A new NYUAD study found that opposite-gender mentorships increase the impact of female scientists' research, while same-gender mentorships can reduce it. The study examined thousands of mentor-protégé relationships and found a significant association between increasing female mentors and reducing their protégés' post-mentorship impact.
A feasibility study led by Sage Bionetworks is developing a global mental health program that empowers youth to guide data collection, sharing, and usage. The project leverages mobile phones and connected technologies to collect data on youth's lived experience with mental health self-management.
A magnetic spray can be used to turn objects into millirobots that can crawl, walk, or roll on different surfaces. The coated objects are biocompatible and can be disintegrated into powders when needed, demonstrating potential for biomedical applications like catheter navigation and drug delivery.
Researchers developed a groundbreaking model that defines new geographical scales from mobile tracking data, bringing geography back to understanding of mobility. The model identifies typical distances and choices corresponding to geographical boundaries, varying by individual characteristics.
Researchers have discovered that an experimental Alzheimer's disease treatment, PBT2, is effective at disrupting and killing antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The study shows that combining PBT2 with the antibiotic polymyxin successfully tackles superbugs like Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
A new University of Colorado Boulder research suggests that parental restrictions on technology use have little impact on technology use in young adulthood. Despite concerns about widespread 'tech addiction,' the study found no strong relationship between early technology use and later technology use.
Researchers discovered a potential strategy to prevent life-threatening inflammation, lung damage, and organ failure in patients with COVID-19. They identified specific cytokines that trigger inflammatory cell death pathways, leading to tissue damage and multi-organ failure. Treatment using existing drugs targeting these cytokines show...
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a machine learning model that can predict reaction outcomes and test new reactions in a blind prospective manner. The model uses statistical robust machine learning models trained on a small number of reactions to provide interpretable chemical reactivity flowcharts.
A team of researchers has created the first full-size 3D bioprinted human heart model using their FRESH technique, mimicking the elasticity of cardiac tissue. The model can be manipulated like real tissue, enabling surgeons to practice and improve their skills before actual surgery.
The American Educational Research Association (AERA) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) will hold an interactive policy forum on 'Measuring Teaching at a Global Scale--Policy Perspectives on the Findings from the Global Teaching InSights Video Study'. The event will explore findings on classroom manag...
Researchers found evidence of five drought events impacting Ancestral Puebloan society from centuries-old charcoal and ash deposits in a lava tube. The discovery sheds light on human-environment interactions during climate change, highlighting the ingenuity of Ancestral Puebloans in accessing water resources.
A study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that high-protein total diet replacements led to higher energy expenditure, increased fat oxidation, and negative fat balance compared to a typical North American diet. This suggests that these diets may be a promising nutritional strategy for weight management.
Researchers found a positive association between the percent of Black residents and COVID-19 cases and deaths, as well as explicit and implicit racial attitudes. The study suggests that implicit racial attitudes in communities can help explain racial disparities in COVID-19 rates.
Researchers found that oysters and champagne complement each other through umami synergy, which is enhanced by glutamate and nucleotides. This discovery could help increase vegetable consumption by making vegetables taste more appealing with their own umami flavor.
Researchers created tiny building blocks called voxels that exhibit special properties and can be assembled into large, complex objects. Examples include cars, robots, and wind turbine blades that respond to environmental stimuli in predictable ways.
A new study found that people who spent more time on their phones were more likely to reject larger, delayed rewards in favor of smaller, immediate rewards. This suggests a link between smartphone use and impulsive decision-making.
Physicists from the University of Göttingen used computer simulations to investigate aging in living glassy systems, finding that persistent particle activity drives aging. This discovery has potential consequences for biological processes such as wound-healing and cancer metastasis.
Research led by KAUST scientists Evgeniya Predybaylo and Georgiy Stenchikov found that volcanic eruptions have a stronger effect on the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in summer. The study, which analyzed over 6,000 climate simulations, shows that seasonal timing of eruptions matters for predicting climate responses.
A study of women aged 80 found a significant association between air pollution exposure and increased depressive symptoms. Long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide or fine particulate air pollution was linked to small but notable effects on depressive symptoms.
Researchers found that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and surface protein markers PD-1 and PD-L1 can help guide immunotherapy treatment for cutaneous angiosarcomas. The study suggests that combining immunotherapies with conventional chemotherapy may be effective in treating this rare skin cancer.
