Dr. Chu-Young Kim's research team is working on modifying existing antibiotic molecules using microorganisms that naturally synthesize them. This approach aims to overcome resistance and provide affordable treatment options for patients. The goal is to engineer bacteria to produce modified antibiotics via fermentation.
Research suggests that communicating openly about group differences in power can motivate advantaged racial groups to join historically disadvantaged racial minority groups to strive for racial equality and social justice. A UMass Amherst study tested this proposition, supporting the idea that greater communication about power differen...
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have discovered a novel antiviral property of thapsigargin, a plant-derived compound, which shows promise in treating COVID-19. The study found that thapsigargin triggers a highly effective broad-spectrum host-centred antiviral innate immune response against three major types of human respira...
Researchers found changes in gut microbiome composition correlate with higher levels of toxic bile acids in people with Parkinson's. The findings suggest bile acids may be a viable biomarker for diagnosing Parkinson's early and tracking its progression.
Electrons in Earth's radiation belt can be accelerated to ultra-relativistic energies when plasma density is extremely low, enabling them to surf on plasma waves and take energy from them. This two-stage acceleration process may also occur in other astrophysical objects.
A new study found that people are more likely to assign blame and responsibility to a vehicle's automated system and its manufacturer rather than the human driver when a crash occurs. Researchers call this bias 'blame attribution asymmetry,' which may affect other cooperative situations involving humans and machines.
The USPSTF advises against routine screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis, as it poses a relatively small risk of stroke. This recommendation is consistent with the task force's previous 2014 recommendation.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute shed light on the mysterious Gao protein, crucial for brain signaling and motor control. They found that mutations disrupt this process, causing severe developmental delays, seizures, and uncontrolled muscle movements in affected children.
Researchers report positive results from three Phase I studies on rectal microbicides, including a gel containing dapivirine that was well-tolerated but required higher doses to provide protection. The studies suggest that dosing changes and longer-acting formulations may be necessary for effective HIV prevention through anal sex.
A new ultrasound technique called MRI-guided focused ultrasound ablation (MRgFUS) effectively treats intermediate-risk prostate cancer with minimal side effects. Treatment was successfully completed in all 44 men, with no major adverse events and 93% disease-free at the treatment site.
A study in mice suggests that iron processing in the body may contribute to heart failure, and blocking this process could be a way of protecting the heart. Researchers found that inhibiting the release of stored iron can reduce cell death and stabilize oxygen levels.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in engineering models of tumors to expand cancer immunotherapy's effectiveness. By modifying the cells in a patient's immune system, scientists aim to target cold or non-inflamed tumors.
Dr. Mikhail V. Blagosklonny reviews drugs that extend lifespan and healthspan in mammals, including rapamycin and metformin. He concludes that using these drugs could be the only way to live longer, given current understanding of aging.
The Canadian Neuromuscular Disease Registry has facilitated over 125 research projects and secured funding for patients across Canada. With data from over 4,000 patients, the registry provides valuable insights into neuromuscular disease outcomes and care.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new approach to quantum device design, producing the first gain-based long-wavelength infrared photodetector using band structure engineering. The advanced photodetector offers enhanced sensitivity for next-generation LWIR photodetectors and focal plane array imagers.
A new software package called Tractor allows researchers to include people of diverse ancestry in large-scale gene discovery efforts. This increases the power of genomics in understudied populations by pinpointing genetic associations to disease at many more spots across the genome.
A digital-to-analog converter has been developed without leaving the optical domain, enabling high-speed data processing with low power consumption. This innovation has the potential to advance next-generation data centers, 6G networks, artificial intelligence and more.
A recent study published in Nature Communications has uncovered the biomedical basis of the Barker hypothesis, which suggests that infants with low birth weight are at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and kidney disorders. The research team discovered that fetuin-A, a serum protein, plays a crucial role in fetal protective mec...
Researchers investigated how well speech is understood from those speaking while wearing a cloth mask. They found that masked speech was not more difficult to understand and, in some cases, understanding was improved when speakers were instructed to speak clearly. The study highlights the adaptive nature of human speech.
Research reveals that galaxies with larger, 'puffy' disks continue to form stars over a longer period after cosmic noon. This is due to the cooler gas and lower influence of black holes, allowing for continued star formation. By studying galaxy disk size, astronomers can now accurately predict when star formation will cease.
