Researchers have developed a reformulated imatinib that prevents and reverses morphine tolerance in rats, offering new hope for treating chronic intractable pain. The study's findings suggest the potential to reduce debilitating side effects associated with morphine use.
Researchers have identified a family of proteins called piezo proteins that detect painful touch. The discovery provides evidence for the mechanotransduction pathway and potential new treatments for diseases related to sensory nerve dysfunction.
A Michigan State University professor is exploring the origin of life at its fundamental building blocks, finding connections between bacteria and humans through molecular complementarity. This shared set of modules may hold the key to understanding evolution and explaining diseases like diabetes.
The Indiana CTSI HUB supports virtual clinical research teams, community engaged research, and industry outreach through its HUBzero platform. This model has accelerated research across five distributed teams by housing data centrally and providing federated identity support.
Researchers use pulsars to test General Relativity in extremely strong gravity and directly detect gravitational waves. Pulsar timing arrays may reveal evidence for cosmic strings and the early Universe.
The USP15 protein has been identified as a critical regulator of cancer progression and immune response, accelerating drug development against glioblastoma and other types of cancer. USP15 promotes tumor growth by activating the TGFβ pathway, but its inhibition can lead to decreased TGFβ activity and reduced tumor development.
Researchers discovered that low-dose carbon monoxide therapy restored placental function, preventing fetal death and growth restriction. The treatment also showed anti-inflammatory properties and increased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, promoting blood vessel repair.
Researchers at the Stowers Institute have discovered a new mechanism controlling cell polarity in yeast. An enzyme called flippase flips phospholipids to create a polarized membrane, with all molecules involved found in both yeast and mammalian cells. This discovery opens up avenues for studying human diseases.
Professor Mike Stratton discusses the evolution of the cancer genome at the AAAS annual meeting, highlighting advances in whole genome sequencing and the development of COSMIC catalogue. This research provides insights into cancer causation, prevention, and treatment, with potential global solutions through international collaboration.
Experts discuss ways to modernize livestock production in Sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on technology implementation and high-quality veterinary services. The session aims to improve animal welfare, increase protein quality, and address food security challenges.
A study published in Nature suggests that faulty fat sensor GPR120 may contribute to obesity and liver disease. Mice deficient in GPR120 are more prone to developing these conditions when fed a high-fat diet, highlighting the protein as a promising target for new treatments.
The UK is projected to see up to 210,000 avoidable alcohol-related deaths over the next 20 years, including 70,000 from liver disease. The government can take action to prevent this by implementing evidence-based measures such as increasing prices and reducing availability.
The construction of roads in isolated villages disrupts traditional information flow patterns, leading to changes in economy and social life. As a result, inhabitants adapt their subsistence strategies and environmental management, resulting in significant transformations.
Scientists used X-rays to measure the density of lunar magma at extreme pressures and temperatures. The results show that most magmas are less dense than their surroundings, but a specific type of titanium-rich magma is denser and won't rise to the surface.
University of Pittsburgh researcher Sandra Mitchell emphasizes the need for adaptive policy in GMO regulation due to local variations and diverse host plants. Her proposal includes scenario analyses and mediation to address conflicting values among stakeholders.
Researchers at UBC created computer visualizations of rising sea levels to illustrate ways to adapt to climate change impacts. The four alternate scenarios show different strategies, including raising dikes, building offshore barrier islands, and reducing vulnerability through design.
Researchers at Northwestern University have created a new method to oxidize graphene, overcoming the material's zero band-gap issue. The reversible oxidation process enables tunability of electronic properties, paving the way for high-performance applications.
Hospital admissions for serious infectious diseases have increased by over 50% in New Zealand since 1989, with Môori and Pacific peoples disproportionately affected. The country's commitment to reducing health inequalities has been questioned, as the gap between indigenous and non-indigenous populations widens.
Arizona State anthropologist Michelle Hegmon's research draws on the past to inform modern climate policy, exploring how societies adapted to change and what it was like to live in those societies. Her work offers lessons on tradeoffs and the human experience in times of climate change.
Researchers found that clazosentan decreased the effects of TBI on blood flow by 25% at four hours and 23% at 48 hours. The drug was most effective when given at two hours post-injury and again at 24 hours after trauma.
