Articles tagged with Respiration
Researchers developed a nasal spray that captures and neutralizes airborne viruses and bacteria, providing up to 8 hours of protection. The Pathogen Capture and Neutralizing Spray (PCANS) demonstrated a greater than 99.99% reduction in lung viral titers in mice models.
A study published in Royal Society Open Science uses virtual reality to educate people about harmful, non-exhaust vehicle emissions and how to navigate safely. The research reveals that exposure risk is highest at the end of braking events, particularly near bus stops and pedestrian crossings.
A proof-of-concept study introduces a medical device that measures protease activity in human breath to diagnose lower respiratory tract infections. The system showed elevated levels of human neutrophil elastase in patients with confirmed lower respiratory tract infections, suggesting its potential for rapid and non-invasive diagnosis.
Researchers found that Saharan dust blown thousands of kilometers away increases oceanic life by making iron more accessible through atmospheric reactions. The study measured bioreactive and total iron in Atlantic Ocean drill cores, revealing a relationship between distance traveled and bioreactivity.
Researchers at Rice University and Baylor College of Medicine are developing a new cell therapy platform to suppress inflammation and lung damage in ARDS patients. The platform uses engineered retinal pigment epithelial cells to locally produce anti-inflammatory agents, promising improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at Binghamton University discovered that water anoles produce a special bubble over their nostrils to breathe underwater and evade predators. The study found that the bubble serves a functional role in respiration, allowing lizards to stay submerged for longer periods.
A recent study published in the Chinese Medical Journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine investigated nicotine dependence among smokers in China. The research found that 41.0% of smokers aged 40 and above had medium-to-high nicotine dependence, with men more affected than women.
A new preclinical blood test identifies adults most likely to develop severe respiratory conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), by analyzing 32 proteins that accurately predict lung health data. The risk score indicates a high likelihood of hospital care, COPD development, and respiratory disease death.
A clinical trial found that sulthiame, a drug used for epilepsy, reduces pauses in breathing and improves oxygen levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The treatment also alleviates daytime fatigue, suggesting it could be an effective alternative to existing mechanical treatments.
A new study from King's College London found that a common antidepressant does not improve breathlessness in patients with respiratory disease and may cause side effects. The researchers call for further research into potential therapies for severe breathlessness and recommend using non-pharmacological approaches to treat the symptom.
Research found that smoking before 18 significantly increases the risk of developing respiratory symptoms like wheezing and phlegm by age 28. Smoking more cigarettes overall raises the risk even further. The study highlights the importance of preventing young people from starting to smoke.
Researchers developed an AI model to detect lung disease in premature babies by analyzing their breathing patterns while sleeping. The Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model achieved 96% accuracy in classifying flow values as belonging to a patient with BPD or not, enabling early diagnosis and treatment.
Scientists from Spirovant Sciences describe a novel adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy called SP-101 that has been optimized for efficient human airway cell transduction. After single dose inhaled delivery, the vector showed consistent expression of a functional and regulated shortened human CFTR minigene.
A new smart mask prototype, EBCare, analyzes chemicals in exhaled breath in real-time, offering personalized health monitoring for respiratory ailments like asthma and COPD. The device's self-cooling system allows for daily wear, while its low cost makes it a promising tool for remote health assessments.
A new study suggests treating all children under 5 with azithromycin in Africa can significantly reduce child mortality. Treating older kids protects younger children from respiratory and lethal infections.
Research from the University of Virginia School of Medicine reveals that nearly a quarter of children with recurrent wheezing have undetected lung infections that do not respond to commonly prescribed steroids. The study suggests that antiviral medications such as azithromycin may be a more effective treatment for these cases.
Researchers at Auburn University are developing a new instrument to characterize respiratory aerosols, which can transport viruses over longer distances. The technique uses fluorescence to analyze particles sensitive to pH, viscosity, and phase state.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed two nasal sprays, NanoSTING and NanoSTING-SN, to prevent respiratory virus transmission. NanoSTING is an immune activator that can protect against multiple viruses, while NanoSTING-SN is a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can prevent transmission to unvaccinated individuals.
Researchers at UVA discovered an unknown cause of long COVID inside lung tissues, promoting chronic inflammation that drives lasting respiratory symptoms. They found that immune cells can go haywire and promote tissue scarring, leading to conditions like interstitial lung disease.
A new study at Tel Aviv University found that geckos experience a sharp increase in metabolic rates when exposed to rocket explosions, leading to energy depletion. The researchers hypothesize that this stress response may apply to many other animals in conflict zones.
