Articles tagged with Skin Tumors
Three Syracuse University physicists are using a $686,000 NSF grant to study the dynamics and interactions of cancer cells and develop a better understanding of tumor behavior. Their research aims to shed light on tissue behavior, cell segregation, and cell escape.
Researchers at FAU aim to detect micrometastases and tumour markers using extracellular vesicles, improving cancer reoccurrence risk assessment for individual patients.
Researchers have identified the 'cell of origin' in basal cell carcinoma, a common form of skin cancer, as stem cells. By analyzing clones derived from mutant stem cells, they found that these cells can overcome apoptosis and divide unchecked, leading to cancer growth.
Scientists discovered a unique tumour-suppressor gene, alternative reading frame (ARF), that remains active in naked mole rat induced pluripotent stem cells. Reprogramming these cells into human-like iPSCs may lead to safer cell-based therapeutics by avoiding tumour formation.
A study by Cornell University researchers found genetic links between horse immune function and the papillomavirus that causes sarcoid skin tumors. The findings suggest a complex mix of virus, host genes, and tumor development, with relevance to related human conditions like cervical cancer.
Two patients with liver metastasis from melanoma survived for at least 8.5 and 12 years after receiving patient-specific immunotherapeutic vaccines. The vaccines were derived from the patients' own dendritic cells loaded with proteins isolated from their tumors. Co-Editor-in-Chief Donald J. Buchsbaum, PhD, describes these results as
Researchers have found that a protein called OSMR is required for glioblastoma tumours to form, and blocking its activity prevents tumours from forming in mouse brains. The study also suggests that this protein could be a potential target for new therapies for other cancers with high EGFR expression.
A team of researchers has identified a protein called PITPNC1 that characterizes aggressive cancer cells. This protein enables cancer cells to spread through the blood vessels by penetrating tissue, allowing for earlier detection and potentially more effective treatments.
Mathematicians and physicians at the University of Bonn have developed a new model for immunotherapy of cancer. The method describes how tumor cells change their external appearance in response to treatment, making it difficult for T-cells to recognize them as harmful.
A new blood test can detect early warning signs of skin cancer relapse in advanced melanoma patients by tracking levels of circulating tumour DNA. The test identifies new mutations in genes like NRAS and PI3K, which may cause the relapse.
Geneticists at UNIGE sequenced DNA of skin tumors to determine genes responsible for cancerogenesis in basal cell carcinoma. New cancer genes MYCN, PTPN14 and LATS1 were identified, which can complicate treatment.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have developed shape-shifting nanoparticles that can target and deliver cancer drugs to specific tumor types. The system uses modular particles attached to DNA sequences to gain access to diseased tissue, minimizing collateral damage.
Researchers discovered that mice exercising on a running wheel had slower cancer growth due to increased immune cell mobilization. The adrenaline rush triggered by exercise stimulated natural killer cells to attack tumors.
A University of Michigan study found that nisin can kill 70-80 percent of head and neck tumor cells in rats and extend survival. Nisin also fights deadly bacteria such as MRSA, using its ability to bind to bacteria and kill biofilms.
Immune cells called Langerhans cells can uniquely repair DNA damage caused by radiotherapy, making them resistant to treatment. Researchers found that mimicking immunotherapy drugs can block this ability, preventing immune response and improving radiation therapy effectiveness.
Researchers discovered that introducing a specific strain of bacteria into mice with melanoma boosted their immune systems to attack tumor cells. The findings suggest that manipulating gut bacteria can improve immunotherapy outcomes, providing a new approach to treating cancer.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that a common heart medication can stop the progression of angiosarcoma, a highly lethal blood vessel cancer. The treatment used propranolol, which costs significantly less than current therapies.
Researchers have developed a radiotherapeutic bandage that has shown promise as an alternative therapy for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in an animal model. The bandages, which are made with nanoparticles containing inactivated radioactive material, can be individually tailored and manufactured on a large scale.
Scientists have discovered a cytokine called MIF that regulates EGFR activation in the tumor microenvironment, promoting tumor progression. The findings could lead to new approaches in treating tumors by intervening in this self-regulating loop.
A recent study published in Nature Genetics found that keratin 17 promotes tumor growth by driving a specific type of sustained inflammation that helps cancer develop aggressively. The protein is detected in various cancers and other skin diseases, but its role in tumor development was previously unknown.
