A study by Bocconi University argues that the US Supreme Court's 'free market of ideas' metaphor is misleading due to concentrated platform power. The authors suggest framing Internet regulation around this concept to address issues like content moderation and user protection.
Research identifies three key properties that lead to gene survival on snake sex-specific chromosomes: dosage sensitivity, broad tissue expression, and strong purifying selection. These genes play critical roles in developmental processes and are also linked to human birth defects.
Researchers at NIST have developed a compact optical platform to cool atoms, enabling the creation of super-accurate atomic clocks and quantum devices. The miniaturized system uses flat optics and a metasurface to efficiently interact with and cool large collections of atoms.
A study analyzing data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study found that satisfaction with end-of-life care was highest when individuals died at home. Individuals who received hospice care were more likely to die at home, regardless of their cognitive health.
A large international consortium has identified nine genes that increase breast cancer risk, which can now be used to personalize follow-up and screening programs. The study analyzed 113,000 samples and confirms the importance of these genes in predicting breast cancer risk.
A randomized clinical trial found that pre-surgery chemotherapy did not improve survival rates in early-stage pancreatic cancer patients, but it is a safer alternative. The study paved the way for further treatment testing and molecular analysis of tumor tissue.
A new study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research suggests that carbon pricing is a more efficient way to address climate change than regulations and bans. The study highlights the economic benefits of Pigouvian taxation, which can help maximize welfare while minimizing negative externalities.
A recent study published in EMBO Molecular Medicine found that a vegan diet significantly alters the metabolism of young children, leading to lower levels of vitamins A and D, cholesterol forms, essential amino acids, and docosahexaenoic acid. However, folate levels were surprisingly high in these children.
Cholesterol crystals are identified as a primary cause of preeclampsia, triggering an inflammatory response that affects the communication between mother and foetus. This discovery may lead to more effective treatment options, including cholesterol-lowering medications.
A new study reveals that people with severe COVID-19 cases have stronger long-term immunity due to a higher number of protective memory T cells. In contrast, those with milder cases may experience T cell exhaustion, which can hinder their ability to build long-term immunity.
Researchers at the University of Illinois used artificial materials with defects to study topological features and demonstrate a practical approach for exploring unconventional materials. They created a method for trapping fractional charges on disclination defects, which signals the presence of certain kinds of topology.
Researchers propose improved tumor models to personalize cancer treatment by analyzing patient-derived samples and clinical trials data. This approach aims to accelerate the pace of cancer research, facilitating faster and more reliable drug testing.
A recent study found that daily aspirin use does not reduce the risk of colorectal cancer among adults who start taking it after age 70. However, there may be a potential benefit for those who begin taking aspirin at an earlier age.
A new method traces real-time cancer progression across thousands of cells, identifying rare events and distinct gene expression profiles associated with metastatic phenotypes. The approach could inform aspects of cellular cancer biology, including genetic mutations, microenvironment adaptation and resistance to therapeutic agents.
Physicists at MIT searched for axions in Betelgeuse, a nearby star expected to burn out soon, but found no signs of the hypothetical dark matter particles. The null result sets new constraints on axion properties, making it harder to detect them through X-ray signals.
Researchers have found that tiny diamonds can form in the presence of small electric fields, which play a central role in their creation. The experiments conducted by the Russian research team showed that applying less than one volt triggers a chemical transformation process, resulting in pure carbon in the form of diamond.
Research suggests adult males are twice as likely to die from severe COVID-19 as females due to biological factors, according to a new Perspective article. Differences in antiviral immune responses between the sexes, including sex-specific genes and hormone roles, may underlie this male bias.
The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America has released a new research agenda to inform clinical practice, policy, and prevention strategies for COVID-19. The agenda highlights critical areas of study, including understanding asymptomatic spread and long-term cardiometabolic impacts.
A study by Scripps Research has discovered a memory gating system employing dopamine to direct transient forgetting, a temporary lapse of memory that spontaneously returns. The mechanism was found to be separate from long-term memory recall.
A new study provides the first national estimate of systemic lupus erythematosus in the US, finding that approximately 72.8 out of every 100,000 people nationwide have the condition, which affects mostly women and disproportionately affects certain ethnic groups.
A new study from Penn Medicine reveals that patients with inactive cancer and not currently undergoing treatments are significantly more likely to experience severe COVID-19 illness. The research highlights the importance of COVID-19 mitigation measures, such as social distancing and mask-wearing, and vaccinations for all patients.
Researchers found eDNA sampling to be more accurate than electrofishing in detecting coastal cutthroat trout populations, revealing fish up to 250 meters upstream. EDNA detection is a useful complement to electrofishing but not a replacement, offering less disruption and fewer permits required.
