Articles tagged with Liver
Preliminary results show that Civacir effectively prevents hepatitis C virus (HCV) recurrence in liver transplant patients who received antiviral therapy before their operation. The study found that Civacir provides a prophylactic efficacy in preventing HCV-reinfection, reducing the risk of graft loss.
A randomized controlled trial demonstrated liraglutide met the primary endpoint of histological clearance of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and a reduction in fibrosis progression. The study also showed significant weight loss, BMI reduction, and fasting glucose decrease with liraglutide treatment.
The daclatasvir-sofosbuvir combination was highly effective and well-tolerated in treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with HIV co-infection. Across genotypes 1-4, the treatment resulted in a sustained virologic response rate of 97% at 12 weeks post-treatment.
Many European countries lack national strategies to manage chronic viral hepatitis disease surveillance, burden assessment, and intervention impact. Governments need support for developing plans, estimating the national burden, and improving surveillance systems.
The HCV-TARGET study shows all-oral direct-acting antiviral therapy is highly effective and well tolerated in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, with SVR rates of 75%, 77% and 81%. Liver function markers also improve during short-term follow-up.
A new study published at The International Liver Congress reveals that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with the development of coronary artery calcification. In patients without existing CAC, NAFLD significantly accelerated atherosclerosis progression, while in those with existing CAC, it did not affect disease ...
A new study at The International Liver Congress 2015 reveals that sofosbuvir-based regimens are effective and well-tolerated in hepatitis C and HIV co-infected, cirrhotic patients. Sustained virologic response was observed in 98% of patients at 4 weeks and 95% at 12 weeks.
A new survey found that nearly half of people with viral hepatitis have suffered some kind of discrimination, affecting their daily lives. The study highlights the devastating impact of stigma and discrimination on quality of life, particularly in family relationships and workplaces.
A new device has demonstrated its potential to preserve and improve the quality of donor livers from donation after circulatory death (DCD) for transplantation. The transportable machine perfusion Airdrive effectively maintained liver quality, reducing biliary complications and increasing graft function.
TG1050 has been shown to reach the clinical goals considered a cure for CHB, including elimination of HBsAg and seroconversion. The study achieved these goals in 30% of TG1050-injected mice, supporting the move to a first-in-man study.
A study has demonstrated that alginate-enriched bread can inhibit fat digestion and circulatory lipids in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results show a significant reduction of up to 31% in fat digestion, suggesting its potential use as a therapeutic weight management therapy.
A study published by the European Association for the Study of the Liver found that silymarin, derived from milk thistle, can resolve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and improve fibrosis in patients. The results suggest a potential new treatment option for this condition.
A pooled analysis of data from two randomized trials confirms vitamin E as an effective treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with significant improvements in liver histology and disease resolution. The study supports the use of vitamin E as a safe and effective solution for both adults and children with NASH.
Scaling up existing interventions, including infant vaccination and treatment programmes, could prevent 90% of new chronic HBV infections and 65% mortality levels by 2030. Global expansion is necessary to achieve hepatitis B elimination, avoiding 20 million deaths by 2030.
A new study reveals that chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The study found significant increases in the cost of care and length of time in hospital for patients with HCV infections.
A large cohort study found that long-term use of entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir (TDF) results in excellent 5-year survival for Caucasian patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), with a significant proportion of deaths coming from liver-unrelated causes. The development of hepatocellular carcinoma plays a major role in mortality.
Remogliflozin etabonate improves insulin sensitivity and beta cell function, reducing ALT levels and weight in patients with NASH. The investigational drug also exhibits intrinsic anti-oxidant activity, reversing steatohepatitis and oxidative stress.
A new study shows that Baclofen has a positive impact on alcohol consumption and liver function in patients with alcohol-induced liver disease. The results demonstrate improved indicators of liver health, reduced physical dependence, and lower standard measures of liver damage.
A new study presented at The International Liver Congress 2015 shows that significant weight loss through lifestyle changes can improve histological features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Over 10% weight loss is necessary to induce complete resolution of steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and portal inflammation.
Researchers at RIKEN have developed a novel method for preserving donor livers, significantly extending their viability and improving transplant outcomes. By cooling organs to 22°C and supplementing with red blood cells, the team achieved remarkable success rates, even with organs obtained after cardiac arrest.
