Articles tagged with Saliva
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers identify a novel connection between highly variant types of Streptococcus mutans and rampant caries in high-risk children. High-risk children carry more virulent variants of the bacteria with unique adhesive proteins that improve survival in the mouth.
Scientists found that metabolic changes occur soon after quitting smoking and can lead to improved lung function and reduced heart attack risk. The study identified 52 metabolites altered by smoking, with several showing reversible changes towards a nonsmoker's profile.
A study published in mBio finds that household environment plays a major role in shaping the salivary microbiome, with similar bacteria found in individuals living together. The research team sequenced DNA and saliva from an extended Ashkenazi Jewish family to determine how environmental influences affect the microbiome.
A ground-breaking concussion study is underway, involving rugby players, to develop a rapid test for diagnosing concussions. The test, which measures biomarkers present in saliva and urine, has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment of brain trauma, particularly in sports.
Researchers have identified a potential method to screen for Zika virus exposure using proteomics in saliva. The study found that specific protein signatures can be detected in the saliva of infected individuals, allowing for earlier detection and treatment of the virus.
A study published in The FASEB Journal found that the salivary peptide histatin-1 promotes angiogenesis, a critical process for efficient wound healing. Histatin-1 was also shown to increase cell adhesion and migration, opening new avenues for understanding oral wound healing and potentially improving treatments for other types of wounds.
Research by University of Wisconsin-Madison scientists reveals that Zika virus transmission is unlikely through casual contact like kissing or sharing utensils. The study found that the virus can survive in bodily fluids for extended periods but remains inactive in saliva, which may play a role in preventing infection.
Researchers have found evidence of archaic admixture in modern Sub-Saharan African populations through the study of a salivary protein called MUC7. This suggests that interbreeding between different early hominin species may not have been unusual, but rather the norm.
A new saliva test developed by Johns Hopkins researchers matches the performance of a widely used blood test for diagnosing hepatitis E virus infection. The test has the potential to ease and speed up research into the disease, which affects an estimated 20 million people worldwide each year.
A study found that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a common periodontal pathogen, may delay conception in young women. The bacteria were more frequently detected in saliva among women who did not become pregnant, and higher antibody levels were also associated with conception delays.
A new study reveals that frogs' tongues are covered in a unique reversible saliva that changes viscosity during capture and retraction. The combination of this saliva with a super soft tongue allows for an incredible 50 times greater work of adhesion, making it a key factor in the frog's ability to hang onto its next meal.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham found that antibody levels in saliva are linked to those in blood serum, suggesting a non-invasive method for assessing immunity. Higher antibody concentrations in serum were associated with higher concentrations in saliva, particularly for IgA antibodies.
Researchers at Oregon State University found that collecting DNA from residual saliva on partially consumed salmon provides a more effective and efficient way to study brown bears. This method allows for accurate individual identification and can be adapted for other species, improving wildlife population monitoring.
A vaccine against cutaneous leishmaniasis has been developed using sand fly saliva, which induced antibodies in mice and reduced parasite levels. The study also found lower antibody levels in humans with active cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Researchers have identified a protein in mosquito saliva that binds to and inhibits the Dengue virus, reducing its transmission to human cells and mice. The study suggests that targeting this protein could provide a novel approach to preventing disease transmission.
New research on slobber shows that adaptation isn't just about creating new tools for survival. The study found repeated instructions in the MUC7 gene helped primates enhance important traits like saliva's lubricity and ability to bind microbes, suggesting evolution favors expansion of tried-and-true genetic tools.
A new portable test has been developed to detect the Zika virus in saliva for just $2, making it a promising tool for managing outbreaks. The test can accurately detect low levels of the virus and distinguish it from similar viruses like dengue.
Researchers found that mosquito saliva increases endothelial permeability, enhances immune cell migration, and promotes the spread of dengue virus during antibody-dependent enhancement. This study suggests a critical role of mosquito saliva in exacerbating dengue disease severity.
Researchers at Harvard University developed a rapid and portable test for Zika virus that can detect the virus in serum or saliva samples at lower concentrations than previously possible. The test has the potential to improve upon key limitations of currently available options and enable mass monitoring of outbreaks.
Researchers have discovered unique molecular signatures, known as saliva fingerprints, which may be used to detect diseases in a non-invasive and stress-free manner. These signatures are distinct from those found in urine samples and remain relatively stable despite dietary variations.