A new study by physician-researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston found that a modified pain management strategy reduced opioid exposure in trauma patients while maintaining equal levels of pain control. The MAST regimen, a multi-modal analgesic approach using over-the-counter medications, achieved this o...
A study by Northern Arizona University and TGen found that COVID-19 may awaken an antibody response created in humans prior to the pandemic, suggesting pre-existing immunity. The research also identified cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and previous coronavirus infections, which could help design new diagnostics and vaccines.
A global collaboration aims to produce climate-neutral, green ammonia through new reaction technologies. The project will analyze and develop three scalable technologies for decentralized production.
Researchers found that medicated drops can close small macular holes within two to eight weeks, allowing some patients to avoid surgery. The treatment was most effective for patients with holes less than 200 micrometers in diameter, and showed promise as an alternative to traditional vitrectomy surgery.
Fossil burrows from northeast Taiwan reveal that giant ambush-predator worms, possibly ancestors of the 'bobbit worm', colonized the seafloor around 20 million years ago. The L-shaped burrows, reconstructed by Ludvig Löwemark and colleagues, provide a rare glimpse into these creatures' behavior beneath the seafloor.
A new study found no link between countries' frequency of natural disasters and their propensity to take disaster risk reduction (DRR) measures. Despite this, national variation was observed, with some countries responding with extensive changes while others made no action.
Researchers at the University of Kansas created virtual SMART Recovery groups to provide remote support to individuals struggling with addictions. The program has seen significant growth, with over 20 people attending online meetings and a new telephone service called SMARTline providing additional support.
Researchers have developed a system called robomorphic computing that generates a customized computer chip to minimize a robot's response time. This technology uses a robot's physical layout and intended applications to create an optimized hardware architecture, resulting in faster reaction times and improved performance.
A phase 2 clinical trial using a personalized treatment approach found increased survival rates among patients with metastatic tumors in gastroesophageal cancers. The study used genetic profiling to tailor treatments, resulting in a 66% one-year survival rate and a median survival time of 15.7 months.
A study found that a cell-surface estrogen receptor called GPER1 plays a critical role in protecting the fetus from maternal inflammation caused by viral infections. The researchers discovered that GPER1 helps to suppress type I interferon signaling, which can lead to serious developmental abnormalities and fetal death.
A Dartmouth College-led study finds that middle-aged adults are at a significantly higher risk of dying from COVID-19 compared to younger and older populations. The research, which analyzed over 1,000 studies, shows that the odds of infection becoming fatal increase with age.
A global study found that over 13% of participants developed post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related symptoms in response to the pandemic. The research highlights the need for comprehensive documentation of COVID-19-related traumatic stress reactions to help healthcare professionals support those affected.
Analysis of 33,000 graves reveals a change in Western European burial practices from regionally specific grave goods to standardized, unfurnished burials between the 6th-8th centuries AD. This shift indicates a well-connected Europe with regular contact and exchange of ideas across vast areas.
Researchers found that positive messages about togetherness and unity were more appealing than fear-based or instructive messages. Participants wore masks frequently in public settings but not when physically distanced outside or alone, highlighting the importance of community safety as a motivation for mask-wearing.
Researchers discovered that questions used to screen for postpartum depression can also identify depressive symptoms and other mental health issues during early pregnancy. A study of 2,271 women found that 85% of those with high scores had mental disorders or risk factors.
A large health insurance database in Taiwan investigated the association between obstructive sleep apnea and male infertility. The study found that obstructive sleep apnea was a significant risk factor for male infertility, with treatment for sleep apnea not necessarily reducing the risk.
A study estimated the frequency of forgone medical care among US adults during March to mid-July 2020, including missed medication doses, preventive care, and elective surgeries. The research found that nearly half of respondents reported forgoing medical care due to health concerns or lack of access.
Computational research reveals that genetic transfer between bacteria may be more widespread than expected, with plasmids containing resistance genes found in various environments and species. This could lead to rapid development of resistance in human pathogens.
The FAROS project aims to develop surgical robots with non-visual sensing capabilities, including tactile and auditory sensors, to master complex tasks autonomously. This new concept enables surgeon-like autonomous behavior with physical and cognitive intelligence.
Researchers at Brown University have created a new type of graphene nanochannel water filter that can efficiently remove contaminants from liquids. The VAGME membrane technology, developed by Robert Hurt and Muchun Liu, features narrow channels that allow small molecules to pass through while blocking larger ones.
Developing economies can spur foreign investment with bilateral agreements that provide clear rules for protecting property and contract rights. The study found a significant increase in cross-border mergers after the treaty was signed, making it more likely for companies to invest in these countries.
