Articles tagged with Catalysis
Scientists have developed a new low-temperature catalyst that produces high-purity hydrogen gas while using up carbon monoxide, improving the performance of fuel cells. The catalyst operates at low temperature and pressure, making it less expensive and easier to use.
A team of UK and Argentinean chemists developed a catalyst that mimics the Z-scheme mechanism of photosynthesis, reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. The catalyst, combining cuprous oxide and titanium dioxide, transfers electrons to CO2 while breaking water molecules.
Researchers at Kyushu University have developed a multifunctional catalyst that can oxidize both hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the same reaction system. The catalyst mimics the behavior of two enzymes and shows promise for increasing energy production efficiency from hydrogen fuel cells.
Researchers have developed an efficient catalyst that converts CO2 from the air into synthetic natural gas in a 'clean' process using solar energy. The catalyst produces almost pure methane without side products and operates at mild temperatures, making it viable for industrial activities.
A new rhodium-based catalyst enhances hydrosilylation of olefins by 96%, outperforming existing supported-rhodium catalysts. The co-immobilization of a tertiary amine on silica improves catalytic activity, paving the way for sustainable solutions.
A recent discovery by Stanford University scientists could lead to a new, more sustainable way to make ethanol without corn or other crops. The technology uses three basic components: water, carbon dioxide and electricity delivered through a copper catalyst.
Researchers at Waseda University have developed an efficient alternative method for synthesizing ammonia at low temperature using surface proton hopping. This breakthrough could lead to on-demand ammonia production plants running on renewable energy, with potential applications in various industries and energy sources.
A new nanomaterial capable of reducing CO2 with high selectivity and turnover number has been developed by Tokyo Tech. The material consists of carbon nitride nanosheets combined with a metal structure known as binuclear ruthenium(II) complex, resulting in unprecedented binding of RuRu' to the nanosheet surface.
A team of chemists led by Carnegie Mellon University's Rongchao Jin developed a site-specific surgery method to precisely tailor nanoparticles' properties. The technique, published in Science Advances, increases photoluminescence by about 10-fold and enhances catalytic activity.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have successfully developed a method for the catalytic asymmetric borylation of ketones, a breakthrough expected to facilitate the development of new medicines and functional chemicals. The team has identified a suitable catalyst element called chiral NHC complex for efficient reaction with diboron.
A team of researchers has developed improved tin electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction, which can increase the energy efficiency of the process. The study used computational quantum chemistry modeling to predict which dopant additives can enhance the conversion rate.
Researchers at KAUST developed a novel catalyst to split water efficiently in acidic conditions, paving the way for greener power sources. The molybdenum coating improves stability and prevents oxygen recombination, enabling longer-term hydrogen production.
A new, cheap catalyst has been invented to split water into oxygen and hydrogen using electricity. The catalyst, made of abundant non-precious metals like nickel and copper, is highly conductive and efficient, making it a promising solution for reducing the cost of producing clean hydrogen fuel.
EPFL scientists have developed an Earth-abundant catalyst to split carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon monoxide, producing liquid fuels from renewable sources. The catalyst achieved a high efficiency of 13.4% in converting CO2 to CO using solar energy.
Researchers have developed a new composite catalyst that reduces the use of rare earth elements, such as Cerium, in catalytic converters. The catalyst showed improved oxygen storage and release capabilities compared to traditional catalysts, providing better buffering effects during fuel-rich and lean exhaust conditions.
Researchers have designed a molecular system that incorporates individual components specialized for light absorption, charge separation, and catalysis into a single supramolecule. The seven-metal system with six Ru centers produces more hydrogen and remains stable for longer periods than the four-metal system with three Ru centers.
Researchers have discovered a crucial step in the water-splitting process, enabling the creation of clean solar fuels. The study reveals the characteristics of cobalt catalysts and their role in facilitating the formation of oxygen-oxygen bonds.
Researchers from Penn State and Florida State University have developed a new, industrially scalable catalyst that splits water into hydrogen with minimal external energy. The molybdenum disulfide alloy improves the efficiency of the process, enabling cheaper production of clean hydrogen fuel.
Researchers have developed a more energy-efficient catalytic process to produce olefins, which are crucial building blocks for polymer production. By analyzing carboranes' role in dehydration reactions, the team created linear relationships between energy input and alcohol characteristics.
Researchers developed a self-healing catalyst film that regenerates under water electrolysis conditions, enhancing hydrogen production efficiency. The film forms and regenerates through electrostatic attraction forces, allowing it to remain stable for several days.