Researchers Stefano Allesina and Si Tang refined Robert May's 1972 formula to incorporate predator-prey relationships, allowing for greater ecosystem diversity. The new model predicts that large ecosystems can support an infinite number of species through complex interactions.
Researchers have provided experimental evidence confirming Alan Turing's 1950s theory on how biological patterns such as tiger stripes are formed. The study identifies the specific morphogens involved in this process, including FGF and Shh, and demonstrates a mechanism that is widely relevant in vertebrate development.
New connections between brain cells form in clusters as animals learn to perform a new task, according to a study published in Nature. The researchers found that clustered synapses are more likely to persist through the learning sessions and after training stopped.
African scientists are being enabled to partner on new research programs focusing on animal and crop health, with the goal of improving productivity under challenges like diseases and abiotic stresses. The BecA-ILRI Hub has set up a capacity building fund called the Africa Biosciences Challenge Fund (ABCF) for African scientists.
Researchers at University of New South Wales create perfect single-atom transistor for unparalleled computational efficiency, marking significant step towards quantum computer development. The device's precise accuracy and electronic characteristics match theoretical predictions, paving the way for future technological innovations.
Researchers emphasize the need for improved computer models of black carbon and other aerosol pollutants to accurately forecast health and climate impacts. The use of satellite data from NASA-funded projects has shown that air pollution can be transported across continents, with significant effects on local and regional climate.
Research reveals glaciers record anthropogenic perturbation, highlighting the impact of human activities on the global carbon cycle. The study found that glacier ecosystems are post-industrial and provide a unique perspective for understanding climate change.
A lack of proof-of-concept funding and inadequate market intelligence hinder the development of game-changing food innovations. Researchers at the University of Guelph highlight regulatory environments that can stall potentially life-saving discoveries like enriched milk with DHA and blood-pressure-lowering pea fragments.
Researchers at Iowa State University are organizing a symposium to explore the idea of using instant communications technology to distribute information about crops and climate change to farmers. The symposium aims to develop global systems that facilitate quick communication between farmers, researchers, and policymakers.
A new study by Indiana University researchers reveals large excellence gaps in the US, with minority students making up a small share of top scorers. Internationally, girls are catching up with boys in math and science, while differences remain small between native-born and immigrant students.
Forest fire smoke exposure poses significant respiratory health risks, particularly for those with pre-existing heart and lung conditions. Effective strategies to mitigate these impacts include establishing clean air shelters and using HEPA-filter air cleaners or air conditioners in homes.
Researchers from UVic will discuss climate change impacts on Canada's water supply, explore the intersection of neuroscience and pop culture, and address energy efficiency solutions. Climate modeling indicates rapid permafrost melting could lead to significant loss of high-latitude wetlands.
A new study estimates that landscape fire smoke contributed to an average of 339,000 deaths per year between 1997 and 2006. Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia were disproportionately affected, with estimated annual averages of 157,000 and 110,000 deaths, respectively.
Research by Judith Myers introduces a beetle to North America to feast on invasive knapweed, causing a significant decline in the plant's presence. The program shows $17 in economic benefit for every dollar spent, making it a win for the economy and ecology.
McMaster University's Christine Wilson presents findings on galaxy Arp 220's dazzling rate of star formation, which is 200 times faster than our own Milky Way. The star forming core of Arp 220 is only about 3,000 light years across.
Astrophysicists have uncovered new questions and clarified previous theories about gamma-ray bursts using the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope. The telescope's unique view allows it to capture the highest energy portion of these bursts, which are difficult to detect due to their brief duration and narrow radiation patterns.
A study with mice suggests Alzheimer's drugs could miswire neurons, interfering with brain communication. The findings imply that these drugs might impair memory, even at doses intended to reduce amyloid plaques.
Research by UBC scientists finds that adding ocean acidification and deoxygenation to climate change projections can significantly reduce fish catch potential in certain regions. For example, the Norwegian Sea may see a 15% decrease in fisheries catch potential due to combined effects of warming and acidification.
Researchers discover several new phases of atomtronic matter, including a 'bond-order solid' with strong long-range dipole interactions. These phases are associated with the controlled movement of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice and have potential applications for data encoding and quantum computing.
To increase yields by 2020, scientists are developing new durably disease-resistant varieties of wheat through shuttle breeding. These advanced breeding techniques have resulted in over 20 Ug99-resistant varieties released or in trials in eight countries.
