Articles tagged with Liver
Researchers found that aerobic fitness protected against metabolic dysfunction in the liver, reducing inflammation and fatty deposits. Chronic alcohol ingestion did not cause significant changes in blood insulin or glucose levels, contrary to expectations.
Research reveals that chronic drinking also promotes the growth of gut bacteria that can travel to the liver and exacerbate liver disease. The study found that boosting intestinal defense against certain bacteria may help patients with alcoholic liver disease.
Researchers found that chronic alcohol consumption impairs the body's ability to keep microbes in check, leading to bacterial migration and increased risk of liver disease. Restoring natural gut antibiotics may help treat the disease.
A team of engineers at the University of California, San Diego has successfully created a 3D-printed liver tissue model that closely mimics human liver structure and function. The new model can be used for patient-specific drug screening and disease modeling, potentially saving pharmaceutical companies time and money.
CNIC researchers have identified a new target for the treatment of fatty liver disease, p38 gamma and p38 delta proteins. Inhibition of these proteins with specific inhibitors has shown potential as a treatment for fatty liver disease, potentially preventing inflammation, liver damage, and diabetes linked to obesity.
Researchers have successfully treated a genetic disorder using a viral vector to deliver genome-editing components, correcting the disease-causing mutation. The treatment improved survival in newborn mice but showed poor results in adult animals, highlighting the need for further adjustments to the gene-editing system.
MIT researchers have developed a way to deliver CRISPR genome repair components more efficiently and safely, correcting mutated genes in 6 percent of liver cells in mice. The new approach has the potential to treat a range of diseases, including metabolic disorders and liver conditions.
Scientists have successfully delivered a CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutic to adult mice with Tyrosinemia type I, correcting 6% of the mutated FAH gene in liver cells. This breakthrough uses AAV and lipid nanoparticle delivery mechanisms, paving the way for potential human treatment.
Researchers propose that certain individuals may experience heightened sensitivity to nanoparticles due to pre-existing conditions affecting the liver or lungs. This suggests a need for personalized models and clinical trials to better understand nanoparticle-related infusion reactions.
Scientists have created engineered liver tissue that closely mimics the real thing, with a metabolic rate closer to real-life levels than existing models. The new approach successfully simulated how a real liver would react to various drug combinations.
New research from Penn Medicine reveals that many transplant centers in the US reject organs for their sickest patients, increasing waitlist mortality. The study analyzed 23,000 organ offers to 13,255 patients and found significant variability in acceptance rates among centers.
A new study published in Radiology found that fatty liver disease is independently associated with subclinical heart failure in obese people. The study, which measured hepatic triglyceride content and cardiac function in 714 adults, suggests that dietary interventions may be crucial in preventing or reducing the risk of heart failure.
Researchers found that saturated fat, but not unsaturated fat, raises sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in obese people, leading to inflammation and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. This discovery may lead to new treatments to prevent liver disease in obese patients.
A recent study from the University of Eastern Finland found that a common gene mutation in healthy children improves blood lipid profiles while raising liver values. The TM6SF2 gene mutation was associated with lower triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels, as well as higher ALT values indicative of changes in liver metabolism.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that while a healthier diet can aid weight loss and improve metabolism, it may not fully reverse liver damage caused by the Western diet. Diets high in sugar significantly slow liver recovery, even if overall calorie intake is reduced.
Two studies found a liver-derived hormone, FGF21, that regulates sugar and alcohol intake in mice and primates. FGF21 suppresses sweet appetite by acting on the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that regulates food intake and energy homeostasis.
Researchers identified a liver-generated hormone, FGF21, that regulates sugar intake and suppresses sweet cravings in mice. The study found that FGF21 decreases appetite and intake of simple sugars but not complex carbohydrates.
Researchers developed an antibody targeting a hormone in adipose tissue called aP2 to improve glucose regulation and reduce liver fat in obese mice. The study found that one of the antibodies effectively improved glucose regulation in two independent models of obesity, with beneficial reductions in liver fat.
A recent study published in Biomolecules found that chronic alcohol use combined with repeated binge drinking causes significant liver damage, exceeding previous estimates. The research, conducted on mice, showed that mice exposed to both chronic and binge consumption exhibited the highest levels of liver injury.
Researchers found a prophylaxis treatment can prevent new-onset hepatitis B in children who receive livers from donors previously infected with HBV. The regimen consisted of HBV vaccine injections and immunoglobulin, maintaining high antibody levels against the virus.