A new study published in EPJ B reveals that inhibitory interneurons make up 20% of the brain's circuitry required for pain processing. The researchers used graph theory to model the brain's complex networks, uncovering a specific configuration of interneurons crucial for modulating information transmission.
Researchers have reevaluated sea level rise predictions, finding they may be too conservative. By comparing model simulations with historical data, the team found that the rate of sea level rise has been accelerating over the past 150 years.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine used autonomous AI to detect pediatric diabetic retinopathy in a study of 310 patients. The AI tool achieved high sensitivity, specificity, and diagnosability rates, leading to improved screening adherence and early diagnosis.
The new guidelines cover patient triage, imaging, observation versus admission, transfer, discharge and follow-up to help clinicians diagnose and treat children's head injuries. They aim to reduce unnecessary exposure to radiation from CT scans while ruling out bleeding disorders.
Researchers from UTEP and Howard University discovered valuable data comparing fundamental mechanisms of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 to better understand how these viruses attack the human body. They found that mutations make SARS-CoV-2 significantly more contagious and prone to cause serious infections.
Researchers at Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation have developed a breast cancer-on-a-chip system to test immunotherapy drugs. The chip enables high-volume testing of immunotherapeutic drugs against tumor cells, allowing for the rapid screening of potential treatments.
A recent study found that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a significant increase in suicide rates in Japan, with a notable rise among certain demographics. The researchers analyzed data from November 2020 and discovered a surge in suicides, particularly among young adults and those with higher occupational status.
Recent studies suggest organic UV filters in sunscreens may harm coral reefs, but evidence is limited and inconclusive. Researchers recommend further field and lab studies to assess environmental risk and develop a coral environment risk assessment framework.
A study by University of Nottingham researchers found that people donate Covid-19 plasma because they want to show gratitude for surviving the virus and feel morally obligated to help others. The main barrier to donating was a fear of needles, with generic fears also playing a significant role.
Researchers introduce metacoupling, an integrated approach that considers local and global scales to tackle environmental crises. The framework allows scientists to view the world as it truly is, with human actions influencing nature across space and time.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute devised a method to separate beneficial anti-inflammatory properties from unwanted side effects in glucocorticoid drugs. Two new compounds show steroidal anti-inflammatory action with specific traits, including boosting muscle supply and reducing risk of muscle-wasting.
New research links the shape and size of precipitation areas on radar to rainfall intensity. Studies in the Tibetan Plateau show that square-shaped precipitation areas have the highest rain rate, while linear ones have the lowest. This discovery has potential for forecasting precipitation and verifying numerical models.
Researchers discovered a potential treatment approach for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome by blocking the ICMT protein, which improves affected cells without hindering growth and division. The study found that treating HGPS cells with C75, an ICMT inhibitor, delays cell deterioration and stimulates growth.
Researchers discovered a unique molecular mechanism in CbA5H that shields the catalytic cofactor from oxygen attack, allowing it to repeatedly survive and resume activity. This protective function is provided by a thiol group binding directly to the substrate coordination site of the catalytic cluster.
A UBC study reveals the most effective fabric combinations for COVID-19 face masks, with a focus on filtration efficiency and breathability. The researchers recommend specific materials and construction techniques to optimize mask performance.
Researchers have developed a technology that uses near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) along with machine learning to visualize tumors in deep tissue and covered by a mucosal layer. The technique was tested on 12 patients with confirmed cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), achieving an accuracy of 86% in identifyi...
A recent study by the PREDICT network identified bacterial infections and alcohol consumption as common triggers for acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis. The study monitored 1273 patients from 15 European countries and found that these triggers were present in over 90% of cases.
University of Sussex researchers develop a method to turbocharge desktop PCs, allowing for large-scale brain simulations with significant sustainability benefits. This innovation makes it possible for more researchers worldwide to carry out research on brain models, including the investigation of neurological disorders.
A new study suggests that long-term aspirin use before a diagnosis of colorectal cancer may be associated with lower CRC-specific mortality. Preventing distant metastases leads to fewer deaths from colorectal cancer.
A Yale University study found that hospitals with fewer resources per COVID-19 patient were associated with more deaths in April 2020. The study showed a strong correlation between ICU bed availability and a one-fifth decrease in death incidence rate.