Researchers propose using drones to detect and prevent attacks on 5G networks, mitigating eavesdropping, interference and identity theft. The study explores the potential of UAVs to improve network security through jamming, spoofing detection and mitigation.
A McGill University-led team found that extreme population declines among a small number of vertebrate species drive the apparent global decline. Removing these outliers reveals a more hopeful picture of global biodiversity. The study provides reason for hope in conservation efforts.
A new microscopy technique, SPOT, allows for the simultaneous observation of multiple organelles and their complex lipid dynamics. This breakthrough enables researchers to study organelle interactions, diagnose diseases, and monitor progression with unprecedented precision.
Researchers found higher abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes downstream of wastewater treatment plants, linked to human contamination. The study provides insights into the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in waterways after natural disasters.
Researchers developed a new electronic chip that brings together imaging, processing, machine learning, and memory in one device powered by light. The prototype achieves brain-like functionality and can be used to enable smarter and smaller autonomous technologies like drones and robotics.
A new soybean line has been developed with reduced allergic sensitivity, which can be tested on pigs to ensure safety for consumers and animals. Eliot Herman's research focuses on eliminating the allergenic protein in soybeans, aiming to improve lives and reduce medical expenditure.
Researchers have developed a single-cell technique to assess the effects of age on egg cells in mice, identifying genomic and epigenetic factors that affect reproductive competence. The study provides new insights into mechanisms underlying egg quality and could lead to techniques to assess human egg cell quality.
Researchers at UT have successfully created a novel superconductor using tin on a silicon semiconductor platform, marking the first intentional creation of an atomically thin superconductor. This breakthrough may lead to unforeseen advancements in technology and opens up new possibilities for electronic devices.
A new mattress flammability standard has been shown to prevent 65 deaths annually from bed fires. The standard, established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), requires mattresses to maintain a heat release rate under 200 kW after being ignited.
A genetic mutation in the Gga3 gene may be more common among African Americans with late-onset Alzheimer's disease, leading to a 'traffic jam' of enzymes in axons. This discovery provides a possible strategy for early diagnosis and targeted treatments, as well as potential biomarkers for detection.
A machine learning framework developed by University of Alberta researcher Kai On Wong fills a gap in Canadian public health data by predicting ethnicity from names and locations. The tool has shown improved accuracy for Aboriginal classification when geographic information is included.
Researchers at UTIA will evaluate regional biomass supply chains for domestic fuel production and rural economic development. The project aims to increase economic efficiency, enhance sustainability awareness, and reduce renewable fuel costs.
A recent study by City, University of London researchers reveals how micro-structured finlets on owl feathers enable silent flight and may hold the key to reducing aircraft noise. The team's findings show that these structures work as arrays of finlets, turning the flow direction near the aerodynamic wall and keeping it stable.
Individuals with rheumatoid arthritis are more likely to develop atherosclerosis when exposed to certain bacteria causing periodontal disease. Studies suggest that immune responses to these bacteria may play a role in the increased cardiovascular disease risk associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
Research fatigue in marginalized communities is a systemic issue that requires systematic responses, as noted by Florence Ashley. The article emphasizes the need for researchers to ensure studies are responsive to the community's needs and tailored to minimize fatigue.
Scientists at the University of Groningen elucidated the structure of OpuA, a transport protein that imports glycine betaine to counteract dehydration. The protein's unique structure and mechanism allow it to regulate cell pressure and prevent cells from exploding under osmotic stress.
Researchers found that CRYM protein binds to hormone T3 and blocks cell membrane formation, inhibiting tumour growth. Lower CRYM levels are associated with poor prognosis.
Researchers applied proteogenomics to identify precise diagnostics for known treatment targets, new tumor susceptibilities, and mechanisms involved in breast cancer treatment resistance. The study provides insights into the metabolic vulnerabilities of ER+ and ER- breast cancers and suggests potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers at Boston University used optogenetics to study the effects of alcohol on brain function and behavior. They found that artificially dampening fear responses in mice could mitigate addiction-related behaviors. This suggests that memory manipulation may be a promising approach to treating alcohol addiction.