Researchers at Nagoya University have developed a highly efficient catalyst that can break down even the toughest amide bonds in plastics under mild conditions. This breakthrough has significant implications for the recovery of materials from waste plastics and could help realize an anthropogenic chemical carbon cycle.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a vanadium catalyst that enhances the hydrogenation process, previously dominated by expensive precious metals. The breakthrough involves synthesizing vanadium in a unique configuration, demonstrating its catalytic activity.
Biological engineers at Utah State University have successfully decoded and reprogrammed fungal biosynthetic machinery to produce natural compounds with anti-cancer, anti-microbial and anti-cholesterol properties. The team has reproduced several bio-active compounds in engineered microbes, including beauvericin and bassianolide.
Physicists at the University of Houston have discovered a highly active and stable electrocatalyst produced from ferrous metaphosphate on a nickel foam platform, outperforming traditional catalysts in efficiency and affordability. The breakthrough could enable large-scale water splitting to produce hydrogen for clean energy.
Researchers have found a new method of microbial energy production called flavin-based electron bifurcation, which is an ancient form of energy generation and conservation. This mechanism allows organisms to generate two levels of energy from a single precursor compound, conserving wasted energy in the process.
Researchers created uniform 3.2 nm platinum-zinc particles with twice the catalytic activity per surface site, outperforming larger particles containing the same amount of platinum.
Researchers developed a new process to create graphene from ethene, using higher temperatures than previous methods. The technique could open up new applications for graphene due to its lower cost and simplicity.
Researchers have successfully developed a high-efficient, stable, and multifunctional Na-Fe3O4/HZSM-5 catalyst for direct production of gasoline from CO2 hydrogenation. The catalyst exhibited 78% selectivity to C5-C11 hydrocarbons under industrial conditions.
A new process produces hydrogen at room temperature without external heat, utilizing adsorption on a RuO2/Al2O3 catalyst to initiate reaction. This enables repeated production of H2 even without external heat supply, contributing to efficient carbon-free energy production.
Arizona State University has received a record 14 National Science Foundation early career faculty awards, with the Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering earning 10 awards. The awards are worth $7 million and will support research projects such as automated detection of computer network vulnerabilities and understanding heart attacks.
The team created a nanocatalyst that can perform four separate chemical reactions in one container to produce compounds useful in making a wide range of pharmaceutical products. The new catalyst reduces waste and uses more environmentally friendly solvents.
Researchers have developed a new method to produce butadiene, a key chemical component in plastics and rubber, from biomass-derived sugars. The process, called dehydra-decyclization, uses a novel catalyst to convert sugars into butadiene with high yield and selectivity.
A team of scientists has created a novel photothermocatalytic reaction that reduces CO2 to form useful carbon sources, opening new avenues for efficient CO2 conversion. The process utilizes powdered elemental boron as an all-in-one catalyst, light harvester, and hydrogen source.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed an organic catalyst that generates amino acid derivatives in high yields with precise stereochemical control. A slight structural change in the catalyst leads to inversion of a single stereocenter, enabling access to specific diastereomers.
A team of scientists has unlocked the secret of a gold-based catalyst that converts coal-derived acetylene to vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), a precursor to polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The catalyst, which employs atomically dispersed gold on a solid support, reduces toxic mercury pollution and enables environmentally friendly PVC production.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a predictive model for Ni cross-coupling success based on subtle steric differences in ligand parameters. The study found that remote steric hindrance enhances reaction yields, which could help explain why Pd-based ligands are less effective on the smaller Ni atom.
Researchers at Rice University have developed an artificial photosynthesis material that can split water into hydrogen and oxygen using sunlight. The catalyst, made from iron, manganese, and phosphorus, is efficient and easy to manufacture, paving the way for a clean renewable source of hydrogen fuel.
Researchers from Brookhaven National Laboratory have identified the active site in a commonly used catalyst for making methanol from CO2. They found that copper zinc oxide should give the best results, with a synergy between copper and zinc oxide accelerating the chemical transformation.
Researchers created a new family of organocatalysts that can be 'switched on' using purple LEDs, mimicking human vision's colorful light-sensitive molecule formation. The novel approach enables the formation of single-handed isomers with improved therapeutic profiles and reduced environmental impact.