Researchers report a promising therapeutic approach combining PD-1 and VEGF inhibitors with chemotherapy to control cholangiocarcinoma progression. This treatment resulted in significant reduction of lung lesions and stabilization of liver lesions, suggesting potential for improved patient survival.
Researchers discovered a strong link between genetic changes and cerebral palsy, which often co-occurs with other neurodevelopmental disorders. The study identified disease-causing changes in 229 genes, decreasing the risk of recurrence for future children born to affected parents.
A study by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Brigham and Women's Hospital found that ECMO therapy reduced mortality by 45% among critically ill COVID-19 patients. The analysis of over 5,000 patients revealed that those treated with ECMO had better odds of survival than those who were not treated.
A new study explores the link between health literacy and self-care in patients with chronic illness, revealing a strong correlation between the two. The researchers found that improved health literacy is associated with better medication adherence and overall health outcomes.
A new computer modeling tool integrates real-time data to help clinicians determine if a child with diarrhoea needs antibiotics. The tool shows promising results, reducing inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions by over 50%.
Researchers discovered a unique microstructure on the bellies of sidewinding snakes, which improves performance when using lateral undulation for movement. The findings shed light on the functionality of these structures and their role in convergent evolution.
Researchers developed an enhanced CMV detection method that accurately detects the infection in newborns with almost 90% accuracy. This improvement enables earlier intervention, which can improve hearing, speech, language, and intellectual/neurodevelopmental outcomes for affected children.
Researchers developed an automated method to identify and track tau deposits in the brain, which may lead to earlier diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease. The technique revealed that tau deposits first emerge in the rhinal cortex region before spreading to other brain regions.
Researchers from Osaka University successfully generated functional conjunctival tissue in a dish, enabling the study of conjunctivae and the development of novel drugs for dry eye disease. The newly formed tissue contained goblet cells that produce mucins, mimicking human conjunctival biology.
A growing body of evidence suggests that losing helminth parasites could contribute to aging-associated inflammation. Intentional infection with helminths or helminth-derived proteins may have anti-inflammaging properties, potentially preventing age-related diseases such as heart disease and dementia.
A new study in mice suggests that exercise improves metabolism by releasing a hormone called MOTS-c, which helps regulate cellular processes and stress responses. The hormone is encoded in cells' mitochondrial genome and promotes healthy metabolism when kept in balance.
A new study reveals that retrogenes, which are inserted into the genome via reverse transcription of mRNA molecules, can have a profound impact on genetic diversity. These retrogenes can act as regulatory mutations, negatively influencing the original gene's mRNA and causing harm to organisms.
A global approach would provide far-reaching societal benefits in tackling the pandemic, according to Jongeun You's research. International cooperation is essential for sharing knowledge, supplying medical resources, and strengthening public health systems.
Researchers developed segmented polyurethane polymers with hard and soft functional segments containing a 'mechanophore' molecule that splits into radicals under mechanical stress. This triggers cross-linking between polymers, enhancing their strength and enabling intuitive damage detection.
A study found that lesbian, gay, and bisexual medical students experience higher rates of burnout compared to their heterosexual peers. LGB students reported frequent perceived mistreatment, leading to increased emotional strain and a higher likelihood of burnout.
A new road-making material is made by mixing shredded single-use face masks with processed building rubble, adding stiffness and strength. The study found that using this material can prevent up to 3 million masks from going to landfill.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that dexmedetomidine and propofol are equally effective and safe for light sedation in critically ill patients. The study, which enrolled 422 adults with sepsis, found similar patient outcomes between the two sedatives.
A team of scientists has found that Venus flytrap electrical signals generate magnetic fields, detected using atomic magnetometers. The magnetic signals are weak, but comparable to human nerve impulse signals.
A new study reveals that adults between 20 and 49 years old are driving the resurgence of COVID-19 in the United States. The research suggests that lifting school closure mandates did not lead to significant increases in COVID-19 attributable deaths, contrary to initial concerns.
Researchers tested the 'Field of Dreams' hypothesis, finding plant diversity has limited effects on animal biodiversity. Management strategies, such as controlled burns and bison reintroduction, had stronger impacts on animal communities.
Researchers at the ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis are developing crop plants with improved photosynthesis, aiming to increase Australian cereal crop production and address climate change. The center has identified promising germplasm lines and published over 300 scientific papers on the topic.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology has been successfully used to distinguish between legitimate and counterfeit travel documents. The study found that OCT can perform quantitative, non-destructive, high-resolution sub-surface analysis of multi-layered identification documents with a high imaging throughput and density.