A study published in Gastroenterology reveals that the inhibition of CPEB4 protein can prevent the development of abnormal blood vessels associated with cirrhosis. This finding has significant implications for the treatment of this disease, which is responsible for a high rate of hospital admissions and use of health resources.
The Salk Institute has identified a drug called JQ1 that prevents and reverses liver fibrosis in animals, a condition that replaces normal liver cells with scar tissue until the organ no longer works. This discovery may also treat fibrosis in other organs such as the lung, pancreas, and kidney.
A large clinical trial found that a combination of antiviral medications can eradicate hepatitis C infection in over 90 percent of patients with advanced liver disease. The study showed significant improvements in liver function, even among patients with existing cirrhosis and liver failure.
A new study found that obese children and those with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) are not meeting the UK's vitamin and mineral guidelines. They are also significantly off meeting the recommended physical activity levels, with excess weight unlikely to be the only factor in NAFLD development.
A new technique has enabled the rapid expansion of functional human liver cells in the lab, opening up new avenues for studying drug toxicity, liver disease, and more. The method, known as the 'upcyte' process, allows for the generation of liver cells from multiple donors with similar characteristics to primary human hepatocytes.
A new report reveals that fewer than one in three hospitals employ a full-time doctor specializing in liver medicine, leading to a postcode lottery for patients. The UK's specialist liver centres provide excellent care but are not evenly distributed, resulting in poor patient outcomes and a lack of access to specialist care.
Researchers have found that a commonly used Type II diabetes medication can effectively clear fatty liver disease from some patients. After a 48-week trial, 4 out of 10 patients showed significant improvement in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis symptoms.
Researchers have found a potential treatment strategy for glycogen storage disease Ia by inducing autophagy in liver cells, which reduces fat and glycogen levels. A drug called rapamycin stimulates autophagy and improves liver size and function in animal models.
A study of living liver donors found that most donors were highly satisfied with the donation process and reported improved health outcomes. The study's results suggest that living liver donation is a positive experience for donors, with 97% indicating they would donate again.
A liver pathway controlled by BAF60a stimulates the production of bile, leading to increased cholesterol absorption. Mice with disabled BAF60a had lower cholesterol levels, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for reducing atherosclerosis.
Australian researchers have defined key characteristics of metabolically healthy obesity, shedding light on the paradox. They found that obese individuals sensitive to insulin in muscle or liver are metabolically healthier, with lower blood pressure and less deep abdominal fat. This discovery provides significant insight into human ins...
A new study reveals that relapsed malaria infections are a significant obstacle to malaria eradication in the Asia-Pacific region. Most childhood infections in Papua New Guinea are caused by relapsed P. vivax infections, which can hide in the liver and re-emerge after treatment.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified a mechanism that propels liver development after birth through alternative splicing, allowing the liver to acquire new functions tailored for adult needs. The study highlights the importance of an RNA binding protein, ESRP2, in controlling this developmental program.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that deaths among middle-aged white Americans increased significantly between 1999 and 2013. The top causes of death were suicide, drug and alcohol poisoning, and chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis.
Research suggests that gut bacteria can ferment dietary fiber, producing short-chain fatty acids that contribute to liver lipids and potentially lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In individuals with compromised TLR5 function, overconsumption of fiber may exacerbate this process.
Premature birth can be lifesaving with TPN, but it also causes liver damage. Dr. Ajay Jain is studying ways to prevent TPN-related complications in newborns.
A UMass Amherst biologist is developing a new liver model using extra-embryonic tissue to study liver function and mechanisms. The model, which uses tissues from the yolk sac, offers a simpler alternative to traditional liver models, allowing for more efficient analysis of gene expression and protein production.
Researchers at Hiroshima University developed a new animal model of hepatitis B using humanized mice and found that CTLA4Ig suppressed damage to liver cells infected with the virus. This model is useful for studying immunological reactions and viral clearance in hepatitis B virus infection.
Patients undergoing oncologic liver operations who participated in an enhanced recovery program returned sooner to their normal life function and adjuvant cancer therapies than patients who were treated with a traditional approach. The study found that 75% of enhanced recovery patients achieved their baseline functional status within 3...
A nationwide study in Pediatrics found 159 children under 18 with Autoimmune Hepatitis in Canada, with fatigue, jaundice, and abdominal pain as common presenting symptoms. Early diagnosis is critical to prevent worsening symptoms, and the study provides evidence-based data for family physicians and specialists to refer patients earlier.