A team of scientists has found evidence of alpha clusters in heavy nuclei, which challenges our understanding of neutron star structure and nuclear interactions. The discovery provides new insights into the process of alpha decay and has important implications for the study of neutron stars and their role in the universe.
Researchers at MIT have successfully grown structures made of wood-like plant cells in a lab, hinting at the possibility of more efficient biomaterials production. The team demonstrated the concept using zinnia leaves, growing rigid, wood-like structures by controlling the levels of two plant hormones.
Researchers have developed a comprehensive framework to classify small-cell lung cancer into four unique subtypes based on gene expression. The study identifies potential therapeutic targets for each type, including an inflamed group that tends to be more responsive to immunotherapy.
The study found that having indoor plants had a positive influence on emotional well-being during the first COVID-19 lockdown, with 74% of respondents agreeing. The majority of participants reported spending more time on plant care at home and expressed desire to have more plants once normality was restored.
Research by University of Bristol scientists shows neonicotinoid insecticides disrupt bees' and flies' ability to get a good night's sleep, affecting daily behavioral rhythms. The pesticides also impair memory and circadian behavior in these insects, leading to potential decline in pollinator populations.
The TU Dresden satellite SOMP2b is used to study new nanomaterials under extreme space conditions and test systems converting solar heat into electricity. It measures the residual atmosphere around the satellite in a polar, sun-synchronous orbit.
Researchers have discovered a 2-meter-long burrow attributed to ancient giant worms, providing insights into their behavior and habitat.
Cold-water coral reefs in the Western Mediterranean have been growing almost continuously for 400,000 years, with major climate swings controlling their development. The study reveals that intense monsoon events also had a detrimental impact on these reefs.
The Minnesota Partnership has awarded five teams with nearly $5 million in research grants to develop a long-lasting COVID-19 vaccine, new treatments for breast and other cancers, and gene-editing techniques to prevent birth defects. The projects will focus on improving treatment of diseases such as cancer and genetic disorders.
The KAUST team created conjugated microporous polymers with uniform pore sizes and high surface area through electropolymerization. These membranes showed faster solvent transport and narrow molecular sieving due to their unique structure.
Current H-1B visa usage by foreign Ph.D.'s as a first step to permanent residency has revealed inefficiencies and delays in alternatives. The authors suggest reforms tailored to foreign-born Ph.D.'s to streamline the doctorate-to-residency path.
Researchers found distinct nitrogen isotopic signatures in iron meteorites, suggesting the protoplanetary disk divided into two reservoirs within 300,000 years of its formation. This discovery challenges current understanding of volatile elements' origin and habitability of exoplanets.
A recent study published in JAMA Oncology found significant racial disparities in breast cancer prognosis testing among Black women, who have higher recurrence and mortality rates than non-Hispanic white women. The study suggests that genomic tumor tests may require re-calibration to reflect racial differences.
Researchers have identified short linear motifs in SARS-CoV-2 receptors that facilitate viral entry and replication. The findings suggest targeting these motifs may help develop new treatments for COVID-19.
A study of 323,200 participants from 99 countries found that friendships have health benefits regardless of location. In cultures with more individualism, those without resources benefit most from friendships for physical and psychological health.
Researchers develop bioengineered microscale organotypic models (BMOMs) to address cancer treatment limitations. BMOMs can be integrated with microscopes and sensors to monitor biological processes in high resolution, reducing the need for animal models.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have discovered a key role of monocytes in sarcoidosis, revealing they can be potent TNF producers and predict disease outcome. This breakthrough opens possibilities for identifying biomarkers and more effective treatment strategies, potentially reducing cases of chronic sarcoidosis.
Researchers have found a novel solution to stabilize the unstable black phase of a lead halide perovskite, which has potential for being cheaper and easier to manufacture than current silicon solar cells. The stable material remains resistant to deterioration and efficient at room temperature.
Researchers found that a personalized cancer vaccine, NeoVax, stimulates a durable immune response in patients with melanoma. The study demonstrated the staying power of the immune response, which remained effective nearly four years after vaccination and expanded to recognize other proteins on tumor cells.
This observational study found significant racial and ethnic disparities in unintentional opioid overdose deaths among emergency medical services (EMS) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study identified a higher risk of overdose deaths among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic populations compared to non-Hispanic White populations.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus blocks innate immune activation, preventing the production and signaling of type I interferon, a key component of host defense against viral infections. This suppression allows the virus to replicate unchecked, leading to COVID-19 disease progression.
A new study reveals how a bacterial pathogen manipulates host senescence to cause citrus greening disease. Researchers identified an effector that promotes bacterial colonization and disease development in citrus.