A €9.75m Irish-led project, PANDEM-2, aims to create a more consistent and futureproof approach to pandemic management in the EU. The project will develop novel concepts, services, and IT systems to improve EU preparedness and response.
The SAMI survey has revealed the internal structures of galaxies, showing how they interact and grow over time. The study provides insights into the forces that shape galaxy evolution, including the role of supermassive black holes.
A two-dose regimen of the adenovirus-based vaccine offers high efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19, with no serious adverse events reported. The vaccine is well-tolerated across different age groups, including older adults.
Despite advances in biosensor antifouling approaches, further development is needed to increase our arsenal of robust antifouling protection methods. Researchers have developed various techniques such as physical barriers, chemical treatments and selective membranelike coatings to protect biosensors from fouling.
Researchers at the University of South Australia have developed a new 3D printed oesophageal stent that contains an active pharmaceutical ingredient, allowing for sustained anti-cancer medication delivery directly to the cancer site. This technology has the potential to revolutionize treatment for patients with oesophageal cancer.
A study by Indiana University researchers found that satisfied customers mean increased profits for public utilities, despite lack of competition. This is achieved through lower operating costs and increased trust from customers. The findings suggest that regulators should view investments in customer satisfaction as recoverable costs.
A recent study by HSE University researchers found that Russian enterprises rely heavily on imported advanced manufacturing technologies, with only a few organizations developing their own solutions. The demand for domestically developed AMT is increasing, particularly in regions with diversified economies.
Researchers from Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University developed a polymer carrier that can load different sizes and structures of genetic material, including siRNAs and mRNAs. The efficiency of delivery was demonstrated on human stem cells, offering new horizons for non-viral delivery systems.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a COVID-19 screening whistle that captures aerosols from exhaled breath for easy home testing. Additionally, advancements in welding technology have sped up the process and improved consistency, benefiting NASA's deep space missions.
A study of over 200,000 veterans found that delays in colonoscopy after an abnormal stool blood test increase the risk of colorectal cancer and death. Colonoscopy within one year of an abnormal stool test is recommended to prevent polyp progression and stage migration of colorectal cancer.
Researchers used genetic engineering to make Arabidopsis thaliana cells form xylem and secondary cell walls, allowing them to observe the formation process. The study revealed that microtubules play a key role in forming patterns, and a protein complex called KATANIN is involved in the timely and orderly formation of secondary walls.
Researchers found that extensive sea ice prevented oxygen from reaching the deep ocean during the last ice age, contradicting previous assumptions. The study suggests that disequilibrium between surface and atmospheric oxygen levels played a crucial role in the ocean's carbon cycle.
Researchers from Hokkaido University have found that ultraviolet light reacts with nitrophenol to produce atmospheric nitrous acid, a key component of photochemical smog. This decomposition process occurs in real-time and involves the distortion of the nitrophenol molecule's shape under extreme UV light.
Researchers at Lund University discovered distinct strategies among fungi species, including the 'soldier' that grows forcefully, the 'marathon runner' that sends out lone fighters, and the 'snake' that weaves around obstacles. The study provides new insights into fungal behavior and its potential applications in agriculture.
A new imaging test can reliably distinguish breast cancer patients who are unlikely to benefit from hormone therapy. The test measures estrogen receptor functionality, and a PET scan detects increased progesterone receptors in response to estrogen stimulation.
Convection may be to blame for stuck-on food in nonstick pans due to temperature gradients and surface tension changes. Researchers determined conditions that lead to dry spots, including decreasing film thickness and size of deformed region below critical values.
Researchers found that a significant proportion of international entrants to China test positive for asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections. This study highlights the challenges in controlling the spread of COVID-19 through travel restrictions and testing.
A study of over 23,000 heart transplant recipients found that young Black adults are more likely to die in the first year after a transplant. Researchers attribute this disparity to factors such as limited access to healthcare and specialized care.
A recent study found that non-white patients are disproportionately excluded from receiving the latest precision medicines for cystic fibrosis due to genetic test limitations. The drug trials were primarily conducted on non-Hispanic white patients, leading to a lack of representation in the patient registry.
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a benchmark system to assess the environmental impact of plastics production in the US. The study provides data on energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions for 18 types of plastics, allowing researchers to compare their designs with current manufacturing practices.
