Articles tagged with Skin Tumors
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Researchers developed percutaneous soft tissue cryotherapy as an effective treatment for cancer that has metastasized in soft tissues and bones. The procedure resulted in an average of 77% tumor shrinkage in patients after 24 months, with preserved fibrous or collagenous structures promoting better healing.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed gold nanocages that selectively accumulate in tumors and convert laser light to heat, killing malignant cells. The treatment avoids warm surrounding tissue, making it a promising approach for cancer therapy.
Recent clinical and scientific advancements in nervous system cancers have improved our understanding of molecular changes and new therapies for patients. The March issue of Archives of Neurology features articles on various topics, including increased melanoma risk among Parkinson's disease patients and new insights into glioma risk.
Research at Yale University and the University of Chicago found that socially isolated female rats developed more tumors and more malignant types than their group-living counterparts. The study suggests a link between social isolation and cancer susceptibility, particularly in psychiatric disorders.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a tumor-attacking virus that kills brain-tumor cells and blocks the growth of new tumor blood vessels. The virus, called RAMBO, was tested in animal models and showed promise in treating aggressive brain cancer with a survival rate of 54 days.
A new cancer vaccine has successfully eliminated tumors in mice by reprogramming the mammalian immune system. The implant-based vaccine targets tumor-specific antigens and directs T cells to hunt down and kill cancerous cells, providing durable protection against relapse.
Adding cetuximab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly increases tumor response rates, making more patients eligible for potentially curative surgery. The treatment also improves the proportion of tumors deemed resectable, with a notable increase after treatment.
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center have identified hundreds of genes linked to patient survival in advanced melanoma. The study used DNA-microarray technology to find genes involved in the immune response and gene proliferation, providing a new framework for personalized medicine.
Researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine have developed DNA-coated nanotubes that can selectively target and kill cancer cells in mice. The treatment uses near-infrared radiation to heat the nanotubes, causing cell death while leaving surrounding tissue unharmed.
Nanobees, nano-sized spheres carrying the toxic melittin from bee venom, successfully delivered and killed tumor cells in mice. By targeting cancerous tissue with precision, nanobees showed promise in treating established and early-stage cancers.
Researchers have discovered a way to effectively kill kidney tumors in nearly 80 percent of mice by injecting man-made nanotubes into the tumors and heating them with a laser. The study found that the higher the quantity of nanotubes injected, the longer the mice lived and the less tumor regrowth was seen.
Researchers engineered mice with a persistent wound-like skin condition to study tumor growth. The study found that chronic skin wounds promote skin tumors by secreting molecules that activate dermal cells and increase inflammation. Notch1 signaling plays a critical role in this process, suggesting potential complications for drug design.
Researchers used PET scans to image HER2 protein levels in breast cancer cells before and after treatment. The study showed a significant reduction in HER2 expression, indicating the treatment's effectiveness.
A recent study by the Wildlife Conservation Society finds that cancer is a major threat to wild animal populations, with certain species at risk of extinction due to contagious cancers and pollution. The study highlights the need for increased health monitoring and resource allocation to safeguard animals and humans.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine identified beta-1 integrin as a key molecule involved in tumor development and invasion. Inhibiting this molecule slowed the growth of tumors and improved tissue separation, offering new potential targets for cancer treatment.
A new diagnostic technique using blue light and a special study drug has been shown to detect more bladder tumors, reducing the rate of recurrence by 22% in patients with papillary bladder tumors. The study found that this method detected an additional tumor in 16.9% of patients compared to traditional white-light detection.
A survey found that thinner melanomas are more likely to be detected by physicians, while thicker tumors are often self-detected. Physician skin examination and improved public awareness are key targets for new interventions to promote earlier detection.
A new MRI technique accurately predicts specific genetic mutations in human brain tumors, a breakthrough that could lead to better diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma. By measuring blood flow to the tumor, researchers can identify patients with high-risk mutations that require targeted therapies.
Researchers discovered a key checkpoint in cell growth and development that may allow investigators to benchmark progression of tumor cells or stop them from further development. The mechanism involves the activation of p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) in certain tissues but not others, and is controlled by the Erbin/Merlin complex.
Researchers at Caltech develop a targeted cancer therapy using a gallium corrole that can detect and eliminate breast cancer tumors in mice, with fewer side effects than traditional treatments. The therapy shows promise for treating aggressive HER2+ breast cancers with lower toxicity.