Researchers found stable rates of suicide deaths during the COVID-19 stay-at-home advisory in Massachusetts among those aged 10 and older. The study's findings parallel those of ecological disasters, suggesting a lack of significant impact on mental health during this period.
A MU study found that embedded counseling services increase accessibility to mental health services for students with demanding schedules. The services offer a convenient way to support students' mental health and well-being.
Researchers investigated bamlanivimab's effects on mild to moderate COVID-19 patients, finding that higher doses of bamlanivimab significantly reduced severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral loads. Combination therapy with etesevimab also yielded promising results, highlighting its potential as a treatment option.
Researchers at Swansea University found a six-fold increase in brain pressure disorder cases among women between 2003 and 2017. Obesity rates in Wales rose significantly during this period, and women from deprived areas had a higher risk of developing the condition, independent of body mass index.
A recent study published in Nature Reviews Endocrinology highlights the interconnection between obesity, impaired metabolic health, and COVID-19 severity. The research found that obesity, visceral fatness, and impaired metabolic health are significant risk factors for a more severe course of COVID-19.
A new study from researchers at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth has found that skin exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light can trigger inflammatory processes in the kidney, even in normal, healthy mice. This subclinical injury may lead to pathologic consequences in lupus patients and worsen their clinical symptoms.
Researchers found a decrease in suicide-related internet search rates during the COVID-19 pandemic's early stages. The study suggests that COVID-19 may have had an inverse association with population-level suicide trends between March and July 2020.
The York University-hosted conference will bring together scholars, educators, and policymakers to discuss global contexts and working in transdisciplinary teams towards a sustainable future. The conference aims to tackle concerns around sustainability, inclusivity, and innovation in international student mobility.
A team of researchers developed an AI analysis method to diagnose prostate cancer from urine within twenty minutes with almost 100% accuracy. The technique utilizes multiple cancer factors in urine to enhance diagnostic accuracy innovatively.
A recent study found no association between gut fungi and Parkinson's disease, contrary to previous studies on the bacterial microbiome. The researchers analyzed fecal samples from 95 PD patients and 57 controls, concluding that fungi were sparse in the gut microbiomes of PD patients.
A new study found that a mitochondrial gene variant increases the risk of Type 2 diabetes in Japanese men, particularly in sedentary individuals. Exercise was shown to mitigate this risk, highlighting the importance of physical activity in preventing the disease.
Researchers studied feral and managed honey bee colonies to understand how environmental and genetic factors impact pathogen tolerance. Feral colonies showed higher levels of certain pathogens but increased immune gene expression, which correlated with survival rates.
Researchers at NUI Galway have contributed to a significant international study identifying nine specific genes linked to breast cancer risk. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, used DNA samples from 2,000 Irish patients and controls to uncover key genetic associations.
A study found that Anastrozole-induced bone loss partially reverses, especially at the lumbar spine, when treatment is stopped. The results suggest improved bone health, encouraging physicians to weigh risks and benefits in high-risk women eligible for the drug.
A study by the University of Kent and Oxford found that fans of less successful Premier League teams have a stronger social bond with fellow fans, expressing greater willingness to sacrifice themselves for others. This loyalty is attributed to shared experiences of defeats and emotional difficulty, fusing fans to their club.
Approximately nine out of ten US infants suffer from a gut microbiome deficiency, including a lack of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis, which plays a critical role in infant health and development. This deficiency is linked to an increased presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, and a higher risk of a...
Researchers analyzed millions of decisions made by recruiters on a popular job platform, revealing significant bias against immigrants and women. The study found that biases were more pronounced towards the end of the workday and in male-dominated professions.
A new study by Uppsala University researchers found that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have serious lifelong repercussions on people's lives and health. Couples who experienced ACEs had lower educational attainment, poor couple relationships, and higher rates of anxiety and depression.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed a novel combination of two immunotherapies that induces robust tumour destruction against lung cancer. The new treatment uses one form of therapy to kill cancer cells and triggers changes that enable the second therapy to finish the job.
FishChoice guides consumers to maximise nutrient intake while minimising exposure to chemical pollutants, promoting sustainable seafood consumption. The new version provides advice in the form of a traffic light to help users choose safe and sustainable seafood options.
A study of 6,674 people in 114 countries found that social influence played a crucial role in following COVID-19 guidelines. People were more likely to distance themselves if their close friends and family also did so.
Researchers have developed a new integrated genetic/epigenetic DNA-sequencing protocol called MultiMMR that can identify mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency in a single test. This alternative to complex testing workflows determines causes of MMR deficiency often missed by current clinical tests.
Scientists from Chung-Ang University create a novel 3D nano-popcorn plasmonic substrate to improve SERS-based aptasensor detection. The system successfully detects different viral loads in 20 minutes and classifies influenza viruses accurately, with high reproducibility.