A study published by the University of Edinburgh found that exposure to air pollution in childhood is associated with a decline in thinking skills up to 60 years later. The research used historical data to estimate exposure levels and analyzed the relationship between air pollution and cognitive change throughout life.
A recent study by Toni Rodon and Marc Guinjoan found that police violence at polling stations reduced local turnout, but spurred higher participation in surrounding municipalities. The researchers also discovered a 'universal census' law allowed voters to cast ballots anywhere, contributing to the increase in nearby votes.
Research conducted by the UOC analyzed 3,190 employees and 650 work teams to understand what makes a team efficient. The study found that inspiring leadership, realistic goals, and a collaborative work environment are key elements in driving team performance.
A UNSW study in rats shows that social interaction can reverse food and cigarette cravings triggered by social isolation. The study found that socially isolated rats relapsed to nicotine seeking but showed no interest once returned to group housing, highlighting the importance of social interaction in treating substance abuse disorders.
Researchers created a new solar cell design using 3D nanocomposites, increasing efficiency by a factor of five. The unique architecture helps overcome material limitations, enabling easier manufacturing and improved durability.
A research team from the University of Kansas is developing autonomous driving technology for people with cognitive impairments, aiming to increase mobility and independence. The team will refine highly automated driving systems designed for individuals with mild cognitive impairment and dementia.
Researchers found that a new remyelinating drug called indazole chloride improved vision in mice with multiple sclerosis by inducing remyelination and mitigating damage to the optic nerve. The study highlights the importance of early treatment to mitigate axon damage and recover 75-80% of original function.
A study found that surgery to repair an inflamed gut may trigger a second immune system attack, which could lead to pouchitis. Researchers analyzed tissue samples and gene activity in patients who developed pouchitis after J-pouch surgery.
NeuroVision Imaging, Inc. has received an investment from the Alzheimer's Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF) to develop reliable and affordable biomarker tests for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. The goal is to improve clinical trials and monitor response to treatments.
A recent study found that viral-caused cancer in California sea lions is significantly increased by exposure to toxins in the environment. The disease has claimed 18-23% of adult sea lion deaths, highlighting the need for improved efforts to prevent ecosystem contamination with pollutants.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School and Peking University introduce a novel technique for tracking individual cells using omnidirectional visible laser particles. The innovative method reduces orientation-dependent intensity fluctuations, allowing for blinking-free tracking of single cells under complex biological conditions.
A new study found that Airbnb has a positive association with property price increases and rental rates, particularly in areas with fewer owner-occupiers. The research suggests that the presence of an Airbnb property can contribute to an increase in housing prices and rental rates in local neighborhoods.
Researchers at Yale University have developed an injection treatment for skin cancer that uses polymer-based nanoparticles carrying chemotherapy agents. The treatment's bioadhesive properties allow it to kill cancer cells and stimulate the immune system, potentially eliminating the need for surgery.
Researchers created a textile-based sensor system to map problematic pressure points in prosthetic limbs, improving comfort and fit. The soft, flexible sensor patch can detect pressure changes in real-time, providing valuable insights for amputees.
A new study found that delaying colonoscopies after abnormal at-home screenings by over 12 months increases the risk of colorectal cancer diagnosis and death. The odds of being diagnosed with late-stage colon cancer increased by approximately 33% at 16 months.
Bitter receptors have functions beyond taste perception, including roles in defense against pathogenic bacteria and metabolic regulation. Human bitter receptors can detect substances detected by coelacanth receptors, suggesting extraoral functions.
A study of over 1.1 million adolescents from 140 countries found that cigarette smoking decreased in 80 countries but remained unchanged or increased in 60 countries between 1999 and 2018. Other tobacco products like chewing tobacco and e-cigarettes also showed increased use in many countries.
Research at the University of Cambridge found that teaching children to empathise with others significantly improves their creative abilities. The study used a set of engineering design thinking tools to foster empathy in pupils aged 13-14. As a result, creativity scores increased by up to 78% among those who received the intervention.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a new tool to study wind power and its potential as a source of distributed energy. The custom-built wind turbine emulator mimics actual wind turbines, allowing for real-time simulations of various weather conditions and load demands.
A new clinical trial shows that a more sensitive test can detect heart function issues early, reducing the risk of heart failure in cancer patients. The test, which measures Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS), detected heart damage earlier and reduced cardiotoxicity in patients.