Researchers at UTHSC identified three drugs with antiviral properties that may improve efficacy when combined with remdesivir. The study proposes zuclopenthixol, nebivolol, and amodiaquine as potential candidates for clinical trials to combat COVID-19.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute have sequenced the male-determining chromosome of cattle, revealing evidence of a 'selfish' competition between sex chromosomes. The study found that bulls' Y chromosomes have evolved dozens of copies of genes to make more males, a move countered by females' X chromosomes.
The team observed the nebula with two different spectrographs on large telescopes, finding that the central star is inflated and signatures of accretion are present. The data suggest a merging binary star system, offering a clear view of the central stellar remnant.
Researchers used CT scanning and 3D printing to study a 370-million-year-old chondrichthyan from Morocco. They discovered that the ancient shark's lower jaw was not fused in the middle, allowing it to rotate outwards when opening its mouth, bringing larger teeth into an upright position.
A 2019 study found a contagion effect among boys, but an Annenberg Public Policy Center reanalysis concluded that the series had no clear effect on teen suicide. Recent commentaries challenge the reanalysis and defend it.
A new study from 23 Utah-based researchers estimates that air pollution shortens the average Utahn's life by 2 years and costs the economy around $1.9 billion annually. The study also found that many state-level actions could reduce air pollution by double-digit percentages while benefiting the economy.
A study found that surgeons' expectations were more accurate than patients' expectations in predicting patient-reported outcomes two years after lumbar spine surgery. Surgeons predicted a higher degree of improvement, while patients had higher expectations for complete recovery.
The Endocrine Society's virtual annual meeting, ENDO 2021, offers journalists the opportunity to discuss groundbreaking research with world-renowned experts in diverse fields. The event features over 70 live sessions, 20 oral sessions, and six plenaries, covering topics such as diabetes, obesity, reproductive health, and more.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a highly effective method for converting ammonia into hydrogen using renewable electricity. The new technique generates pure hydrogen that can be directly pressurized for storage, making it an ideal solution for the transportation sector.
Researchers have discovered that coinfection with cytomegalovirus and Aspergillus fumigatus triggers synergistic interactions between the two pathogens and human cells, leading to increased risk of complications.
A UTSA researcher studied drug overdose mortality among US Hispanics from 2000-2017, finding lower rates overall but higher rates for people of Puerto Rican heritage born in Puerto Rico. The study emphasizes the need for culturally-tailored services in Spanish to address these groups' needs.
A new study published in PLOS ONE describes the use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to objectively detect tinnitus. The technology revealed differences in brain connectivity between people with and without tinnitus, and accurately differentiated patients with mild from moderate/severe cases using machine learning.
A study using spectroscopic imaging found COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms exhibit similar metabolic disturbances in the brain as those with hypoxia from other causes. However, there are also distinct differences, including elevated metabolites such as lactate and myo-inositol.
A study of 3,000 adults in Tokyo found that frequent greenspace use and green views from home increased self-esteem, life satisfaction, and happiness while reducing depression and loneliness. Nearby nature serves as a buffer against the adverse impacts of stressful events on humans.
Research from the University of Eastern Finland explores the role of diabetes in cellular and molecular changes underlying Alzheimer's disease. Diabetes was found to weaken the accumulation of microglial cells around amyloid plaques and increase the formation of neuritic plaques with prominent tau pathology.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a new coating material for semiconductors that can produce fuels more sustainably using sunlight and electricity. The study shows that the coating reduces the voltage needed in the process, making it more energy-efficient.
Researchers have discovered that Netrin-G1 helps pancreatic cancer cells survive by protecting them from the immune system and supplying them with nutrients. The study found that an antibody targeting Netrin-G1 was able to stunt tumor development in mice, demonstrating its potential as a new treatment.
Researchers at UIC are studying the burden of tobacco use and developing a smoking cessation program for high-risk populations. The project, Mi Quit CARE, uses patient portals like MyChart to deliver interventions and aims to increase quit rates among low-income communities.
Researchers have created a magnetic switch that requires less energy to alter its orientation, a potential breakthrough in storing data in personal electronics. The new technology uses voltage instead of current to reorient magnetic materials, resulting in significant energy savings.