Astronomers at the Center for Astrophysics have detected a cloud-free exoplanet, WASP-62b, which is similar to Jupiter. The discovery was made using spectroscopy and revealed the presence of sodium in the planet's atmosphere. This finding provides valuable insights into the formation and composition of such rare planets.
Recent advances in crop modeling and remote sensing can enhance the quality of index insurance programs, increasing the value that index insurance offers to agricultural households and communities. This approach enables inexpensive, quick coverage to many people who would otherwise be uninsured.
A review of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports confirms cases of anaphylactic reactions after Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine administration. The study highlights the importance of monitoring vaccine recipients for potential allergic reactions.
A new study led by the University of Tsukuba and NEI has discovered a brain circuit that allows monkeys to learn context-dependent object values. The researchers found that fast-spiking neurons in the basal ganglia control motor movements, including eye movements, when learning associations between objects and backgrounds.
A study found that patients with more adverse social factors, such as low income and educational attainment, were significantly more likely to die of coronary heart disease. Using a simple count of these factors can help doctors estimate their patients' health risks and provide more aggressive treatment.
Researchers demonstrate that defensive selection pressures can influence venom composition in snakes, resulting in enhanced pain-causing ability of the venoms. This is an exemplary case of convergent evolution in the natural world.
Researchers at Flinders University suggest that a universal school-provided lunch model could ensure all children have access to healthy food, reduce stigma around food choices, and support learning. A study found that 40% of energy consumed by kids during school hours comes from unhealthy foods.
A new study funded by the British Heart Foundation measures how sedentary behaviour affects health, particularly heart and circulatory conditions. Researchers analyzed data from 72,000 participants to understand the relationship between physical inactivity, sitting time, and sleep quality on health outcomes.
The SignON project, funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 program, will develop a mobile solution for automatic translation between sign and oral languages. The platform aims to facilitate exchange between deaf and hard of hearing individuals and hearing people across Europe.
The study presents a modeling framework that accurately predicts water quality at beaches after only a day or two of frequent water sampling. This approach could be used to monitor unmonitored coastal areas, protecting the well-being of beachgoers and thriving ocean economies worldwide.
Researchers at Sloan Kettering Institute found a new link between Warburg metabolism and PI3 kinase activity, challenging the long-held view that metabolism is secondary to cell signaling. The study suggests targeting metabolism could be an effective way to curb cancer growth.
A study of nearly 16,000 patients across 82 countries found that low-and lower-middle-income countries had significantly higher mortality rates following surgery due to inadequate facilities and care plans. Investing in proper recovery spaces, trained staff, and critical care facilities can greatly improve surgical outcomes.
Scientists have developed Repeat DNA-Paint, a new technique that overcomes DNA-PAINT's drawbacks to improve super-resolution imaging. This allows for clearer molecular detail with light microscopy, enabling direct observation of biological functions in health and disease.
Researchers found that half of patients' cognition worsened after orthopedic surgery, with those having abnormal amyloid-β levels exhibiting memory problems consistent with AD. The study suggests pre-surgical evaluation should include cognitive tests and Alzheimer's biomarker analysis to assess potential brain effects.
The study reveals a significant disparity in lupus prevalence across racial and ethnic groups, with female rates significantly higher than male rates. The analysis estimates that approximately 204,295 individuals in the US have been diagnosed with lupus as of 2018.
Researchers at Flinders University have developed a new technique to replicate sensory neurons involved in pain sensation, providing ample resources for testing potential drugs. The technique allows for the easy generation of large numbers of cells, enabling the simultaneous testing of thousands of samples or potential drug libraries.
A new study published in Clinical Trials proposes staging cluster randomized trials to clarify uncertainties around school reopening policies. The trial design would create a rigorous evidence base for policymakers to make informed decisions, considering factors such as community transmission and health system capacity.
Using CRISPR, scientists have created 'scratchpad' cells that can be tracked in real-time as they proliferate and spread. This method reveals differences in tumor biology and identifies genes associated with metastasis.
A 72-year-old immunodeficient patient was cured of severe COVID-19 after receiving a single infusion of her son-in-law's convalescent plasma. The infusion resulted in an extremely high rise in her neutralizing antibody titers, which persisted for four days.
Researchers developed a new AO module comprising two deformable phase plates, enabling direct integration with existing microscopes. The system successfully corrected sample-induced aberrations in synthetic samples, demonstrating improved image quality and doubling the aberration correction range.
A new multi-institution study provides more accurate estimates of breast cancer risk for US women with inherited mutations in breast cancer predisposition genes. The findings may allow healthcare providers to better assess the risk of breast cancer and provide more appropriate risk management strategies.
