Articles tagged with Skin Tumors
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A Brazilian group developed a peptide called Rb4 that triggers necrosis in murine melanoma cells and inhibits the viability of human cancer cells. In mice, Rb4 reduced lung metastasis and slowed subcutaneous melanoma growth, increasing survival by 25%.
A new study by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators found that T cells' genetic program and developmental path affect their response to immunotherapy. The results suggest that infiltrating T cells don't all meet the same fate in every tumor, with long-lived memory programs correlating strongly with overall survival
A new study from University of Gothenburg found that men with high childhood BMI are at an elevated risk of obesity-related cancer, even if their weight is normal in young adulthood. The study analyzed data from 6,565 men born between 1945 and 1961 and found a persistently increased risk of adult obesity-related cancer.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that EGFR inhibitor treatment can target and kill persistent cancer cells in rhabdomyosarcoma, a type of soft tissue cancer common in children. The study's results support a new clinical trial strategy for treating the disease.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University found that increasing sun exposure in rehabilitation facilities can enhance health and recovery in green sea turtles with fibropapillomatosis. Vitamin D levels increased significantly in turtles exposed to higher UV light, leading to less tumor regrowth and improved overall health.
Adding immunotherapy to chemotherapy before surgery reduced the risk of recurrence and death in lung cancer patients by 37%, according to a phase III trial. The treatment also led to a nearly twelvefold increase in pathological complete response, with 24% of patients achieving no active cancer remaining when the tumor was removed.
Researchers have identified a gene mutation in ARID2 that signals the development of aggressively metastatic melanoma. The study suggests patients with this mutation may require different treatment approaches to manage their cancer effectively. Further research is underway to refine this understanding and improve patient outcomes.
A recent study published in Developmental Cell reveals that Kras mutation causes chromatin rearrangement, leading to stem-like cell regeneration and tumor onset. The team discovered a protein complex called AP-1 as the mediator of this process, which can be targeted with small-molecule drugs.
A study reveals how CSDE1 coordinates skin cell senescence, slowing down cellular function without causing death. This leads to the formation of a firewall against cancer, suppressing tumor growth.
A recent study at Tampere University discovered that the expression of an allergy-related receptor chain for proinflammatory IL-13 cytokine protects against experimental skin cancer. The absence of this receptor led to increased regulatory T cells and a suppressed immune response, allowing cancer cells to grow and form tumors.
A Mount Sinai study reveals that young adult cancer patients exhibit distinct genetic hallmarks and immune system responses compared to their older counterparts. These findings suggest personalized treatment approaches for young adults with various types of cancers.
Researchers analyzed data from over 3,200 brain metastatic tumors and discovered that different types of cancer tend to spread to specific parts of the brain. The study's findings may help predict where a particular cancer will metastasize and inform treatment strategies.
The KEYNOTE-716 trial shows that adjuvant pembrolizumab significantly prolongs recurrence-free survival and halves distant recurrences in stage II B/C melanoma patients. This suggests that patients with high-risk stage II melanoma should be offered adjuvant therapy.
Researchers found that four patients with rare angiosarcoma partially or completely responded to treatment with a combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab. Stable disease was maintained by two more patients, with at least one patient experiencing complete tumor disappearance.
A phase II clinical trial of remetinostat gel found a 69.7% response rate to the topical treatment, with complete responses observed across multiple BCC subtypes, and a durable response in nodular BCCs.
Researchers at KU Leuven found that certain antibiotics can effectively target melanoma cells' mitochondria, which are vulnerable to specific classes of antibiotics. This suggests that these antibiotics may be repurposed as anti-melanoma agents to buy time for immunotherapy.
A new study published in the American Journal of Pathology uses Fast IR imaging-based AI to identify tumor type in lung cancer, providing a promising diagnostic method for future testing and treatment prediction. The analysis takes only half an hour, offering a significant improvement over current methods.
A genetic analysis of leopard geckos has identified a cancer gene linked to skin tumors, shedding light on the animals' unique coloration patterns. The study, published in PLOS Genetics, suggests that the geckos' bright colors may be caused by an error in the gene, leading to overproduction of white skin cells and reflective crystals.
Researchers analyzed 36 patients with skin squamous-cell carcinoma, finding that CD8+ T cells infiltrated tumors with lymphatic endothelial cells. Perineural infiltrated sSCC without metastasis showed low lymphatic endothelial cell density, suggesting a link to tumor microenvironment biology.