A UBC researcher has created a hand-controlled voice synthesizer that uses gestures to produce sounds, mirroring human vocal control. The technology has potential applications in music and assistive communication, allowing users to express themselves in new ways.
Researchers have discovered that adding hydroxychloroquine to various cancer therapies can enhance their effectiveness in treating treatment-resistant cancers. By blocking autophagy, a process by which cells recycle damaged proteins, the combination of chemotherapy and HCQ can lead to improved outcomes for patients.
According to UofL research, substituting smokeless tobacco can save lives by reducing the risk of disease and death among smokers. Decades of epidemiologic research support this finding, with smokeless products being 98% safer than cigarettes.
Scientists emphasize the importance of evidence-based policies and challenge 'policy-biased evidence' to ensure impartial decision-making. They also urge the scientific community to think globally and act with greater public engagement to guard against science misuse in policy-making.
Researchers from the UC Davis MIND Institute will present on the relationships between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences on autism development. Their research highlights the impact of flame retardant chemicals on autism risk, particularly in female offspring.
The International Polar Year created a new model for northern research, where communities define research questions and use traditional knowledge. Community members, including elders and youth, are now taking up the mantle to sustain research efforts.
A recent study by UBC researchers has identified the increasing presence of terrestrial pathogens in marine mammals along the Pacific coast. The team calls for improved surveillance and collaboration to monitor public health implications and reduce land-sea transfer of pollutants.
Kenneth Miller, a biologist and practicing Catholic, teaches evolution by tracing its development rather than presenting it as doctrine. He aims to help students understand the evidence and logic behind scientific theories. By taking a pragmatic approach, Miller has found that religious students can accept science more effectively.
Research by Douglas Woolford and Mike Flannigan suggests that peat fires in Canada are becoming increasingly frequent and intense due to climate change. The study finds that the forest fire season is lengthening, and the risk of peat fires is increasing, with potentially devastating consequences for the environment.
Using Star Trek's advanced technologies as a gateway to explore fundamental physics concepts, ASU Professor Lawrence Krauss engages lay audiences and sparks their interest in science. He examines the feasibility of phenomena like wormholes, warp drives, and time travel within our current understanding of physics.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have developed a new EEG method to monitor brain development in premature infants. The technology has provided valuable insights into how brain tracts are formed and has enabled the detection of previously unexplained brain events, leading to improved treatments and care.
The Nereus model provides a global view of life in the world's oceans, predicting a decline in large fish biomass and an increase in small fish populations. The model also shows the impact of human activities, climate change, and fisheries management on ocean life.
Computer scientist Peter Stone is developing a system that enables autonomous cars to coordinate their movements at intersections, reducing stopped traffic. The virtual intersection manager uses AI driver agents to 'call ahead' and reserve space and time, improving safety and efficiency.
Indiana University's Filippo Menczer has developed new tools to analyze political social media and track the diffusion of memes. The research team found that Twitter mentions create a communication bridge between left- and right-leaning groups, and can be used to identify partisan asymmetries.
Researchers have developed quantum cryptography protocols that can counter even a malicious manipulator controlling the setup, offering a measure of genuine randomness in keys. The breakthrough builds on recent twists that give quantum cryptography powerful boost against eavesdroppers.
A new logistics model for biofuel raw materials is proposed by MSU researchers, utilizing regional biomass processing depots to process feedstocks before shipping to refineries. This approach aims to reduce transportation costs and distances, while providing economic benefits to farmers who own part of the depots.
Infants exhibit longer looking times when one giraffe gets both toys or the slacker gets a reward in both experiments, indicating an expectation of fairness. The study suggests that children are born with innate expectations about fairness, shaped by culture and environment.
A UGA study found that worker perceptions of safety and effective management can decrease on-the-job injuries by 32% and 38%, respectively. The study highlights the impact of work-life balance on performance and productivity, increasing injury risk by 37%.
Climate experts at Stanford University discuss the compound effects of climate change and climate variability on global food markets. The symposium highlights two key challenges: extreme temperatures and El Niñ-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have devised a new type of network that allows users to authenticate without relying on unique identities. The novel network structure eliminates identity theft, loss of anonymity and misplaced trust by using an addressing system with user-selected pseudonyms.