The global demand for cancer surgery is projected to increase by 52% between 2018 and 2040, with the largest relative increase in low-income countries. Improving care systems worldwide is crucial to reduce mortality rates from complications.
Researchers from King's College London found that whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) detects more myeloma cases than traditional PET/CT tests. The study showed that WBMRI allowed for critical treatment to be initiated earlier in 24% of cases, resulting in improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at UNSW Sydney create a sustainable method for producing green ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize agriculture and the global transition to a hydrogen economy.
A NASA mission will test technologies for satellite swarms to operate autonomously in low-Earth orbit, setting the stage for thousands of small satellites working cooperatively. The V-R3x mission will deploy three CubeSats into polar orbit, exchanging radio signals and measuring distance between satellites.
A study of spitting cobras shows that a combination of venom components have evolved to create an instantly painful venom, used for defense rather than hunting. The research provides a remarkable example of convergent evolution and suggests early humans may have influenced the evolution of spitting in cobras.
Engineers design aircraft capable of handling extreme turbulence by simulating complete vortex collisions at reduced computational time. The CvP-LES model captures super complex physics without extensive data processing, enabling aircraft designs for fighter jets and helicopters.
A research team has developed new nanostructured electrodes to split water molecules under sunlight, paving the way for efficient green hydrogen production. The electrodes, made with titanium dioxide and cobalt oxide, can absorb up to 50% of visible light and produce hydrogen through photocatalysis.
A study by Virginia Tech researchers reveals that clicking beetles use a unique hinge-like tool in their thorax to generate extreme accelerations, reaching 300 times the Earth's gravitational acceleration. The snap-through unbending motion enables the beetle to launch itself into the air and move quickly between locations.
A new study from Cornell University and UC San Diego finds that international STEM doctoral students graduating from US universities face a complex and inefficient path to permanent residency, with most following a guest worker visa before obtaining a green card. The researchers argue that this process should be treated differently due...
Researchers at the University of Zurich discovered that the size of connections between nerve cells determines their signaling strength. By measuring synaptic currents and analyzing synapse structure, they found a direct correlation between synapse size and signal strength.
African-Americans are more likely to develop cancerous lesions on the right side and suffer from colorectal cancer at a younger age due to unique biological aging patterns. The research found that the right side of the colon in most African-Americans had suffered epigenetic changes contributing to their increased cancer risk.
A research team at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a switchable display device using nanostructures that can encrypt full-color images depending on the polarization of light. The device boasts high resolution (approximately 40,000 dpi) and wide viewing angle while being thin.
A new study suggests that prioritizing older adults for COVID-19 vaccination can save the most lives, with an estimated reduction of 23% in mortality rates over three months. The research also highlights the importance of a fast vaccine rollout and other public health measures to control the spread of the virus.
A new USC study found that at least half of recent deaths in ICE custody were preventable, with COVID-19, influenza, and suicide contributing to the high death rate. Researchers call for improved infection control measures, access to quality psychiatric care, and suicide prevention efforts.
A new study suggests that vaccinating people over 60 is the most effective way to mitigate mortality from COVID-19. The analysis shows that vaccinating older adults will most effectively reduce deaths, even if vaccination of younger adults is projected to avert the greatest incidence of disease.
Researchers found that spitting cobra venoms are more effective in causing pain than non-spitting counterparts. The unique trait is attributed to molecular adaptations that enhance the action of pre-existing venom cytotoxins.
A new study published in The Lancet found that metabolic surgery is more effective than medications and lifestyle interventions in controlling severe type 2 diabetes. Over 37.5% of surgically-treated patients achieved diabetes remission for the entire 10-year study period.
A case of accidental hand sanitizer contact with the eyes resulted in severe ocular injury in one child. The authors describe two cases of such accidents and highlight the importance of proper hand hygiene practices to prevent such incidents.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have made a significant breakthrough in electron transfer for grid-scale batteries, which could lead to more efficient and cost-effective energy storage. The study found that bridging plays a critical role in improving the reaction rate of flow batteries.
A new study suggests that moderate coffee intake can help mitigate some repercussions of reduced sleep over a few days. The study found that caffeinated coffee drinkers showed better vigilance, alertness, and reaction-time compared to decaffeinated coffee drinkers during the initial three-to-four days of restricted sleep.
Research found that physical activity does not undo the negative effects of excess body weight on heart health. Even among those who are active, being overweight or obese increases cardiovascular risk.
The study reveals a rapid warming of Southern Ocean waters to 800m depth, with temperatures increasing by 0.04°C per decade around the polar ice cap. Meanwhile, warm water is rising rapidly to the surface at a rate of 39m per decade, outpacing previous estimates.