A team of researchers at MIT and IIT developed a solar-powered system to generate pressurized steam for autoclaving medical tools. The system uses optically transparent aerogel to trap heat and can maintain safe sterilization conditions without electricity or fuel.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that pod e-cigarettes are significantly safer than combustible cigarettes, with reduced levels of carcinogens and respiratory symptoms. The study suggests that e-cigarettes may be a viable harm-reduction option for smokers who struggle to quit or reduce their smoking habit.
Researchers at UIC are conducting three national NIH studies to investigate the safety and effectiveness of various types of blood thinners for treating adults diagnosed with COVID-19. The trials aim to prevent life-threatening cardiovascular or pulmonary complications, including stroke, pulmonary embolism, and heart attacks.
A NYUAD researcher has developed a research and development agenda to eliminate cybersickness, allowing for wider use of virtual and augmented reality. The new agenda prioritizes creating powerful head-worn displays, reducing visual latencies, and improving countermeasures.
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have created AI software that gives robots speed and skill to grasp objects, making it feasible for them to assist humans in warehouses. The technology reduces computation time from 29 seconds to under one-tenth of a second.
The PCR Valves e-Course will unite global experts in valvular heart disease for a 3-day digital initiative. Key findings include virtual LIVE demonstrations and classroom environment workshops offering simulation-based learning on cardiac anatomy and pathophysiology.
Researchers at the University of Maryland have developed a new method for creating high-quality, high-performance solid-state electrolyte thin films. This 'printing and radiative heating' approach enables rapid production of dense and uniform films with superior ionic conductivity.
A new chip has been developed that can be surgically implanted to read neural signals and stimulate the brain with both light and electrical current. The chip is fully wireless and trimodal, allowing for precise control over targeted regions of the brain.
Researchers at Okayama University found a non-synaptic mode of oxytocin transport across the central nervous system, which activates oxytocin receptors to control penile erection and ejaculation in male rats. Oxytocin causes increased sexual activity and neuronal activity in injected animals.
Research from Leipzig Authoritarianism Study 2020 shows a decline in xenophobic attitudes, but old resentments are paired with new radicalism. The study found that authoritarian and anti-democratic attitudes remain a threat to German society.
Researchers at Arizona State University developed curved origami structures that can adjust stiffness based on function, providing a new range of flexibility in robots. This technology enables robots to perform various movements by adjusting the creases used, and has implications for designing mechanical metamaterials.
Researchers developed a portable solar-powered device that generates steam hot enough to sterilize medical instruments without relying on well-built infrastructure or electricity. The device's transparent aerogel insulates the system, reducing heat loss and increasing energy efficiency.
Researchers developed a computer vision tool to analyze facial images of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), revealing strong correlations between facial features and the condition. The study's findings could lead to improved phenotyping and treatment of CAH, a life-threatening genetic disorder affecting children.
A UTEP researcher is developing an animal model to investigate the effects of nicotine vapor exposure on adolescent behavior. The study aims to understand how nicotine affects impulse and risk-taking decisions in teens.
Researchers found that PBT2 disrupts metals in polymyxin-resistant bacteria, resensitizing them to treatment and boosting survival rates in mice with sepsis. The compound may offer a solution to the growing threat of antibiotic resistance, which poses a grave danger to patients with bacterial infections.
Researchers at University of Hawaii discovered that bacteria can direct squid hosts to change gene-expression programs for a more inviting home. A specific bacterial sRNA influences the squid's immune reaction, allowing the bacteria to persistently colonize and deliver beneficial effects.
A study by a cross-border team of researchers confirms that biofuels can contribute significantly to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions. The study highlights the potential of switchgrass cultivation for cellulosic ethanol production as comparable to reforestation and grassland restoration on a per-hectare basis.
A study by University of Utah researchers found that experienced radiologists can miss clear abnormalities when looking for one specific issue, highlighting the limits of human cognition. The experiment demonstrates that years of experience don't guarantee detection of critical findings.
The EACVI - Best of Imaging 2020 event showcases cutting-edge research on cardiac imaging, featuring sessions on COVID-19 management and women's heart health. Experts will discuss the use of imaging techniques in patients with COVID-19 and explore fundamental differences between men and women in certain diseases.
A team of researchers has discovered a novel gel-like state that enables male fruit flies to compensate for their single X chromosome. The mechanism, which involves the assembly of roX-MSL2 gel, allows the complex to distinguish and mark the X chromosome. This innovation sheds light on how dosage compensation is achieved in male flies.