A £8 million project led by the University of Warwick aims to develop new technology combining probes that detect cancer tumours through the skin with high-precision robotic surgery. The Terabotics project has the potential to lead to real-time diagnosis and more comprehensive removal of tumours with reduced need for follow-up surgery.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a predictive model using tumor biomarkers and imaging parameters to forecast chemotherapy response. The model's accuracy reaches 0.94, allowing for early adjustments to treatment plans and reduced use of toxic chemotherapy drugs.
A new study in zebrafish reveals that tumors can alter the metabolism of healthy tissues, which could lead to new cancer treatments. The research found that melanoma consumes more glucose than other tissues, but surprisingly, this has no impact on circulating glucose levels.
A study reveals nearly 30% of breast cancer patients convert to HER2-low status, offering potential treatment opportunities for hard-to-treat tumours. The findings also suggest that HER2-low expression is more frequent in hormone receptor-positive tumours.
A comprehensive review of neuropilin-1 research reveals its role in cancer development and proliferation. Inhibiting NRP-1 activity is an attractive idea for treating cancers, with various therapeutic strategies already developed.
Researchers developed a new vaccine that uses a patient's own tumor cells to train the immune system to find and kill cancer, promoting a broad and robust immune response. The therapy has shown long-term efficacy against metastasis and relapse in mouse models, offering potential for treatment of various cancers.
A subset of T cells, known as memory T cells, can persist for years in melanoma patients with durable responses to immunotherapy. Researchers identified a new subset of resident memory (TRM) cells that localize to patient skin and tumor and make high levels of the cytokine interferon gamma.
Researchers at the University of Chicago developed a new therapeutic vaccine that uses a patient's own tumor cells to train their immune system to find and kill cancer. The vaccine stopped melanoma tumor growth in mouse models and promoted a broad, robust immune response, preventing new tumor growth when tumor cells were re-introduced.
Researchers have developed a hydrogel that slowly releases mRNA nanoparticles, activating T cells and stimulating antibody production in mice with melanoma. The treatment causes tumors to shrink and prevents metastasis, demonstrating great potential for long-lasting cancer immunotherapy.
A new study found that a gene-based blood test can accurately monitor treatment progress in people with late-stage melanoma, allowing for swift treatment modification and potentially saving lives. The test targets the most common mutations in melanoma cells, detecting DNA fragments released by dying tumor cells.
Researchers at Yale University have developed an injection treatment for skin cancer that uses polymer-based nanoparticles carrying chemotherapy agents. The treatment's bioadhesive properties allow it to kill cancer cells and stimulate the immune system, potentially eliminating the need for surgery.
Researchers developed a platform to derive comprehensive molecular profiles of tumours, enabling personalized therapy recommendations and expanded treatment options. The Tumor Profiler study analyzed 240 patients' tumour samples using advanced testing methods, providing insights into cellular diversity and treatment response.
The study identified three distinct subtypes of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) with varying prognoses. The subtypes CIN, Basal, and Immune showed potential for different treatments, including CDK4/6 inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies targeting EGFR, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Researchers found that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and surface protein markers PD-1 and PD-L1 can help guide immunotherapy treatment for cutaneous angiosarcomas. The study suggests that combining immunotherapies with conventional chemotherapy may be effective in treating this rare skin cancer.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have identified 20 cell types in teratomas, which could offer insights into human development and tissue engineering. The team also developed a method to 'molecularly sculpt' teratomas to be enriched in specific lineages.
Researchers have discovered a subset of melanoma cells located at the edge of tumours that are highly invasive and successful at forming new tumours. These 'rounded-amoeboid' cells use a powerful signalling cascade to initiate tumour growth, offering new insights into cancer spread and treatment options.
Researchers have discovered a signal molecule called Interleukin-32 that can make tumors attackable again, improving the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This combination treatment shows promise in animal models and may lead to improved life expectancy for melanoma patients with higher IL-32 activity.
Scientists discovered that mechanical properties of tissue elements surrounding pre-malignant cells influence the development of basal and squamous cell carcinomas, two common forms of skin cancer. The research may help predict how a tumor will evolve and lead to novel anti-cancer therapies.
Researchers have developed a 3D bioprinted skin model of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) to test the efficacy of chemotherapies. The model selectively killed cSCC cells while sparing normal keratinocytes, demonstrating its potential for pre-clinical screening.
Researchers have successfully treated horse melanomas using Amblyomin-X, a protein derived from tick saliva. The treatment resulted in tumor shrinkage and remission in some cases, with no adverse reactions reported. Further analysis of signaling pathways revealed activation of the innate immune system's rapid response.