Researchers have unraveled the mechanisms of how cells capture and degrade fluid droplets through autophagy. The study reveals that a tug-of-war between the droplet's surface tension and the isolation membrane's bending energy governs this process, with the outcome determining whether a piece or complete droplet is captured.
A study suggests that growing perennial grasses on abandoned cropland could counteract climate change by producing biofuels. The research found that 83 million hectares of areas previously used for food production are now available for biofuel cultivation, which could meet between 11-68% of current bioenergy needs.
Researchers found that the brain processes letters and words similarly to how it processes other visual stimuli, using statistical frequency of specific symbols. This common cognitive process, known as unsupervised learning, is also seen in animals such as baboons that can learn to recognize words.
The new journal, Biological Imaging, provides an interdisciplinary forum for quantitative and computational imaging in life sciences, covering topics like microscopy, image acquisition, and machine learning. The journal aims to drive cross-fertilization across research applications and inspire innovative work.
Phosphonate functional groups on La,Rh:STO surface supply protons to active site, enhancing hydrogen production activity. Bulk phosphate buffer solution reduces activity in this design.
A team of researchers discovered that the early Solar System formed in two distinct steps, resulting in different planetary compositions and evolutionary paths. The study explains why the inner planets are small and dry, while the outer planets are larger and wet.
A survey of US adults found that 41% delayed or missed medical care due to fear of COVID-19 transmission and financial setbacks. The study highlights the need for policy interventions to limit forgone care, particularly among vulnerable populations.
Researchers have created a stable and efficient membrane using an in-situ growth idea, addressing the challenges of large-scale production. The new membrane outperforms existing commercial membranes in terms of starting voltage, stability, and hydrolysis ability.
A study found that fatal opioid overdoses increased by over 50% among Black individuals in Philadelphia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, white residents experienced a 31% drop in fatal overdoses during the same period. The research suggests that racial inequities worsened the opioid crisis, with factors such as economic hardshi...
Researchers create detailed map of skin cells, revealing that cellular processes from development are re-activated in cells from patients with inflammatory skin disease. This study offers potential new drug targets for treating eczema and psoriasis.
Researchers will collaborate on new approaches to treating head and neck cancers associated with Fanconi anemia and human papillomavirus (HPV). The funding will support research into genetic defects that cause these cancers, which have higher rates in Black people, particularly men.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba have developed a technique to visualize ultrafast electron motion with sub-nanoscale spatial resolution, enabling the study of semiconductor device operation and potential defect control. This breakthrough may lead to more efficient electronic devices.
A new study from Alder Hey Children's Hospital found that children are not anxious or scared when wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) in the anaesthetic room. In fact, most children reported feeling happy and safe with PPE, while none experienced anxiety or fear.
Research found that some fish species exhibit larger gonads and increased reproductive output under elevated CO2 levels, leading to more offspring. Males and females adjust their behavior to optimize reproduction, with males foraging more and investing energy in egg care.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Psychology found that people are more likely to follow Covid-19 restrictions based on their close circle's behavior rather than their own principles. The researchers discovered that the best predictor of compliance was how much one's close friends and family were following the rules.
The study found that a multimodal pain regimen (MMPR) reduced opioid exposure and pain scores in trauma patients. The MMPR, which includes generic medications such as acetaminophen and tramadol, was shown to be an effective alternative to traditional opioid treatments.
A new study by the RAND Corporation found that food insecurity increased by nearly 80% in two predominantly African American neighborhoods during the first weeks of the coronavirus pandemic. This marked a reversal of decade-long trends, with disparities between these areas and the general US population reaching their highest levels.
A phase 1b/2 trial shows that combining eprenetapopt with azacitidine improves overall response rate to 71% in TP53 mutant MDS and AML patients. The median overall survival is 10.8 months, with improved outcomes for those who responded to treatment.
A literature review on cycad leaf nutrition highlights inconsistencies in data collection and analysis methods, emphasizing the need for more research to effectively manage and conserve these plant species. The study recommends considering factors such as seasonal variations, insect herbivory, and soil nutrient concentrations.
Scientists have discovered a previously unknown enzymatic function of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) protein EBNA1, which could lead to new approaches for treating EBV-associated cancers. The study sheds light on how this protein helps replicate and maintain the viral genome in infected cells.
A new study from MIT researchers reveals that installing charging stations on residential streets and adding high-speed charging stations along highways can greatly increase the adoption of electric cars. The findings suggest that making convenient charging options available to people, especially those with limited access to garages or...
A new study finds that even a modest sea level rise would place 100 airports below mean sea level by 2100, posing a significant risk to global passenger and freight movements. The researchers ranked airports at risk from sea level rise, with some in Asia and Europe topping the list.