Recent studies confirm that NAFLD worsens heart disease and increases serum levels of cardiovascular risk markers. Additionally, a large population sample found a significant association between psychological distress and liver disease mortality. Meanwhile, inpatient mortality for cirrhosis patients has decreased by 41% in the U.S., at...
A new study found a significant decline in hospital mortality rates among patients with cirrhosis and liver failure. The study analyzed over 780,000 hospitalizations and found that inpatient mortality decreased steadily during the period, despite increases in patient age and medical complexity.
A major study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that treatments for alcoholic hepatitis, including prednisolone and pentoxifylline, are ineffective at increasing patient survival. The study involved over 1,000 patients and found that mortality rates remained high despite treatment.
A study found that female liver cells are more susceptible to adverse effects of drugs than male counterparts, particularly postmenopausal women. The findings highlight the need for a sex-specific approach in toxicology and suggest that current theories cannot explain why women are generally more sensitive to drug toxicity.
Researchers created a mouse model showing telomere dysfunction triggers liver damage, including cirrhosis and hepatitis. Telomeres protect genetic data, but their dysfunction leads to disease.
A large-scale genome-wide association study found that men whose fathers had liver disease are more likely to develop alcoholic cirrhosis. The study, published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, suggests that genetic factors may play a role in this increased risk.
A new study finds that effective new hepatitis C drugs are extremely costly, with some treatments costing between $94,500 and $189,000. The state of Rhode Island would need to spend almost twice its entire prison health budget to treat all its chronically infected inmates.
A new study found that combining traditional assessment tools with data from nurses' assessments significantly improves the ability to predict survival in cirrhosis patients. This may help improve patient outcomes by identifying patients who can benefit from rehabilitation and intensifying their nutritional support.
A new study published in the Journal of Hepatology shows that exercise, regardless of frequency or intensity, benefits obese and overweight adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Both aerobic and resistance training-based exercise regimens reduce liver fat and visceral fat. The improvement was independent of weight loss.
Research links non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with increased intestinal permeability, suggesting a 'gut-liver axis' role in its development. The study found that liver injury may precede changes in gut permeability, potentially worsening liver disease.
A computer model developed by scientists can predict how the liver stores fat in response to various situations, including drug treatment. This knowledge could help researchers understand and treat diseases, as well as develop new drugs with fewer side effects.
Paracetamol is ineffective in reducing pain, disability, or improving quality of life for patients with low back pain or osteoarthritis. Its use may also affect the liver, increasing the risk of liver toxicity in patients. The study calls for an urgent review of guidelines that endorse paracetamol for these conditions.
Researchers at UC Davis found that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) can boost the regenerative effects of human PPARα, allowing it to regenerate damaged livers in mice. The protein could offer significant therapeutic benefits for patients with liver disease or those who have had a liver transplant.
A study from the University of Eastern Finland found that risk factor levels even below accepted thresholds can be harmful when several risk factors cluster. Clustered risk factors were linked to elevated liver enzymes in overweight children, particularly those with a common PNPLA3 gene mutation.
Researchers discovered that genetic mutations affect the development of the diaphragm by altering the expression of the Gata4 gene, leading to a defective diaphragm and the herniation of organs. The study's findings offer new hope for the prevention and treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
A research team at Montana State University and Sweden has discovered an antioxidant system in liver cells that helps sustain function during a crisis. The system is powered by methionine, an amino acid found in high levels in egg, meat, fish, Brazil nuts, sesame seeds, and cereal grains.
Acute liver failure patients can now undergo live donor liver transplantation in emergency situations without compromising patient safety. The procedure has been shown to have similar postoperative complication rates and 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates compared to deceased donor liver transplants.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have found that liver MRI is more accurate than biopsy in determining total body iron balance. The study suggests that liver MRI can be a safer and less painful alternative to liver biopsy, which has high sampling variability and can cause bleeding.
Scientists at Children's Hospital/Pitt study discover that restoring HNF4 production can heal damaged liver cells and reverse liver failure in animal models. The gene therapy approach has significant potential for treating patients too sick for transplantation.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that liver-sparing operations, which remove less than a lobe of the liver, are linked to lower mortality and complication rates. This approach is associated with quicker recovery times and fewer complications compared to traditional major hepatectomies.