Researchers blocked a 'jamming signal' that prevents interleukin-18 from reaching tumors, significantly reducing their growth in mice with cancer. The treatment, developed by Yale scientists, uses a synthetic version of IL-18 that can overcome the blocking protein and increase anti-tumor responses.
A new method for predicting the evolution of melanoma uses the quantification of BRAF-V600E mutation load as a prognostic marker. The study found that patients with lower levels of this mutation in their primary tumours were more likely to develop metastasis, suggesting its potential use as a predictor of progress to metastasis.
A study found that loss of p16 expression is associated with shortened overall survival in esophageal cancer patients, while high Ki67 labeling index is an independent prognosticator of poor survival. Rare homozygous 9p21 deletions can lead to complete loss of p16 expression.
A new tumour sampling method, representative sequencing, accurately detects genetic alterations in tumours by collecting data from a well-mixed representation of the whole tumour. This method has been shown to be more consistent and accurate than current methods, with implications for personalized cancer treatment.
A new study from Washington University School of Medicine has found that brain tumors in children with NF1 are driven by nearby noncancerous neurons and immune cells. The researchers discovered that targeting immune cells slows tumor growth in mice, pointing to potential new treatments.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have developed a new compound that can kill cancer cells deep within tumors, addressing two major drawbacks of current photodynamic therapy. The compound uses infrared light to damage DNA directly, bypassing oxygen requirements.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a system to control CAR T cells using blue light, destroying skin tumors without harming healthy tissue. In tests, the treatment reduced tumor size by 8-9 fold in 90% of mice.
Researchers developed a novel method to analyze chemotherapy-resistant tumors using circulating tumor cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed gene expression differences between individual cells, providing insight into the evolution of multiple resistance mechanisms.
A cold plasma patch has been developed to deliver immune checkpoint inhibitors and cold plasma directly to tumors, boosting the immune response and killing cancer cells. The patch significantly prolonged survival and inhibited tumor growth in mice with melanoma.
A recent study published in eLife found that chronic inflammation can turn the skin's protective IgE antibody into a tumor promoter. In mice with cancer-causing mutations, chronic activation of IgE by inflammation supported the growth of precancerous skin cells into tumors.
Researchers found that injecting influenza vaccines into tumors increases the immune system's response, changing cold tumors to hot ones. This triggers an immune-stimulating effect, reducing tumor growth and improving survival rates. The study suggests that flu shots could be repurposed as cancer treatments.
Researchers have discovered a novel combination of antibodies that significantly enhances the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy, particularly in 'cold' tumors. The combination stabilizes tumor blood vessels and strengthens the immune system, leading to improved tumor tissue destruction.
Researchers developed a new classification system for tumors based on genome sequencing, assigning patients to one of sixteen groups. The system provides important information for diagnosis and treatment, including potential responses to immunotherapy.
A new study from Northwestern Medicine reports the first guidelines for treating sebaceous carcinoma, a cancer of oil glands that can be found on the skin or in the eye. The guidelines provide clear direction for treating these tumors, which may result in fewer deaths.
Researchers from VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research found that HMGB1 controls the actions of neutrophils, a specific type of immune cells, in skin wounds and that this is crucial for cancer initiation. Targeting this pathway could be beneficial in diabetic wound care and in patients suffering from skin blistering diseases.
Researchers discovered a new way to optimize PSMA-targeted prostate cancer treatment by adjusting peptide concentrations, reducing tumor uptake and salivary gland damage. The study suggests that setting an optimal molar activity level can minimize adverse effects while maintaining therapeutic efficacy.
A new cell therapy approach has been developed by Dr Christopher E Rudd, boosting the immune response of T lymphocytes to malignant tumours.
Scientists at Newcastle University have made a breakthrough in understanding CYLD cutaneous syndrome, a rare genetic skin disease. Changes in the DNA of tumour cells were identified, which may provide a target for new treatments to inhibit their growth.
A novel molecular marker has been identified for tumor aggression in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a rare genetic syndrome. ALT-positive tumors were found to be more aggressive, occurring mostly in gliomas.
Stevens researchers create technology to detect skin lesions and determine if they are cancerous or benign using millimeter-wave radiation. The device could reduce unnecessary biopsies by 50% and disrupt the $5.3 billion diagnostic market for skin cancer.
Researchers have discovered a new form of immunotherapy that targets and removes specific immune cells called macrophages, which support cancer growth. The technique has shown promising results in treating malignant melanoma, with tumors shrinking after the removal of these cells.