Researchers found that subcutaneous administration of multispecific antibodies improves tumor treatment by better tolerability and undiminished effectiveness. The study suggests that this method could lead to broader availability of tumor treatment for patients, potentially eliminating hospitalization.
Immunotherapy with pembrolizumab was effective in 24.8% of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer, resulting in significant tumor shrinkage and improved outcomes.
Sanford-Burnham researchers have identified a new molecular pathway, JAK1, that drives resistance to BRAF inhibitor treatment in melanoma tumors. Targeting JAK1 may improve the effectiveness of current therapy for patients with drug-resistant melanoma.
Researchers at the University of Chicago have identified a cell-intrinsic cancer-causing pathway that disrupts T cell infiltration in melanoma, enabling tumors to evade immune surveillance. Disrupting this signaling pathway could help restore T cell access and enhance the potential of immune-mediated cancer treatment.
Researchers have developed a model that allows for precise targeting of tumors while reducing dose to surrounding tissues. The rescanning technique compensates for tumor motion, averaging out the delivered dose while keeping doses to normal tissues low.
A new model, XactMice, allows researchers to test anti-cancer therapies in an environment similar to real patients. Human blood stem cells are used to grow a human-like immune system before tumor transplantation.
Researchers at IDIBELL have created new mouse models for studying neurofibromatosis type 1, a rare genetic disorder. The models, which reproduce human tumor characteristics, enable the prediction of tumor development and treatment decisions.
Researchers successfully used green tea compounds to enhance imaging of cancer tumors in mice via MRIs. The novel agents showed a strong contrast between tumor and non-tumor cells, suggesting promising candidates for future use.
Researchers at Rockefeller University found that exposure to TGF-beta prompts changes in mouse tumor stem cells, making them more vulnerable to drugs. The study suggests that this environmental factor contributes to the unpredictable behavior of cancer cells and may lead to better treatment strategies for life-threatening cancers.
A study found that circulating free DNA (cfDNA) from blood samples of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer can detect EGFR mutations, which are associated with expected patient outcomes. The presence of these mutations in cfDNA was linked to shorter overall survival and reduced disease progression-free survival.
Two new fluorescent dyes, CLR1501 and CLR1502, attracted to cancer cells, were evaluated for their ability to differentiate brain tumors from normal brain tissue in mice. The results confirmed that both agents provided excellent fluorescence discrimination of tumor from adjacent normal brain.
A study led by a UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center researcher identified genomic changes in head and neck cancers linked to the sexually transmitted disease HPV. The findings, published in Nature, may help lead to new therapies and identify markers for patients likely to respond to treatment.
Researchers at CNIO discovered that Notch genes act as tumour suppressors in bladder cancer, clarifying their role and providing clues for understanding their dual function. The study cautions against using therapeutic strategies based on Notch deactivation due to potential increased risk of developing squamous-type tumours.
Researchers at King's College London identified a mechanism by which bacteria trigger tumour formation in skin damaged wounds. The study highlights the role of bacterial protein flagellin and immune receptor TLR-5 in this process.
Scientists discovered that bacterial biofilms are associated with colon cancer, particularly in the ascending colon. A novel imaging technique revealed diverse microbial communities in these biofilms, suggesting a possible link between bacteria and tumor development.
Patients with B-cell Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and advanced solid tumors have responded to the new drug E7438, a histone methyltransferase inhibitor. The drug has shown anti-tumor effects in four patients with refractory lymphoma and one patient with a malignant rhabdoid tumor, indicating potential for personalized medical therapy.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified the specific type of cell that gives rise to large, disfiguring plexiform neurofibromas, a finding that could lead to new therapies for preventing tumor growth. The study suggests ways to develop treatments by understanding the steps leading to tumor development.
MIT researchers have developed a new way to model the effects of genetic mutations in mice using CRISPR, enabling rapid analysis of genes linked with cancer growth. This approach fills a gap in understanding the role of cancer-gene candidates and offers new ways for personalized treatments.
Researchers found high concordance (94%) between EGFR mutations in plasma-derived ctDNA and tumor tissue in NSCLC patients. This suggests that a single plasma sample may be sufficient for mutation status assessment when tumor tissue is unavailable.
A study found that high-mitotic rate melanomas are more likely to occur on the head and neck, grow rapidly, and be present in older men with a history of solar keratosis. These tumors have distinct clinical features, including nodular structure and amelanosis, which may pose a challenge to timely detection.