A study by dentists from RUDN University found that a change in the dominant side of chewing can cause early deterioration of dental implants. The researchers monitored 64 patients with dental implants and discovered that those who changed their chewing habits after surgery experienced more bone tissue formation pathologies.
The American Chemical Society has unveiled its annual list of 10 promising chemistry start-ups, focusing on innovative solutions for drug discovery, waste recycling, sustainable materials, and quantum computing. Companies like Aryballe and Evrnu are developing groundbreaking technologies to address pressing global challenges.
A molecule called Ldlrad3 has been identified as a key player in the virus's ability to infect cells. By creating a decoy version of this protein, scientists have found that it can prevent the virus from causing deadly brain infections in mice.
Analysis of over 4000 winter drowning events identifies factors associated with higher rates of drowning deaths. Warmer winters may lead to an increase in drowning fatalities in ice-covered areas.
Researchers developed an AI-based prediction model for early diagnosis of opioid use disorder using commercial claim data from 2006-2018. The tool led to average diagnoses 14.4 months earlier than clinical diagnosis.
A new study found that suicidal thoughts and self-harm among childbearing women nearly tripled between 2006 and 2017, with significant increases seen among Black, low-income, and younger individuals. The prevalence of maternal suicidality increased from 0.2% to 0.6%, affecting an estimated 24,000 individuals.
Scientists have developed a new approach using nanosensors to detect trace amounts of biomarkers for early-disease diagnosis. The innovation increases detection speed by four times compared to common sensing techniques, enabling rapid disease tests that can be done at home or work.
A European study confirms that altered intestinal microbiota increases the production of imidazole propionate, a molecule that prevents insulin's blood sugar-lowering effects. Elevated levels of imidazole propionate are also found in prediabetes, suggesting it may contribute to disease progression.
Researchers found an overall 17% risk reduction for metastatic or fatal cancer and a 38% reduction among those with normal BMI. The study suggests that vitamin D may reduce the risk of developing advanced cancers, particularly in individuals with normal weight.
The SPI-Birds initiative combines breeding population data of 1.5 million individually recognisable birds to answer ecology and evolution questions. The project aims to inspire other research communities to create their own standards, promoting FAIR data use.
A computational method combining clinicodemographic variables and deep learning of pre-treatment histology images accurately predicts response to immune checkpoint blockade. The model, validated in an independent cohort, achieves high accuracy and can stratify patients into high versus low risk for disease progression.
A study in Uganda reveals that school-age children with asymptomatic malaria infections can serve as stealth super spreaders responsible for the majority of malaria parasites circulating in local mosquitoes. This hidden reservoir poses a barrier to long-term efforts to eliminate malaria and an immediate threat for disease resurgence.
A new study by University of Surrey experts found that trees can effectively reduce the urban heat island effect in many European cities. The research simulated temperature increases in Guildford, UK under different green infrastructure scenarios and found that trees were the most effective form of mitigation.
A new study from Michigan State University found that lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals are more likely to develop cognitive impairment at older ages. The research suggests that depression may be a key underlying factor contributing to these disparities, highlighting the need for greater inclusivity and acceptance to support menta...
Analysis highlights diverse strategies used to sustain fishing livelihoods in modern era, prioritizing diversity and flexibility. Alternative approaches to management and licensing needed to maintain small-scale fishing operations worldwide.
The study uses large datasets to examine representation of sexual minorities in STEM fields. Men in same-sex couples are less likely to complete a STEM degree or work in a STEM occupation compared to heterosexual men. However, women in same-sex couples are more likely to work in a STEM field than women in different-sex couples.
Researchers at Arizona State University found that urban parks experience a significant increase in evaporative losses during the night due to the oasis effect, leading to higher carbon dioxide emissions. This can have important implications for water conservation and greenhouse gas emission management in desert cities like Phoenix.
Researchers designed DNA-based nanogels that break down and release chemotherapeutic contents only in cancer cells. The nanogels use biomarkers like FEN1 to differentiate between healthy and cancerous cells, reducing the impact on normal cells.
The OU College of Medicine has partnered with the US Department of Defense to develop training materials and resources to address problematic sexual behavior in youth within the military. Effective treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy and family engagement, have shown recidivism rates less than 2%.