Researchers at the NIH/National Human Genome Research Institute have discovered a new tumor suppressor gene, MMP-8, that helps prevent melanoma growth. The finding may lead to more individualized cancer treatment strategies and improved outcomes for patients.
Research at the University of Navarra Hospital found that high-dosage perioperative brachytherapy effectively controls 86% of head and neck tumor cases after a seven-year follow-up. The technique reduces treatment time by two weeks compared to conventional radiotherapy, improving patient outcomes.
Patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) who received adjuvant imatinib after surgery experienced increased recurrence-free survival compared to those given placebo. Imatinib significantly improved recurrence-free survival at one year, with the most impact on tumors over 10cm in size.
A new minimally invasive treatment, cryoablation, is nearly 100% effective in destroying localized kidney tumors. This procedure is a viable option for patients with small or large tumors and offers quicker recovery and minimal limitation on regular activities.
Researchers found that blocking macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) protein activity can reduce the incidence and severity of skin cancer tumors in mice. The study suggests a link between MIF and chronic inflammation, which precedes skin cancer development after long-term sun exposure.
Researchers discovered that DNA component CpG can stimulate inflammation at low doses but block it at high doses through the enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase. This finding holds promise for treating cancer and infections by manipulating dosage to optimize immune response.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed implants that mimic an infection to trigger the immune system to attack tumors. The innovative approach successfully marshals T cells against aggressive melanoma in 90% of mice, making it the most effective demonstration to date of a cancer vaccine.
Glioblastoma cells release exosomes containing RNA and proteins that promote tumor growth, but also carry data that can be used to guide targeted therapy. The study identified factors in these exosomes that could be used as biomarkers to monitor treatment response.
Researchers have developed approaches to visualize eosinophils in real-time, which may help diagnose asthma and assess treatment efficacy. Additionally, genetic defects underlying two kidney conditions and a type of liver cancer have been identified, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for these diseases.
Researchers develop a novel designer molecule that targets malignant melanoma cells using two different routes: triggering the immune system to attack and switching off a specific gene, driving cancer cells to suicide. Initial experiments in mouse models show significant inhibition of metastasis growth and tumor shrinkage.
Researchers found that chronic inflammation can nurture skin cancer by exploiting the IDO enzyme's suppressive immune response. This is analogous to chronic sun exposure and skin cancer, where UV radiation causes malignant skin cells to appear while also causing skin inflammation.
A study by French researchers found that infused T cells recognize a new protein called meloe-1, which is highly expressed in melanoma cells but not normal skin cells. Meloe-1-specific T cells were more common among patients who remained relapse-free, suggesting this strategy may improve adoptive immunotherapy efficacy.
Researchers have found a new technique to quickly and reversibly fine-tune protein activity in cells and living mammals, providing a powerful tool for identifying protein functions. The technique involves pairing specially engineered proteins with the drug Shield-1, which prevents their degradation.
Researchers developed a novel technique for detecting tumor lymphangiogenesis in rabbits, using percutaneous hepatic injection of ultrasound contrast material. The method combines percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography (PTL) with contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging to improve diagnostic ability for liver cancer.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have found that a virus, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV), is the cause of Merkel cell carcinoma, an aggressive form of skin cancer. The virus infects normal cells before they turn into cancer cells, and its replication can lead to the death of cancer cells.
Duke University scientists have developed a new microscopy technique that enables peeking so deep into living tissue as to see molecules interacting. By combining optical coherence tomography with miniscule particles of gold, researchers can achieve higher resolutions than traditional methods.
Researchers found that patients with specific EGFR gene mutations can live almost two years on average when treated with erlotinib, outperforming chemotherapy by two-to-three fold. The study identified a subgroup of 15-22% patients who can benefit from targeted therapies
Researchers have identified a unique 'odor profile' for skin cancer using advanced chromatography techniques. The discovery could lead to a rapid, non-invasive diagnostic test that detects skin cancer before symptoms appear.
Researchers discovered that the body produces substances similar to THC found in marijuana, which are essential for maintaining healthy skin. The findings suggest these endocannabinoids may lead to new treatments for skin disorders like acne and dry skin.