Researchers found abnormally high brain activation in individuals without diagnosed Alzheimer's but with memory concerns, suggesting a potential biomarker. Hyperactivation in certain regions increases before cognitive impairments and neuronal loss associated with the disease.
Pharmacists helped identify and solve drug-related problems, improving measures such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels. The study found pharmacist-led medication therapy management services reduced medication costs for patients.
A recent Oregon State University study found that people who believe they can become healthy, engaged individuals in old age are more likely to experience that outcome. Optimism, self-efficacy, and reduced internalization of ageist stereotypes can also positively impact aging perceptions.
Researchers developed a platform to derive comprehensive molecular profiles of tumours, enabling personalized therapy recommendations and expanded treatment options. The Tumor Profiler study analyzed 240 patients' tumour samples using advanced testing methods, providing insights into cellular diversity and treatment response.
A recent study assessed the increase in pediatric cases of alcohol-based hand sanitizer eye exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The severity and management of ocular lesions were also evaluated.
A study by Dr Tom Hutley and colleagues found that the longer healthcare workers wear personal protective equipment (PPE), the more issues they experience, including tiredness, headaches, and dizziness. The survey also revealed a negative impact on team performance, with 92% of respondents feeling PPE affected communication.
A new desalination membrane was developed by laminating graphene oxide nanosheets on a porous polymer membrane, enabling highly efficient desalination with controlled ion-blocking functionality. The membrane can block around 95% of NaCl ions, making it suitable for producing freshwater from seawater.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles have developed a new CAR T therapy that targets solid tumors in children, including neuroblastoma. The modified therapy uses a unique protein called synNotch to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue.
A team of researchers at Flinders University has developed a sustainable way to produce protein 'superfoods' from marine algae. The process involves cultivating single-cell organisms from the ocean and converting them into healthy cell patties, chips, pastes, jams, and even caviar.
Researchers have found that dendritic cells in young animals are capable of triggering effective immune reactions, challenging the conventional view on their immaturity. These findings suggest new ways to boost the efficacy of vaccines for young children.
Researchers use novel techniques to observe salt crystal formation at the atomic level for the first time. The study confirms theoretical predictions about crystal formation and provides insight into polymorphism in crystal growth.
Researchers discovered SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human corneas of patients with COVID-19, shedding light on the virus's presence beyond respiratory sites. The study suggests potential implications for eye care and infection transmission.
New research from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute found that AI-driven interventions are effective in stopping the spread of misinformation when a news story first emerges. The guidance is most effective when it provides reasoning that aligns with a person's natural thought process.
Researchers used phreatic overgrowths on speleothems in Mallorca caves to determine past sea levels, providing a way to precisely measure sea levels. The study's results show that sea level dropped significantly after the Pliocene period and fluctuated during warm periods.
A small, highly controlled study at the National Institutes of Health compared the effects of a low-fat, plant-based diet to a low-carb, animal-based diet on calorie intake, hormone levels, body weight, and more. Participants lost weight on both diets, but only the low-fat diet led to a significant loss of body fat.
Researchers developed a novel camera-based system for automated drone landing using 2D symbol detection, allowing drones to safely land on uneven terrain. The system consists of a commercial flight controller, Raspberry Pi module, and image-processing algorithm that detects a distinctive landing symbol in real-time.
Chemists at the University of Jena have successfully created a bimetallic main-group complex using gallium, demonstrating cooperative bond activation that can remove fluorine atoms from hydrocarbon compounds. The breakthrough paves the way for further development of sustainable catalytic reactions.
Researchers identified genetic factors increasing pneumonia risk in patients of European and African ancestry, highlighting potential disparities in COVID-19 outcomes. The study may aid efforts to identify high-risk patients and develop targeted treatments.
Researchers at Stockholm University found that oak acorn microbes are inherited by seedlings, promoting growth and protecting against diseases. This discovery opens up new possibilities for breeding super plants with improved genes and microbial communities.
A new study highlights the impact of socioeconomic factors on eyewitness accounts of earthquake shaking reported through online systems like DYFI. The research found complex trends in California and India, with differences in self-reported reports based on neighborhood income levels and literacy rates.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a method to prevent gold nanoparticles from clumping, which could improve their effectiveness as anti-cancer therapy. Attaching ring-shaped synthetic compounds to gold nanoparticles retains their light-absorbing properties and maintains dispersion in solution.
During the pandemic, female academics are sharing their experiences and advice on managing work-life balance while juggling caregiving responsibilities. The authors suggest finding peer support groups, saying no to non-essential tasks, and prioritizing self-care. They also emphasize the importance of recognizing individual differences ...