are more willing to leave the fishery. The study highlights the complexity of decision making and factors influencing willingness to ad...
A study found that geotagged photos of children on Flickr could be used to locate their homes, posing a significant risk to their safety and privacy. The researchers warn that parents should be cautious when posting personal photos online.
Researchers discover bexarotene rapidly clears amyloid from the brain and reverses cognitive deficits in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. The results show significant promise for a new therapy, with more than half of amyloid plaques cleared within 72 hours.
A study by the University of Seville found that 60% of Spanish adolescents do not take drugs and rarely drink alcohol. The friendship group is a key factor in their behavior, with teenagers who take drugs being less satisfied at school and with family but feeling more satisfied in their friendships.
A team of scientists used LiDAR to create a detailed 3-D map of the earthquake zone, revealing deformation around small faults that caused the quake. The study provides insight into how multi-fault earthquakes occur and sheds light on the behavior of earthquake faults.
The study reviews current methods in bioenergy production and highlights the need for innovative solutions to overcome challenges. It emphasizes the importance of sustainable land use management to create a biomass-to-energy industry with minimal environmental impact.
A 30-year study by University of Zurich researchers reveals a strong correlation between self-rated health and mortality risk, even after controlling for various factors. The study suggests that people with excellent health ratings have better chances of survival, indicating the importance of holistic approaches to healthcare.
Children as young as preschool age tend to categorize objects as masculine, reflecting cultural and linguistic biases. The study found that bilingual children showed a different perspective on objects when speaking French, likely due to the language's structure and not necessarily their factual knowledge of biology.
Researchers at Rice University have created a way to print fine lines of gold nanoparticles on glass, allowing them to transmit signals over long distances using dark plasmons. This breakthrough enables efficient energy transfer on the micrometer scale, potentially improving optoelectronic devices.
Children who display multiple psychosomatic symptoms are more likely to be experiencing physical abuse at home, according to a study published in Acta Paediatrica. Abused children with chronic conditions reported significantly more psychosomatic symptoms than abused children without chronic conditions.
Researchers found that women who delivered their first baby early are more likely to have a subsequent baby that is small for its gestational age, even when the second pregnancy is carried to term. The study suggests that mothers who deliver prematurely should be closely monitored for fetal weight and growth in future pregnancies.
A study found that children born to mothers who received chemotherapy during pregnancy have normal cognitive development and no significant differences in behavior, health, or hearing compared to the general population. However, premature birth was associated with lower cognitive scores.
Researchers found ultrasound images to have 100% diagnostic correlation with X-rays for detecting developmental dislocation of the hip. The study showed ultrasound to be a reliable alternative imaging method for DDH screening in young children.
A study by Michigan State University's Institute for the Study of Youth Sports found that coaches who prioritize player self-improvement over competition create a sense of teamwork, social skills, and identity among young athletes. The research suggests that focusing on player development can lead to positive outcomes in life skills an...
A large-scale genetic screening of over 17,000 individuals with Type 2 diabetes and 70,000 control subjects identified nearly 40 gene variants associated with the disease. The study found that many gene variants overlap across multiple ethnic groups, providing new insights into the biological targets for developing more effective drugs.
A study found that boosting male garter snake estrogen levels causes them to secrete the same pheromones as females, attracting multiple males. The research confirms estrogen's powerful role in biology and has implications for environmental impact.
Research shows that fruit fly pheromones produced by older flies can reduce their attractiveness, but adding young pheromones can increase it. This study provides insight into the connection between aging and physical attractiveness in fruit flies.
A £7 million research initiative aims to improve fruit and vegetable production in the UK through sustainable farming practices. The project will focus on adapting crops to a changing climate, reducing waste, and increasing yields while maintaining environmental sustainability.
Cyclone Jasmine was classified as a powerful category 4 cyclone with wind speeds of 132 mph, but was weakening due to cooler waters and drier air. A 3D image created from TRMM data revealed the eye's funnel-shaped surface and intense thunderstorms dropping rain at over 2 inches/hr.
A new study suggests that induced labor may not lower the risk of infection or respiratory problems in newborns. The research indicates that expectant management, which involves close monitoring rather than inducing labor, is a safe alternative for women with preterm ruptured membranes.
Increased use of glyphosate-type herbicides has led to a dramatic increase in genetically-resistant weeds, according to Penn State researchers. Integrated weed management programs, including planting cover crops and using mechanical control methods, can lower herbicide use by up to 94% while maintaining profit margins.