Researchers have identified HLA-G dimer as a powerful immune molecule that can help prevent organ rejection. This molecule works by down-regulating the immune response and has potential applications in treating autoimmune diseases and cancer.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Boston have identified the cells responsible for infantile hemangiomas, a common benign tumor. By using these cells to develop a new mouse model, scientists hope to identify potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
Researchers identified proteins that may serve as reliable biomarkers for Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) and its associated malignant tumors. Adrenomedullin levels were found to be significantly higher in NF1 patients and MPNST cell cultures, indicating a possible association with tumor growth.
A new delivery technique using skin flaps and gene therapy reduces tumor volume by 79% in rats. The treatment allows for the production of therapeutic proteins directly at the tumor site, avoiding liver damage caused by traditional intravenous administration.
A new study found that combining reishi mushroom and green tea extracts creates a synergistic effect to inhibit tumor growth and delay death in mice with sarcomas. The combination reduced tumor weight by 45% compared to treatment with only reishi, confirming the synergy of the two substances.
A new study presented at the Experimental Biology Annual Meeting shows that Dermytol produces a significant reduction in malignant melanoma cell growth. The compound has demonstrated potential in reducing damage to skin cells and may be used in anti-aging and sun-protection products.
Researchers identify KIFBbeta as a potential new neuronal tumor suppressor gene that mediates apoptosis in neural crest-derived tumors. The study suggests that KIFBbeta provides a protective effect against the development of these tumors.
A case report describes a patient with a benign bile duct tumor, adenomyoma, which was successfully treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy. The study highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment to avoid unnecessary surgery.
Researchers at the MUHC have identified HSP90 as a promising therapeutic target for ocular melanoma. By targeting this protein, it is possible to disrupt multiple cellular functions and block cancer cell reproduction, leading to tumour regression.
Researchers identified a protein, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7), that regulates melanocytes' decision to ward off cancer by entering a programmed hibernation or committing suicide. This discovery offers new hope for treating deadly melanoma by harnessing the body's natural defense pathway.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have identified Activating Transcription Factor 2 (ATF2) as a tumor suppressor in skin cancer development. ATF2 regulates gene transcription in response to extracellular stresses, leading to faster and more frequent tumor formation when its activity is reduced.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute have identified a novel virus strongly associated with Merkel cell carcinoma, a rare but deadly skin cancer. The Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV) was discovered using a novel sequencing technique and has similarities to human papillomavirus (HPV).
Researchers have developed gold nanoparticles with antibody fragments that can identify tumors in living animals. The particles emit a specific signal when illuminated by a laser beam, enabling early detection of cancer. This technology offers a non-invasive and potentially more effective approach to cancer diagnosis.
Patients with subclinical Cushing syndrome experience significant clinical improvement after adrenalectomy, including improved diabetes and hypertension. The study highlights the benefits of surgery for some patients with large adrenal tumors who suffer from hormonal disorders.
A recent study by McGill researchers found that the enzyme focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is crucial for tumour progression from a pre-malignant to a malignant state in the mammary tumour system. The discovery opens up new avenues for developing targeted treatments against breast cancer.
Researchers reported a rare case of an adrenal adenoma producing carcinoembryonic antigen, highlighting the importance of serum CEA levels in diagnosis. Laparoscopic adrenectomy was successfully performed using combined lateral and anterior transperitoneal approach.
In the trial, three patients experienced significant partial responses to the combination treatment, with stable disease noted in several non-treated tumours. The treatment was well-tolerated, with mostly Grade 1 or 2 toxicities, and showed evidence of anti-tumour activity.
Researchers have developed a protocol for generating mice with squamous cell carcinoma, allowing them to study the disease in a controlled environment. The method involves injecting mice with DMBA and TPA, leading to tumor formation and enabling scientists to examine the role of the immune system in susceptibility to skin cancer.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified a genetic signature associated with aggressive melanomas. The study found that certain genes are linked to an aggressive profile, which could be used to predict patient outcomes and develop tailored therapies.
A study of 125 kidney tumors treated with radiofrequency ablation showed a high cure rate and low complication rate. The procedure achieved a 93% success rate for all treated tumors, making it an alternative method for patients who are not good surgical candidates.
Researchers discuss future directions in neuroblastoma treatment, including new approaches for high-risk patients and the development of an international classification system. Current regimens and prognosis are also analyzed, highlighting the need for improved understanding of genomic alterations to guide therapy.