Isamu Akasaki, Shuji Nakamura, Nick Holonyak Jr, M. George Craford, and Russell Dupuis receive the prestigious award for their groundbreaking work in LED lighting technology. The prize acknowledges the significant reduction of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions through sustainable solid-state lighting.
A team of scientists has devised a mid-infrared free standing solid core optical waveguide that pushes the light interaction with air beyond previous reports. The guided mode resembles a free-space beam, with minimal overlap with material imperfections, reducing spurious fringes and loss.
A RAND Corporation study found that most telehealth appointments at clinics serving lower-income Americans were audio-only, with primary care visits at 48.5% telephone-only and behavioral health visits at 63.3% telephone-only. This may pose challenges for the future if payers consider dropping reimbursement for such services.
A new study in mice restores normal protein synthesis to repair memory function, suggesting a potential means to address the loss of cognitive function due to Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that administering synthetic pharmaceuticals, such as ISRIB, can revive lost cognitive functions and restore synaptic plasticity.
A new study by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that a single postcard campaign increased mail-in ballot applications by 0.5 percentage points and boosted mail ballots cast by 0.4 percentage points. The inexpensive postcards, costing less than $1 each, were equally impactful for Black and white registrants.
A novel molecular voltage sensor allows researchers to observe the propagation of electrical signals in living nerve cells with high precision. This enables investigations into completely new questions about brain function and could lead to a better understanding of neurological diseases.
Research led by NCAR found that COVID-19 lockdowns caused a slight warming effect on the planet, with temperatures rising by 0.2-0.5 degrees Fahrenheit in some regions. The study highlights the complex influence of aerosol emissions on climate, which can either cool or warm the planet depending on the type and amount.
Hyperactive RANK proteins have been found to trigger autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Researchers also discovered that these proteins contribute to chronic lymphatic leukemia in mice, paving the way for new therapeutic antibody treatments.
A new study by George Mason University finds that 14% of college women experience period poverty, leading to increased vulnerability to depression. The research emphasizes the importance of addressing period poverty as part of efforts to promote well-being among college students.
A study found that 48 major US cities underreport their greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 145% compared to standardized estimates, affecting climate change policies. The discrepancies were likely due to limited local information on particular fuels or sectors.
A nationwide study found that nearly 11% of ICU patients in Sweden received opioid prescriptions for at least 6 months and up to 2 years after discharge. Chronic opioid use was linked to a 70% higher risk of death, with pre-admission history and certain medical conditions being major risk factors.
A Curtin University study has found that residential gardens are a poor substitute for native bushland in supporting pollination networks of native bees. The research highlights the importance of preserving native vegetation to protect sustainable bee communities and their pollination services.
Research on the Loess Plateau's complex terrain explores how atmospheric stability influences turbulence measurement ergodicity. Steadiness of various-scale turbulence distribution is key to satisfying ergodicity, with relatively easy satisfaction at weakly stable stratifications.
Researchers at State University of New York College of Optometry discovered that visual contrast increases when reading outdoors, making it easier to see letters and improving eyesight. This finding has significant implications for basic research, eye clinics, and architectural design.
Researchers have invented a hands-off probe using high harmonic generation to study topological insulators. The technique shifts laser light through materials, producing strong signals that reveal electron behavior on superhighway edges versus the bulk.
Researchers from Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology have successfully created 2D Si-Ge alloys with adjustable electronic properties. By adjusting the composition of these materials, they can fine-tune their band structure to suit various applications, opening doors for new electronics innovations.
Researchers analyzed human, animal skeletons and plant remains to study the evolution of the Swiss diet during the Bronze Age. They found no differences in diet between men, women, or children, but a shift towards more intense agriculture and the introduction of new cereals like millet.
A mouse study suggests that the genetic contribution to anxiety is partially mediated by the gut microbiome. Researchers used 3D X-ray imaging to gain new insights into the reproductive biology of tsetse flies, which carry a deadly parasite that causes African sleeping sickness.
Researchers found that healthcare professionals have knowledge gaps when caring for LGBTQ2SPIA+ cancer patients, affecting their ability to provide emotional support and tailored care. The study concludes that patient-centered care requires specific resources and education for radiation therapists.