Researchers from Inserm and Aix-Marseille University have confirmed that the ZIKA virus can be transmitted sexually. Genetic analysis showed a 100% correlation between the virus forms present in a man who contracted the virus in Brazil and a woman who had never traveled to an epidemic area but had sexual relations with him.
Researchers discovered that all four parts of the IP3 receptor must be activated for calcium to increase and initiate fluid secretion. This finding has broad implications for understanding human secretory disorders like Sjögren's syndrome, which causes dry mouth and affects quality of life.
A study presented at the American Association for Dental Research Annual Meeting found that saliva liquid biopsy accurately detected EGFR mutations in lung cancer patients, with high accuracy rates. The test showed promise as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for detecting actionable EGFR mutations.
Researchers at MIT used high-speed imaging to capture the intricate process of sneezing, revealing a paint-like pattern of fluid fragmentation. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding disease transmission and identifying super-spreaders.
Researchers developed a saliva-based test detecting methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, propan 1,3 glycol and γ-hydroxybutyric acid. The test uses gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry for accurate detection of toxic levels in saliva samples.
A new University of Birmingham study has found that lower levels of antibodies in saliva are associated with an elevated risk of mortality. The research discovered a negative correlation between IgA secretion rate and all-cause mortality rates, with underlying associations to cancer mortality, particularly non-lung cancers.
Researchers have discovered that autism-relevant biomarkers can be measured in adult saliva, providing a promising avenue for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment. The study, which analyzed levels of 10 biomarkers in saliva from neurotypical adults, brings us closer to effectively diagnosing and treating autism.
Research at Lund University reveals that mucus in the saliva stimulates white blood cells to form effective nets of DNA and proteins, capturing and killing bacteria. Patients with aphthous stomatitis and Behçet's disease often lack saliva with this property, highlighting a potential link between mucus and these diseases.
Researchers believe that tick spit proteins, such as alpha-gal, can cause severe allergic reactions in humans. A vaccine could be created to target these proteins, potentially providing protection against tick bite allergies.
Engineers at UC San Diego developed a mouth guard that monitors health markers in saliva, transmitting data wirelessly to smartphones. The technology could be used to continuously monitor patients without invasive procedures or athletes' performance.
Researchers analyzed saliva of cirrhosis patients to predict inflammasions and hospitalization, revealing a new target for research. The study found that oral microbiota reflects changes in gut microbiota in cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy.
A recent study by University of Zurich researchers found that power poses, commonly believed to boost confidence and influence hormones, have no impact on actual behavior. However, the study did show that power poses can affect one's perception of power, leading to increased self-confidence.
The Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology has developed a paper-based disposable device to detect dengue-specific antibodies from saliva, enabling early diagnosis and treatment. The device can differentiate between primary and secondary dengue infections, reducing the risk of severe complications.
A saliva test for gum disease has been recognized by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) and may be made available 'over-the-counter'. The test aims to predict future damage caused by periodontitis, a common inflammatory oral disease linked to diabetes and heart disease.
A team of researchers will assess the ability of Nanotrap technology to detect Ebola virus in saliva, offering a safer and more accurate testing method. The project aims to address the dire need for better testing methods for Ebola, using non-invasive saliva collection and highly sensitive diagnostic tests.
Researchers found that couples who kiss frequently share similar oral bacteria, with at least nine kisses per day leading to significantly shared salivary microbiota. The study also suggests an important role for other mechanisms that select oral microbiota, shaped by lifestyle and personal care habits.
A new saliva test has been developed that can diagnose deadly diseases like diabetes and cancer at an early stage. The test uses RNA molecules found in saliva to detect diseases, with the potential to lead to personalized medicine.
Physicians at Johns Hopkins have developed blood and saliva tests that accurately predict the recurrence of HPV-linked oral cancers. The tests screen for DNA fragments of the human papillomavirus shed from cancer cells, with accuracy rates of up to 70% in some patients.
Research at York University reveals that moose drool can slow down the growth of a toxic fungus in red fescue grass, reducing its toxicity. The study suggests that repeated exposure to moose saliva may lead to lower toxin levels in affected areas.
Researchers have developed a device that uses smartphones to measure cortisol levels in saliva, providing an inexpensive alternative to current lab-based tests. The new technology is expected to cost less than $5 and take less than 10 minutes to administer.