A recent study challenges the UK's current guidance on treating high blood pressure with medication, suggesting that it may not be necessary to consider age and ethnicity when choosing a treatment. The researchers found similar reductions in blood pressure for three major drug types in people of all ages and ethnicities.
A new study finds that infrastructure and mining projects in tropical forests will destroy forests and increase development, harming wildlife and people. The report highlights the urgent need to factor in forest value and protect critical habitats.
Researchers from the University of Illinois Chicago have discovered four major factors influencing the motion of magnetic particles in fluids, including magnetic field strength, particle properties, and electrical charges. This knowledge can be used to improve drug delivery, biosensors, and other applications.
Researchers developed an algae-based 3D bioprinting method to incorporate vascular patterns within engineered tissues and provide a sustainable source of oxygen for human cells. The approach showed promise for applications in disease modeling, drug development, regenerative and personalized medicine.
A new study warns that the current global nutrition transition will lead to an unprecedented increase in overweight and obese individuals, surpassing 4 billion by 2050. This, combined with food waste and unsustainable agricultural practices, poses significant threats to global hunger, public health, and environmental protection.
Researchers at Kobe University developed a high-speed detection method to observe oxygen generated by artificial photosynthesis, revealing the mechanism behind water-to-oxygen reaction. The new method is 1000 times faster than conventional methods and could contribute to developing efficient photocatalysts for clean energy.
Research highlights the importance of understanding T cell responses in COVID-19, including their role in generating durable immunity and influencing disease severity. Filling knowledge gaps is crucial for developing effective vaccines and treatments.
Researchers have identified the precise timing and molecular signals involved in neural crest cell formation, shedding light on human neural crest-related pathologies. The study provides a high-resolution temporal map of gene expression and epigenetic changes during neural crest development.
Researchers from Osaka University have developed a technique to visualize small-molecule drugs in cells using gold nanoparticles and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) microscopy. This approach allows for real-time observation of the dynamics of small molecules inside target cells, providing valuable insights for drug discovery.
A team of scientists from Tokyo Institute of Technology devised a strategy to automate the novel material development process using robotics and artificial intelligence. The CASH setup enables fully autonomous materials research, making it possible to test and optimize new compounds at an unprecedented scale.
The Politecnico di Milano team successfully synthesized a molecular crystal with a Borromean topology, demonstrating the mechanism of formation and opening new perspectives for complex chemical systems. The findings have potential applications in diamond synthesis, hydrogen storage, ultra-light composites, and drug development.
A study by Harvard Medical School scientists reveals a transient, cooperative interaction between ovarian cancer cells that allows nonmetastatic tumor cells to invade distant sites. The team identified amplified ERBB2 levels in a specific cell population, which was activated by amphiregulin, a signaling protein found in advanced ovaria...
A study of 214 children found that final diagnoses differ from referral diagnoses in 54% of cases, with asthma being the most common cause. Inhaling medication was prescribed to 91% of children with a final diagnosis of asthma, while physiotherapy was recommended for 50% of those with dysfunctional breathing.
Researchers at DGIST have devised a 2D-material-based stacked structure that reduces computing power consumption. The study measured the energy of excitons and trions in multistacked hBN/WS2 coupled quantum wells, revealing a gradual decrease in energy with an increase in stakes.
Researchers found that domestic cats can shed SARS-CoV-2 and spread it efficiently to other cats within two days, indicating a potential human-cat-human transmission chain. In contrast, pigs are unlikely to be significant carriers of SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers found that dry storage conditions at dew points of around -45°C significantly improve high-nickel battery performance. Exposing batteries to humidity leads to premature capacity fade and degradation. The study identifies three processes responsible for impurities, including surface carbonates and hydroxides.
Researchers designed a catapult-like hydrogel that can store and release elastic energy, achieving high contractile force and ultrahigh work density. The material overcomes mechanical weakness in traditional hydrogels, enabling controllable multistable deformation and programmable elasticity.
Researchers developed a technique to print full-size, realistic heart models using alginate material and MRI scans. These models can be handled outside of the gelatin bath, enabling surgeons to practice complex heart surgeries.
A new study from Children's Hospital Los Angeles shows that machine learning can accurately identify patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) using subtle facial features. The research uses facial morphology to detect differences in CAH patients and correctly identifies them with greater than 90% accuracy.