Researchers have developed a new hand-held device that uses photoacoustic microscopy to accurately measure the depth of melanoma tumors in living tissue. This technology has the potential to improve diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment planning for melanoma patients by providing valuable information on tumor volume.
Researchers found that fast-growing melanoma cells 'piggy-back' with invasive cells to establish new tumors, increasing the disease's deadly potential. The discovery could lead to new treatments for aggressive melanoma.
Researchers found that women with breast cancers involving the skin have widely varied survival rates, differing by tumor size and nodal involvement. They recommend adding a new staging category for tumors with skin involvement to accurately reflect a woman's chances of surviving her cancer.
Researchers at CNIO discover that NANOG gene is active in adult organisms, regulating cell division in stratified epithelia. Blocking NANOG action reduces tumour cell proliferation, highlighting its role in cancerous cells.
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that the size of tumors before treatment is a strong predictor of response to immunotherapy drug MK-3475. The findings suggest that decreasing baseline tumor size through surgery or other means may be more effective in inducing long-lasting remissions.
A rare type of melanoma that affects darker skins is almost twice as likely to recur as other similar types of skin cancer. The study found that acral lentiginous melanoma has a high recurrence rate, especially in small tumors.
Michigan State University researchers identified a gene mutation in Doberman pinschers that causes albinism, similar to humans. The study found over half of albino dogs developed tumors, while only one regular-colored dog did.
Researchers developed a vaccine against rodent skin papillomavirus that prevented benign and malignant skin tumors in vaccinated animals. The vaccine worked even when given to already infected animals and suppressed the virus in mice treated with immune-suppressive drugs.
Researchers found that patients with high tumor cell density in sentinel lymph nodes are more likely to die from melanoma within 5 years. A new model predicts patient survival more accurately, identifying those at high risk for progression and those with excellent long-term outcomes.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified BRD4 as a potential therapeutic target for MPNST, a rare and aggressive type of soft-tissue cancer. Inhibiting BRD4 caused cancer cells to die in a mouse model, providing new hope for patients with this incurable disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that erlotinib, a drug approved to treat lung cancer, substantially shrunk chordoma tumors in mice. The study offers new hope for chordoma patients who have exhausted traditional treatments and have limited financial incentives for pharmaceutical companies to develop new drugs.
Researchers developed a new immunotherapy approach that successfully treated glioblastoma, a fatal brain tumor, by stimulating the immune system and inducing tumor rejection. The treatment, combining intra-tumoral Interleukin-12 with CTLA-4 blockade, achieved a success rate of up to 80% in preclinical trials.
A Phase I clinical trial found that eight out of 16 patients with glioblastoma multiforme survived longer than five years, with median overall survival at 38.4 months. The treatment used an ICT-107 vaccine to alert the immune system to cancer cells and activate a tumor-killing response.
Researchers discover that increasing c-Fos expression in the skin promotes the development of squamous cell carcinomas, a highly aggressive type of skin cancer. Anti-inflammatory drugs can decrease tumor progression by blocking the immune response induced by c-Fos.
Researchers at UC Berkeley discovered that inhibiting an enzyme can dramatically reduce tumor growth and aggressiveness in cancer cells. The study sheds light on the importance of lipids in cancer development and suggests a promising new target for cancer therapy.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center are investigating whether an injectable dye called PV-10 can shrink tumors and reduce the spread of cancer in melanoma patients. The study shows promising results, with a significant reduction in skin cancer lesions and melanoma tumors that had spread to the lungs.
A new analysis reveals carbon ion radiotherapy controls cancer growth and prolongs survival in patients with spinal tumors, offering a promising alternative to surgery. The treatment has minimal impact on healthy tissues and potential to preserve quality of life.
A phase 2 trial found moderate dose radiotherapy to be an effective treatment for patients with desmoid-type fibromatosis, with a 81.5% local control rate at 3 years. The response was slow, but continued regression was seen even after three years.
Researchers at IMIM have discovered a new function of the IB protein involved in squamous-cell carcinoma development. The study found that nuclear IB is lost during tumour progression, making it a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.
Two genetic mutations, PDGFRB and NOTCH3, have been identified as potential therapeutic targets for infantile myofibromatosis (IM), a rare and debilitating disorder. Current treatment options involve repeated surgical removal of tumors, which can be invasive and disfiguring.