Scientists create a more environmentally friendly way to produce vanillin by encapsulating copper-aluminum hydrotalcite in silica. The new process eliminates the need for polluting hydrochloric acid and allows for catalyst reuse.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a nanofiber catalyst that improves the efficiency of rechargeable batteries and hydrogen production. The new catalyst, made from double perovskite nanofibers, shows significantly enhanced oxygen evolution reaction capability compared to existing materials.
The OU professor's research will integrate with educational and outreach programs for American Indian students, emphasizing the importance of sustainable energy. The study aims to quantify the role of catalytically active sites in biomass conversion processes.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have developed a versatile molecule-building tool to create new drugs and chemical products by modifying difficult-to-access sites on target molecules. The new template, which anchors reversibly to heterocycle backbones, eliminates reaction steps and is required in small quantities.
A Washington State University research team has developed a more efficient catalytic reaction to convert methane into useful products, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and energy waste. The innovation could lead to significant energy savings in the oil and gas industry.
Scientists have developed a new method to remove nearly all sulfur compounds from gas and diesel fuel, potentially reducing air pollution. The technique uses a potassium salt to induce chemical reactions that eliminate sulfur, outperforming traditional methods in industrial-scale applications.
Researchers at Duke University developed tiny rhodium nanoparticles that convert carbon dioxide into methane using ultraviolet light, potentially reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The discovery offers a promising alternative energy source and could be scaled up for industrial applications.
Researchers are discovering new, eco-friendly catalysts in unexpected places, such as earthworm powder and plants that absorb high levels of metals from soil and water. This shift could reduce traditional animal and plant sources, decrease mining waste, and create more sustainable production methods for medicines, fuels, and electronics.
Researchers have successfully delivered a gold catalyst to a target organ in a mouse, enabling in vivo metal-complex catalysis. This innovation paves the way for potential biomedical applications, including therapy and diagnostics.
Chemical engineers and chemists at Pitt and Penn State create a system that utilizes chemical reactions to drive fluid flow, enabling controllable transport of particles and cells. This breakthrough could lead to rapid and efficient chemical assays.
Researchers from IBS and Peking University demonstrate how to synthesize horizontal arrays of CNTs with the same structure. The team successfully produces conducting (12, 6) and semiconducting (8, 4) CNTs with high selectivity and purity.
Researchers have developed a new ruthenium-based material, Ru@c?N, that can split water into hydrogen with high efficiency and durability. The catalyst exhibits high turnover frequency and is not affected by the pH of the water, making it suitable for various environments.
Researchers at Rice University have created single-molecule compounds that quench damaging reactive oxygen species, offering a new basis for antioxidant therapies. The molecules, called PEG-PDI, are true mimics of superoxide dismutase enzymes and show promise for treating cancer, traumatic brain injuries, and chronic diseases.
Researchers developed a novel strategy to synthesize various metal-organic materials, including double-shell hollow MOMs. This approach enables control over particle sizes and shapes, critical for optimizing porous material performance in catalysis, adsorption, and separation processes.
Researchers at MIT and Boston College developed a new type of catalyst that can incorporate trifluoromethyl groups into various organic molecules. This breakthrough enables the rapid generation of potential new fluorinated drugs, including antibiotics and anticancer agents.
A team of UNIST researchers has developed a new method to enhance the catalytic activity of provskite, a potential substitute for platinum in metal-air batteries. By physically mixing provskite with polypyrrole, they were able to achieve a synergistic effect that rivals that of platinum.
Researchers at the University of Huddersfield have developed an efficient iron-catalysed C-C bond-forming spirocyclization cascade, providing access to new 3D heterocyclic frameworks. This breakthrough could lead to huge economic gains in pharmaceuticals and agrichemicals.
Researchers explore electrocatalysis to transform atmospheric molecules into useful products, such as hydrogen and chemicals, for a sustainable future. Effective catalysts are needed to drive the process, but advancements in theory and experiments hold promise.
A special issue of Energy Technology showcases recent advances in pyrolysis technologies, which convert biomass into fuels, chemicals and fertilizers. Iowa State research teams led by Brown and Brent Shanks contributed papers to the issue, exploring topics such as micropyrolyzer equipment and bio-oil processing.
Researchers directly observed how metallic nanoparticles activate catalytic processes by identifying defect sites on the surface of single particles. These findings validate a longstanding hypothesis and provide insights into controlling catalyst reactivity.
A team of researchers at Berkeley Lab used a unique infrared probe to pinpoint areas on single metallic particles where chemical reactivity occurs. This technique reveals the detailed chemistry occurring on the surface of particles, enabling customization of structural properties for more effective catalysis.