The new sensor uses dye chemistry and plasmonic interferometry to selectively measure glucose concentrations in complex solutions like human saliva. It can detect changes in glucose concentration of 0.1 micromoles per liter, which is 10 times more sensitive than previous methods.
Researchers at UC Riverside discovered that a bacterial protein in aphid saliva, GroEL, induces immune responses in plants. This finding could lead to the development of durable resistance against aphid attacks in crops.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that saliva enzymes, blood proteins, and muscle proteins can protect against DNA damage caused by pyrogallol-like polyphenols (PLPs) in teas, coffees, and liquid smoke flavorings. The presence of these defenses may explain why PLPs are not causing widespread illness despite their toxic effects.
A study of 40 black boys aged 9 found that those from disadvantaged environments had shorter telomeres, a biomarker for aging, than their advantaged peers. Boys with genetic sensitivities to stress also showed accelerated telomere shortening.
Researchers have developed a saliva-powered, micro-sized microbial fuel cell that produces nearly 1 microwatt of power. The device uses graphene and bacteria from the natural environment to create energy, paving the way for portable biomedical devices with built-in power sources.
Researchers found a significant decrease in snuff smoke exposure among non-smokers in Spain after the implementation of tobacco control laws. The perception of being exposed to snuff smoke decreased by 36.5% at home and 25% overall, indicating smokers are restricting indoor smoking.
Researchers at Penn State have identified major protein components in brown marmorated stink bug saliva, revealing distinct profiles for watery and sheath salivas. This breakthrough may lead to new pest control methods by targeting specific factors essential to feeding behavior.
Researchers found that byproducts of two bacteria causing gum disease promote the growth of Kaposi's sarcoma-related lesions and tumors in the mouth. High levels of these bacteria are associated with periodontal disease, while healthy gums show lower levels.
Researchers developed a magnetic nanoparticles-based method to extract DNA from saliva and blood samples of stroke patients. This non-invasive method was used to screen for the C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene, which is a risk factor for stroke.
Researchers at UCLA School of Dentistry validated that pancreatic cancer biomarkers reside in saliva through a study on tumor-ridden mouse models. The team demonstrated that tumor-derived extracellular RNA molecules are transported through exosome vesicles and re-processed into saliva as biomarkers.
Researchers have identified a novel biomarker, nerve growth factor (sNGF), linked to the body's response to stress and resilience. Higher sNGF levels during stress are associated with lower negative emotions and lower problem behaviors, suggesting its potential as a protective marker.
The UCLA School of Dentistry is developing a salivary biomarker panel to detect stomach cancer using exRNA biomarkers. The research has the potential to create a new paradigm in salivary diagnostics, revealing saliva's transformative potential for detecting systemic diseases.
Researchers at Malmo University found that saliva samples can reveal traces of serious illnesses, such as cancer and diabetes. This breakthrough could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment with a simple saliva test.
A scientist uses genetic analysis and 3D printing to create facial sculptures of anonymous strangers from their DNA collected from public places. The project raises questions about the limits of personal privacy in the digital age.
Researchers found that seniors' saliva contains more efficient germ-fighting proteins that bind to influenza, helping them fight off the disease. The study's findings may provide useful information for understanding age-related diseases and developing prevention strategies.
Researchers from the University of Granada confirmed the effectiveness of a spray containing 1% malic acid in improving xerostomy, or dry mouth, caused by anti-depressant drugs. The study found significant improvements in symptoms and quality of life for patients with this condition.
Researchers studied stress in equestrian events and found horses remain unaffected by audience presence, unlike their riders. Riders exhibited increased stress levels when performing for spectators, indicating a significant difference in emotional response between horse and rider.
Researchers expose berry extracts to human saliva to see what health-promoting substances survive. Anthocyanins, responsible for berries' colors, are more susceptible to degradation in the mouth.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have discovered that testing a portion of the saliva gland may diagnose Parkinson's disease more accurately. The study found abnormal proteins associated with the disease in nine out of 11 patients, offering hope for improved diagnosis and treatment.
A new study reveals that hyperparasitoids exploit plant odours triggered by parasitoid-infected caterpillars, compromising the mutualistic relationship between plants and parasitoids. This complex network of interactions highlights the importance of considering species at multiple trophic levels in ecological functions.