A study reveals that xylazine, a non-opioid sedative, is implicated in nearly a third of fatal overdoses involving heroin and/or fentanyl in Philadelphia. The substance has been increasingly appearing in the illicit drug supply across the US.
The NTU Singapore team has developed a portable device that can create high-resolution 3D images of human skin within 10 minutes. This technology uses electrochemistry and can be used to assess the severity of skin conditions, such as eczema and psoriasis.
Researchers developed a 10-minute COVID-19 diagnostic test using nanoparticles that can detect IgG antibodies and is priced at about 1/5 of similar devices on the market. The test costs around $5.50, or 30 Brazilian Reais, once approved by ANVISA.
Researchers are developing fast, energy-efficient optical hardware alternatives to meet AI's data processing challenges. The PHOENICS project aims to create photonic neuromorphic processors that inspire from the human brain, providing unparalleled computing power and energy efficiency.
A recent study published in Justice Quarterly found that Fortune 500 firms with strong growth profiles are more susceptible to financial securities fraud. These companies were nearly four times as likely to be involved in fraud than smaller, struggling companies.
A novel photocatalyst developed by City University of Hong Kong turns carbon dioxide into methane fuel selectively and effectively using sunlight. The catalyst, made from copper-based materials, produces almost double the quantity of methane compared to previous methods.
New data analysis from Imperial College London reveals that adults aged 20-49 are the main driver of COVID-19 transmission in the US. Despite school reopening, these age groups continue to sustain and spread the virus, highlighting the need for targeted interventions among this demographic.
A study by Talib Dbouk and Dimitris Drikakis from the University of Nicosia found that temperature, humidity, and wind speed significantly impact epidemic behavior. The researchers developed a new model, AIR index, which accurately predicted the timing of second outbreaks in Paris, New York City, and Rio de Janeiro.
Researchers used machine learning models to identify metabolites in walnuts associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The study found a 17% lower risk of type 2 diabetes and 29% lower risk of cardiovascular disease, contributing to our understanding of the health benefits of walnuts.
China businesses are using digitalization to adapt to the pandemic, expanding stakeholder engagement and prioritizing social responsibility. SMEs can benefit from these strategies to improve performance and survive the crisis.
Research at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute identified immune dysregulation as a key factor hindering CAR T-cell expansion and effectiveness in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients. The study suggests that addressing underlying immune characteristics may improve treatment outcomes.
A study from 2010 to 2017 found that increased economic prosperity was associated with lower rates of cardiovascular mortality among middle-age U.S. adults. The researchers analyzed county-level data, revealing a significant positive correlation between economic growth and cardiovascular health outcomes.
A study found that nearly a third of US teens and young adults prescribed psychoactive drugs misuse them, with stimulants and tranquillisers being most frequently misused. The likelihood of misuse increases with age, highlighting the need for comprehensive health promotion approaches among youth.
A bioecocultural approach aims to address the needs of adolescent mothers and their young children in conflict-affected contexts, considering neuroendocrine development during adolescence. The framework proposes culturally anchored peer engagement, continued education, and child care support to break intergenerational cycles of poverty.
A recent study predicts that climate change in South Africa will lead to a 20% decrease in per capita GDP by the end of the century. The researchers analyzed data on temperature changes and labor availability, finding that low-skilled workers are disproportionately affected, leading to a closing wage gap but reduced overall output.
Researchers found that genetic mutations, such as IKZF1 deletion and CRLF2 translocations, occur more frequently in Hispanic and Latino children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), leading to poorer outcomes. A novel therapeutic drug combination may help address this disparity.
Engineers at MIT designed a bioadhesive patch inspired by origami that can seal internal wounds and tissues. The patch, made from three layers, resists contamination and biodegrades over time.
A new study suggests that starting adulthood with a normal weight and gradually gaining pounds later in life can increase the probability of survival. In contrast, those who start as obese or stay at an unhealthy weight throughout their lives tend to have the lowest survival rates.
Researchers have discovered that pollinator host-switching and hybridization are common features of fig-wasp coevolution, contradicting the traditional view. The study analyzed genomes from 15 fig species and found widespread hybridization events with associated host-switches among pollinators.
A new study published in Risk Analysis found that fear-based Virtual Reality films depicting violent collisions lead to increased risk-taking among young drivers. In contrast, positively framed VR films result in the greatest reduction in risky driving behavior. This suggests that a positive approach may be more effective in promoting ...