Researchers found that fatty liver disease and scarring have a significant genetic component, with heritability rates of around 50%. The study used twin analysis to show that monozygotic twins were more likely to share similar levels of fat content and liver stiffness.
Researchers developed a single, self-contained medical device that can detect liver toxicity in 30 minutes, reducing current testing times to several days. The lab in a needle approach integrates sample preparation and analysis into one device, enabling doctors and patients to discuss treatment options immediately.
Researchers used integrated 'omics' approaches to analyze changes in proteins across different organs in young and old rats. They found that aging affects organs in strikingly different ways, with specific protein patterns related to the organ's unique cellular properties or function. The study suggests that aging is an organ-specific ...
Researchers at EMBL, Salk Institute, and UC Berkeley measured how ageing affects brain and liver cells in rats. They found that age-related changes in brain cells often involve the loss of molecules helping neurons communicate, while liver cells show changes in metabolic processes.
Researchers have developed a new technique to produce a faithful mimic of the in vivo liver inside a scalable fluid-handling device. The chip-based model demonstrates proof of principle for toxicology tests and opens up potential use in drug testing and personalized medicine.
A new enzyme-replacement therapy, Sebelipase Alfa, has been shown to effectively treat Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency by reducing disease-related liver and blood cholesterol abnormalities. The therapy, which targets hepatocytes, resulted in lower cholesterol levels and reduced liver fat content in patients with the condition.
Research suggests a treatment that boosts the immune system could improve liver failure treatment outcomes. The therapy uses an immune-boosting molecule called CSF-1 to trigger natural defence mechanisms in the liver.
A new study of DCD liver transplantations found no significant correlation between donor age and organ survival. The results suggest that stringent donor and recipient selection can help expand the donor pool for life-saving liver transplantation, making aged DCD organs more viable.
Researchers at WashU Medicine developed a new strategy to slow glucose production in the liver, which can lead to more effective drugs for type 2 diabetes. The approach involves inhibiting a protein involved in making glucose, demonstrating potential for treating millions of people affected by the condition.
A University of Iowa study reveals that disabling a critical biological checkpoint, Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier (MPC), reduces blood sugar levels in mouse models of type 2 diabetes. The research suggests that inhibiting MPC activity could be a new target for drugs to treat diabetes.
Exposure to high-concentration airborne particulate matter PM2.5 has been shown to directly affect the liver, triggering liver fibrosis in animal models. The study highlights air pollution as an independent risk factor for liver fibrosis, with implications for medical care and health policy-making.
Patients with autoimmune hepatitis who present with cirrhosis at first diagnosis and those with SLA/LP antibodies have a higher risk of relapse, liver transplant, and reduced life expectancy. The presence of SLA/LP antibodies is linked to poor overall and liver transplant-free survival.
A first-of-its-kind study identified a potential gene target, FOX03, strongly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-related liver damage due to miR-182 regulation. The study found suppressed FOX03 protein levels in damaged livers, suggesting its role in the initiation of liver disease.
Chronic alcohol consumption lowers vitamin A levels in the liver while raising levels in other tissues, leading to reduced vitamin A function and its link to alcoholic liver disease. Novel treatments may focus on counteracting alcohol's impact on vitamin A levels in the liver.
Researchers analyzed data from patients undergoing stage IV colorectal cancer surgery to identify benchmarks for surgical practice. They found that major complications vary depending on the extent of liver resection and type of colorectal surgery performed.
Researchers found that MACC1 expression is a key indicator of survival and recurrence risk in Klatskin carcinoma patients. Patients with low MACC1 levels have a good chance of benefiting from surgery, while those with high levels are at a higher risk of cancer recurrence.
A Yale University study found that nearly one in four patients with chronic hepatitis C are denied initial approval for a drug therapy. The finding reveals factors beyond disease state and medical necessity affecting treatment access, including public insurance status and advanced liver disease.
A University of Hawai'i Cancer Center researcher has received a $2.70 million grant to study how gut bacteria can damage the liver and promote liver cancer. The study aims to design new approaches to preventing liver cancer by regulating bile acid metabolism.
Researchers tested a new liver transplantation procedure using multi-layered sheets of hepatocytes and fibroblasts, which improved liver function in test animals for at least two months. The method showed higher albumin expression levels and better survival rates compared to traditional methods.
A new study reveals liver fibrosis affects 5.6% of adults aged ?45, primarily those with diabetes or steatosis. The rising prevalence highlights the growing concern of liver health issues due to an aging population and increasing rates of diabetes and obesity.