A majority of hospitalized patients support eliminating processed meats from hospital menus to reduce cancer risk. Processed meat is linked to various health issues, including colorectal, stomach, and pancreatic cancers, as well as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
A new study uses artificial intelligence to predict which patients with metastatic melanoma will respond well to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The algorithm achieves an accuracy rate of 80%, outperforming current predictive tools in a significant way.
A new agglutinate, reprogrammable, and disintegrable magnetic spray has been developed to transform inanimate objects into millirobots with high adaptivity for various biomedical applications. The spray can be repurposed by adjusting its magnetization direction, allowing the creation of diverse locomotion modes.
The new issue of NeuroRehabilitation focuses on the challenges of classifying, assessing, and treating neurogenic pain disorders. Experts describe the latest advancements in neurogenic classification and pain management, including new treatment options for peripheral neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome, and craniofacial ne...
Research reveals that tau protein undergoes stepwise chemical modifications over time, correlating with dementia stage in Alzheimer's disease. The discovery suggests that multiple drugs may be necessary to target tau effectively, with early intervention requiring different therapeutics compared to late-stage treatment.
A study led by Massachusetts General Hospital found that early treatment with lorlatinib improved survival rates and reduced the risk of brain metastasis in ALK-positive lung cancer patients. Lorlatinib was shown to be effective as a first-line therapy, reducing the risk of cancer progression or death by 72%.
The study found that cities in the South and Midwest had less decline in public transit demand due to essential workers who couldn't work from home. Key factors included occupation, with physical jobs leading to higher transit use among Hispanic communities.
Researchers found that parental exposure to predators affects offspring behavior differently based on sex, with paternal exposure impacting sons more and maternal exposure impacting daughters. This study provides new insights into the role of sexual lineage in transgenerational plasticity.
A research team from the University of Basel investigated the explosive speciation of cichlid fishes in Lake Tanganyika, discovering three discrete pulse-like stages of rapid morphological evolution. The study also revealed that the most species-rich lineages contain genetically diverse species.
A new USC study reveals that AI models lack common sense to generate plausible sentences, despite advances in natural language processing. The research challenges the effectiveness of current benchmark tests and finds that even the strongest models can make silly mistakes.
A new report reveals that using materials more efficiently can reduce GHG emissions from residential buildings and passenger vehicles by an average of 40% in seven major developed countries and 70% in China and India. Strategies include ride-sharing, building smaller homes, and recycling materials.
Researchers found that particulate matter's oxidative potential, not just its amount, is the main health risk. The study suggests urban areas have higher oxidative potential and more harmful effects on health than rural areas.
New data from the CASCADE FH Registry highlights gaps in care for children with familial hypercholesterolemia. Children are typically diagnosed at age 9, seven years after cholesterol screening guidelines recommend it. Early treatment intervention can prevent cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have identified a group of gut microbes and a specific molecule that modulate immune responses to viral infections. The study found that these microbes, particularly Bacteroides fragilis, trigger the release of interferon-beta, which confers antiviral protection.
A new analysis by MIT researchers details the underlying issues causing cost overruns on US nuclear power plants, highlighting ways to reimagine engineering strategies to reduce delays and expenses. The study suggests that designing plants with resilience to variable construction conditions can help minimize costs.
A study found that COVID-19 can lead to rare but potentially devastating neurological complications, including strokes, brain bleeds, and blocked blood vessels. Patients with pre-existing high blood pressure and/or type 2 diabetes were at higher risk for these complications.
Researchers created a holistic representation of rare disease data including previously ignored information. The tool provides access to new patient interaction data, improving understanding and treatment options.
Researchers at Harvard University have captured high-resolution 3D images of human chromosomes, providing evidence to change the traditional X-like symbol used in textbooks. The images show that chromosome structure plays a crucial role in regulating gene transcription and cell division.
A Danish trial found that wearing masks outside the home weakly supports lesser degrees of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, but cannot definitively exclude no effect. The study showed similar infection rates between mask and control groups despite public health measures in place.