A new study presents evidence that brief exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals in infancy can lead to fatty liver disease in adulthood. The researchers found that bisphenol A (BPA) and tributyltin caused liver damage consistent with human nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis, and altered gene expression patterns that may drive obesity.
A new Penn study reveals that over-the-counter medications and dietary supplements are the leading causes of drug-induced liver failure, not prescription drugs. The research analyzed data from an integrated healthcare system in Northern California and found that acetaminophen and herbal supplements were responsible for nearly half of a...
A new oral, controlled-release form of DNP, known as CRMP, reversed fatty liver, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia in rat models of NAFLD and type 2 diabetes, with no adverse effects. The therapy achieved plasma concentrations that were more than a 100-fold less than the toxic threshold.
Researchers found that a blend of phytochemicals, including resveratrol, genistein, and quercetin, may protect the liver against inflammation caused by fat accumulation. This could be a potential treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, which affects many people, especially those who are overweight or obese.
A new molecule, endosialin, on hepatic stellate cells drives liver fibrosis by activating these cells. However, its absence improved the regenerative capacity of remaining liver cells without proliferating them. This finding helps understand how liver fibrosis develops and may lead to treatments for other diseases.
A new study found that Hispanics are more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease at a younger age than Caucasians, and are also more frequently obese and diabetic. Ethnicity is a major factor in the severity of different subtypes of ALD.
A team of researchers from the University of Alberta has shown that betaretrovirus infects patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, a rare autoimmune liver disease. The study used next-generation sequencing to identify viral DNA integration sites in patient genomes, providing evidence of viral infection.
A new study from the University of New Hampshire has found that flame retardants can cause metabolic and liver problems in laboratory rats, leading to insulin resistance. The researchers discovered that fat cells in these rats became more sensitive to hormones, similar to those experienced by people who are overweight.
Research found a link between altered gut bacteria and liver disease in adolescents with cystic fibrosis. The study suggests that targeting the gut microbiome may help prevent advanced liver disease.
A phase 3 trial found eliglustat significantly improved spleen volume reduction by 30%, hemoglobin levels, and platelet count in adults with untreated Gaucher disease type 1. The treatment showed no serious adverse events or patient discontinuations.
Saint Louis University researchers have tested a promising drug candidate that stopped fatty liver disease from progressing to severe liver damage. The drug, SR9238, suppresses lipogenesis and reduces the liver's ability to produce fat.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have identified a protein called RGS6 that controls both alcohol craving and organ damage. The team found that inhibiting RGS6 could represent a new approach to counteract alcohol dependence and protect against cell-killing actions of alcohol.
A new study suggests that dark-colored grapes may help overweight people burn fat better by managing obesity-related metabolic disorders. Consuming grape extracts containing ellagic acid proved to boost metabolism of fatty acids and slow the growth of existing fat cells.
Researchers at UC San Diego have developed an MRI-based technique to detect and evaluate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children. The new method estimates liver fat content using a standardized biomarker, PDFF, which correlates well with standard liver biopsy analysis.
Marialena Mouzaki's research on pediatric end-stage liver disease found that predictive equations underestimate energy requirements, leading to inadequate calorie provision. Indirect calorimetry should be used to ensure proper nutritional care for this vulnerable population.
A Yale-led research team has discovered the molecular mechanism behind insulin's role in regulating liver glucose production and how it fails in patients with type 2 diabetes. The findings reveal that inflammation in fatty tissue leads to increased hepatic glucose production, highlighting a potential target for new treatments.
Researchers found that mice pretreated with low doses of green tea polyphenol EGCG had a 75% reduction in liver toxicity compared to untreated mice. This study suggests that chronic green tea consumers may be less sensitive to potential liver toxicity from supplements containing green tea extract.
Researchers found that sildenafil, commonly known as Viagra, induced the liver to produce greater amounts of cyclic GMP, reducing TNF signaling and preventing liver damage. Experiments with human liver cells also showed the protective effects of the drug.
Researchers found that low sodium levels in patients with high Model for End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores of 12 or more increased liver transplant survival benefits. Patients with hyponatremia had a greater survival benefit compared to those with normal sodium levels.
A recent study published in Nature Communications found that the brain can regulate fat metabolism, potentially stopping the development of atherosclerosis and its associated risks. The researchers discovered that the brain uses the presence of fatty acids to trigger the liver to reduce its own lipid production.