A new Reichman University study demonstrates how external representation of physiological signals can improve internal balance. The researchers created an immersive multisensory environment that mirrors the user's breathing pattern, leading to significant improvements in interoceptive sensibility and flow among users.
A recent study at the University of Missouri discovered that oxytocin and corticotropin-releasing hormone cause the brainstem to become overactive, leading to hypertension. This finding can help develop targeted drugs to reduce high blood pressure in sleep apnea patients.
Researchers have discovered how Haemophilus influenzae turns off the body's immune responses to persist in respiratory tissues. The bacterium convinces the immune system there is no threat, inducing a state of tolerance, and can worsen symptoms in vulnerable groups like cystic fibrosis patients and asthma sufferers.
A large nationally representative study found that only 2.9% of U.S. adults had ever used nicotine pouches, with a lower percentage reporting current use. The study suggests that the majority of adult pouch consumers are using them to 'top off' nicotine in situations where they cannot smoke or use other tobacco products.
A recent observational study shows that the new treatment significantly improves the health status of school-aged children with cystic fibrosis. The results, published in the European Respiratory Journal, have been a game-changer for most patients.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found no association between RSV vaccination during late pregnancy and increased risk of preterm birth or poor outcomes. The research provides real-world evidence supporting the safety of Pfizer's Abrysvo vaccine, offering reassurance to patients and clinicians.
Researchers found a correlation between high homocysteine levels and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. The study suggests that measuring homocysteine could help clinicians predict the risk of developing severe apnea, enabling early intervention and prevention.
Researchers have developed a novel drug therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which has shown significant improvements in reducing breathing interruptions and improving overall health. The treatment targets both respiratory and metabolic complications, providing a promising alternative to existing therapies.
A team of researchers has made a breakthrough discovery about the mysterious condition known as 'happy hypoxia,' which affects some COVID-19 patients despite critically low blood-oxygen saturation. Elevated hemoglobin levels in certain patients' blood may play a key role in enabling the respiratory system to sustain low oxygen levels w...
A systematic review of 14 studies found that mindfulness reduced anxiety and stress to a statistically significant extent. The study highlights the importance of combining mindfulness with improving work conditions to manage symptoms of anxiety and stress among nursing staff.
A post-pandemic surge in pediatric RSV hospitalizations was observed, with older children requiring advanced respiratory support. The study suggests that novel vaccine strategies could reduce the overall burden during future RSV seasons.
A new study led by UCSF found that COVID-19 vaccine side effects like headache and tiredness indicate a strong immune response. Those with more symptoms had nearly double the antibody levels of those without, suggesting the vaccine is effective in preventing infection.
A study published in the European Respiratory Journal found that children exposed to weed pollen in urban environments are at higher risk of developing respiratory health problems, including asthma. However, tree canopy can mitigate this effect to some degree.
A study found that low doses of filtered kretek cigarette smoke altered rat lung histometric measurements, increasing the size of respiratory bronchioles. P53 gene overexpression was also observed in response to exposure. The findings suggest potential health risks from even low levels of kretek cigarette smoke.
A University of Maryland study found N95 masks to be near-perfect in blocking the escape of airborne COVID-19 particles, with 'duckbill' N95s outperforming others. The study suggests that N95 masks should be the standard in high-risk settings.
The study found that Indonesians eat about 15 grams of microplastics per month, a 59-fold increase from 1990 to 2018. China and Mongolia top the list for airborne microplastic concentration, with U.S. residents inhaling about 300,000 particles per month.
Researchers uncover how mitochondria adapt to long-distance migrations, increasing oxygen and nutrient capacity, and processing energy for high-energy flights.
A world-first clinical trial found that finding and treating people with undiagnosed asthma or COPD improves their health and reduces healthcare visits. The study, which involved 508 patients, showed that those treated by a lung specialist and educator averaged fewer healthcare visits and improved symptoms compared to usual care.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen found that long-term exposure to air pollution accelerates cognitive decline and increases risk of dementia. The research, which followed a cohort of nurses for 27 years, also suggests that physical activity may mitigate the adverse effects of air pollution.
A new study has confirmed that killer whales take only one breath between dives, providing insights into their unique physiological habits. The researchers used drone footage and biological data from tags to gather information on the animals' habits, revealing that residents spend most of their time making shallow dives.
A recent study led by Prof. Yele Sun found that gym air contains a higher percentage of organic aerosols compared to outdoor air, with 50% of indoor air consisting of these particles. The study also identified two types of organic aerosols that can be inhaled during exercise, potentially impacting health.