Research from USC's Keck School of Medicine found that financially exploited seniors show distinct brain activity patterns compared to those who have not been victimized. The study also linked hearing and vision problems to increased frailty in older adults who experienced financial exploitation.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University developed a CRISPR-Cas9 system that specifically targets cancer cells, destroying them by genetic manipulation. The system improved the average life expectancy of mice with glioblastoma tumors by 30% and increased overall survival rate in metastatic ovarian cancer mice model by 80%.
A 330-year-old poplar tree has been found to accumulate epigenetic marks that reveal its age, providing a natural epimutation accumulation system. The study's findings suggest that the rate of somatic epimutations is approximately 10,000 times higher than genetic mutations in the same tree.
The project will populate a database of bioreactor and saturated buffer designs, trial novel modifications to improve efficiency, and install monitoring systems for real-time water quality detection. The goal is to increase adoption and effectiveness of these low-cost solutions in the Midwest.
A new study found that city-dwelling tree swallows bred more successfully due to warmer temperatures, but their blood contained higher levels of mercury from contaminated insects. Urbanization's impact on wildlife health is a growing concern as the climate continues to warm and land use changes threaten biodiversity.
Researchers have developed a more sensitive way to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood, which could help doctors find and treat metastases earlier. Using fluorescence spectrometry, as few as nine breast cancer cells can be detected in 200 μL of buffer solution.
Researchers at San Diego State University have uncovered a crucial clue to the mystery of TB's rapid resistance to antibiotics. They found that the pathogen uses an epigenetic domain to diversify and create multiple subpopulations with varying phenotypes, leading to drug resistance.
Researchers discovered a unique RNA polymerase in crAss-like phages that helps transcribe its genes. The enzyme was found to be inactive in standard tests but active when exposed to specific conditions, revealing new insights into the mechanism of viral infections.
Scientists have discovered how a common virus infects and takes over bacterial cells, enabling targeted manipulation of the gut microbiome. The crAssphage virus uses its own enzyme to produce RNA copies of its genes, similar to human enzymes involved in RNA interference.
Hearing loss experts advocate for FDA regulation of over-the-counter hearing aids, citing barriers to access and the need for evidence-based products. The authors recommend premarket testing and clearer distinctions between hearing aids and wearable sound amplification products.
Researchers discover endogenous viral elements from giant viruses are common in chlorophyte green algae, suggesting a potential beneficial relationship between hosts and their viruses. The findings challenge current understanding of host-virus interactions and may shed light on the early evolution of plants.
Researchers developed an antibiotic resistance surveillance approach by applying DNA sequencing techniques to detect the spread of disease in watersheds impacted by large-scale storms. Baseline levels of antibiotic resistance genes in Puerto Rican watersheds prior to Hurricane Maria are unknown, but the study identified single gene tar...
The Blue Ring Nebula, a cloud of gas in space, is likely composed of debris from two stars that collided and merged into one. A new study using cutting-edge models applied to collected data reveals the nebula's age and nature.
A genetic study of the live polio vaccine has identified critical mutations that allow the virus to evolve into a more virulent form, posing a risk to eradication efforts. However, the study also found that these changes are not easily transmitted from person to person.
Researchers found a significant increase in online search queries for 'insomnia' between April and May 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. This surge was associated with higher rates of insomnia symptoms, particularly during prime sleeping hours.
A 10,000-year record of alpine glacier fluctuations reveals that some Rocky Mountain glaciers persisted as smaller glaciers covered in debris or rocks during periods of early Holocene warming. This challenges the long-held idea that all glaciers completely disappeared during these warm conditions.
A new study found a correlation between RNA-binding protein clumping and protein aggregates in the hearts of patients with RBM20 dilated cardiomyopathy. This discovery suggests that RBM20 is an RNA-binding protein granule disease similar to Lou Gehrig's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
A Stanford University study uses Zillow and census data to identify residential water use patterns and trends in different community groupings. The research found that income levels do not always correlate with water usage, and that changing community development can impact water consumption patterns.
A CSU team, led by Professor Stephanie Kampf, is studying the effects of the Cameron Peak Fire on waterways and snowpack in Colorado. The research aims to collect critical data on how the fire impacts snow processes, flow paths, and sediment movement.
A recent review of published studies found that male behavior causing harm to females during mating is a common issue in several mammalian orders. The most common response from females was grouping around a dominant male, suggesting that sexual aggression may not be as widespread as previously thought.