A new study suggests that countries should prioritize tuberculosis treatment for exposed individuals with evidence of TB infection, regardless of age—except in high-burden settings, where all exposed individuals should be considered for treatment. Preventive treatment can stop latent TB infections from developing into deadly TB disease.
A comprehensive study by University of Technology Sydney researchers confirms CPAP therapy's safety without adverse effects on the respiratory system. The study uses computational modeling to assess airflow velocity and shear stress, providing reassurance for patients.
A recent study by University of Technology Sydney has modelled the transfer and deposition of plastic particles in the human respiratory system. The results have identified hotspots where plastic particles can accumulate, particularly in the nasal cavity and lungs, posing a risk to respiratory health.
Researchers developed a ten-minute breath test to monitor antibiotic concentrations, offering a non-invasive alternative to traditional blood tests. The study found that exhaled breath samples can detect specific metabolites associated with antibiotics, paving the way for potential therapeutic drug monitoring.
A University of California, Riverside study found that communities in unincorporated areas lack basic critical infrastructure, including healthcare access. Caregivers perceive U.S.-based physicians as not providing sufficient information, while Mexican-based physicians are seen as offering better care.
Administration of antenatal corticosteroids to late preterm babies was not linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental problems by age 6. Long-term follow-up study suggests the medication may be safe for these high-risk infants.
A recent study found that preoperative GLP-1 receptor agonist use is not associated with an increased risk of postoperative respiratory complications. The results suggest liberalizing withholding guidelines for these medications may be beneficial.
A new study found that offering stop smoking support alongside lung cancer screening can significantly increase quit rates among high-risk individuals. Up to half of those who attend for lung cancer screening currently smoke, and dedicated funding is urged to provide this essential support.
A new study published in Thorax reveals that increased physical activity and higher body mass index can help recover early-life lung function deficits, leading to normal values in adolescence. The study analyzed data from over 1,100 children and adolescents aged 4-18 years, identifying four trajectories of lung function growth.
A new study analyzed over one million COVID-19 patients in Sweden to understand post-COVID syndrome (PCS) symptoms and risk factors. High blood pressure emerged as a key risk factor for PCS diagnosis, with those who required mechanical ventilation at high risk.
Researchers at Klick Labs developed an algorithm to detect deepfakes with 80% accuracy by analyzing speech pause patterns, offering a solution to the growing problem of AI-generated content. The study's findings suggest that vocal biomarkers can distinguish between real and fake voices, providing a novel approach to flagging deepfakes.
Researchers demonstrate efficacy of airborne ultrasound technology to detect low-amplitude movements produced by vocalizations at the chest surface. The technology allows for contactless mapping of surface vibrations, offering a better window on respiratory health and enabling better diagnoses of respiratory diseases.
A new multitasking substance has been identified to prevent and treat both flu and COVID-19 infections concurrently. The long-acting recombinant cytokine protein rhIL-7-hyFc demonstrated therapeutic and preventive effects against various respiratory diseases, including COVID-19, influenza virus, and respiratory syncytial virus.
Researchers at UVA Health discovered a potential blood test to predict patients with severe COVID-19 who are likely to recover well and those at risk of long-term lung problems. The study found that patients with late-resolving symptoms had fewer immune cells in their blood, correlating with symptom severity.
Researchers at Flinders University have discovered a bedtime nasal spray that can reduce the severity of sleep apnea in people and lower their blood pressure. The study found that the spray, which blocks potassium channels, improved oxygen levels and reduced markers of OSA severity in 7 out of 10 participants.
The Wim Hof method has been found to increase epinephrine levels and decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines, indicating a potential anti-inflammatory response. However, its impact on exercise performance is less clear, with some studies showing benefits and others finding no significant difference.
A study by Washington State University found that exposure to multiple air pollutants was associated with asthma symptoms among elementary school children. The researchers identified 25 combinations of air pollutants linked to asthma, with one group from a lower-income neighborhood experiencing higher exposure levels.
Researchers found a brainstem region that regulates breathing rhythm, ensuring breathing remains dominant over speech. The circuit also involves premotor neurons in the hindbrain region called the retroambiguus nucleus (RAm), which are activated during vocalization.
A new reflex of the vagus nerve helps counteract restricted breathing, while a rare cell type detects airway closure and relays the signal. The discovery provides valuable insight into how the brain and body are connected to monitor and modulate respiration.