Articles tagged with Electron Transfer
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A new study refutes a long-standing explanation for low energy efficiency in lithium-ion batteries, suggesting that voltage hysteresis is caused by reversible electron transfer between oxygen and transition metal atoms. This phenomenon could be mitigated through manipulation of electron transfer barriers.
A study from KAUST found that interface and bandgap engineering can significantly slow down the relaxation of 'hot' electrons in semiconductors, increasing their lifetimes. This innovation has potential applications in solar cells, which could improve efficiency by reducing heat loss.
Researchers discovered a massive enzyme complex in methanogenic archaea that directly transfers electrons from electron bifurcation to CO2 reduction, increasing efficiency. This finding may lead to sustainable biotechnological development and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a novel electrocatalyst that can effectively produce hydrogen and oxygen from water at low cost. The catalyst, composed of transition metal phosphates, achieves high surface area and fast charge transfer, making it suitable for commercial on-site production of hydrogen.
Researchers at NC State re-examined birnessite's behavior, finding that nanoconfined interlayer structural water mitigates ion interactions, enabling an intermediate adsorption mechanism. This leads to capacitive behavior without significant structural change.
Researchers at Kanazawa University developed a chemical reaction that cleaves the bond between an aryl halide and the halogen atom using an organic catalyst with low environmental impact. The process generates an aryl radical, which can be used for organic syntheses and further reactions.
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have detected a previously unknown quantum effect in metal clusters, where electrons exhibit behavior similar to classical particles. The team's findings contradict previous predictions and suggest that decoherence suppresses interferences, leading to almost classical distributions.
Researchers at FAU have discovered a new class of magnesium complexes in which the metal has a zero-oxidation state, forming elemental Mg in complex compounds. This discovery represents a landmark in the chemistry of magnesium and opens up new avenues for research into its unusual reactivity.
Researchers have experimentally confirmed that magnetic graphene can generate large spin signals and transfer spin information over long distances. This discovery paves the way for the development of ultra-compact 2D spin-logic devices with strong spin-polarization, promising high-speed and energy-saving electronics.
Researchers developed a new method to generate syngas from biopolyols using photocatalytic biomass conversion at room temperature, exhibiting high efficiency and selectivity. The catalyst featuring surface sulfate ions increased electron-proton transfer, promoting syngas production with 9-fold higher CO generation rate.
Scientists have observed unusually fast picosecond electron transfer in peptides mediated by hydrogen bonds, a rate 1 million times faster than previously known. This discovery has the potential to improve chemical transformations, energy conversion, electronic devices, and photonic technologies.
Researchers observed complete atomic structure of MnSOD and tracked proton movements using neutron scattering, revealing cyclic proton transfers between amino acids and solvent molecules. The findings open avenue for studying other electron-transfer enzymes.
Researchers found that a previously overlooked phenomenon in chemical reactions can boost efficiency and reduce waste. The discovery, led by University of Illinois researcher David Flaherty, involves the formation of an organic residue that acts as a surface redox mediator, increasing reaction rates and hydrogen peroxide production.
A novel photocatalyst developed by City University of Hong Kong turns carbon dioxide into methane fuel selectively and effectively using sunlight. The catalyst, made from copper-based materials, produces almost double the quantity of methane compared to previous methods.
Scientists at University of Münster have successfully synthesized the least accessible form of vicinal aminoalcohols using a photo-initiated reaction method. This breakthrough enables the efficient production of high-quality organic compounds found in everyday products, with potential applications in pharmaceuticals and natural products.
Researchers from Princeton University's Scholes Group discovered quantum vibrations play a crucial role in ultrafast electron transfer reactions. The study uses ultrafast laser spectroscopy to show that vibrations provide channels for the reaction to occur, and an extra vibrational wavepacket appears in the product state.
Researchers at UVA School of Engineering have challenged the traditional heat transfer paradigm in semiconductor design. They discovered a new mechanism called ballistic thermal injection that allows for independent optimization of optical, electrical, and thermal behavior without impacting device performance.
Researchers at University of Oldenburg develop complex molecular compound with high electron capacity, revealing new understanding of charge storage in metal centres. The model molecule functions as a 'mini segment of an energy storage material', paving the way for future design elements in molecular catalysts.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding the ultrafast motion of atoms and electrons, with implications for controlling materials through light. By observing the distortion of molecular structures and electron transfer, researchers can now distinguish between atomic motion and electronic dynamics.
A new device can detect antibiotic-resistant bacteria in just five hours by measuring naturally occurring electron transfers. The device, developed by Binghamton University researchers, has the potential to serve as an important point-of-care diagnostic tool in areas with limited resources.
Organic solar cell efficiencies are limited by electron affinity and ionization energy offsets. Researchers discovered that Förster resonance energy transfer competes with electron transfer, hindering charge separation. The team plans to design new materials with enhanced charge generation and reduced energy losses.
Scientists have discovered a novel electroactive bacterium, Desulfuromonas acetexigens, that preferentially grows on modified electrodes, producing higher current densities than existing species. This breakthrough could enable energy-neutral wastewater treatment using microbial electrolysis cells.
A new model describes optical properties of high-density plasma, accurately predicting experimental results and outperforming previous models. The generalized Quasi Independent Particle (QUIP) model takes into account plasma microfield inhomogeneity, making it suitable for high-density plasma.
Researchers used picosecond time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to study electron transfer between gold and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. They found two electrons transferred from gold to titanium dioxide, with only one in 1,000 photons generating an electron-hole pair.
Researchers at NC State University have developed a new method for producing polymer gel objects from pure monomer solutions using low-energy, visible light. This process has the potential to overcome current challenges in producing these materials and sheds light on the ways in which low energy photons can combine to produce high ener...
Hydrogenases can convert hydrogen efficiently like platinum catalysts. A team from Ruhr-Universität Bochum found that proton and electron transfers take place spatially separated but are coupled, crucial for efficiency. This discovery may lead to more efficient miniaturized hydrogenase catalysts.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology used machine-learning-based methods to simulate interface properties of hybrid materials. They found that molecules in the system change their structure rather than undergoing long-range charge transfer, refuting earlier theories.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have discovered a bacterium that produces materials with potential applications in electronics, electrochemical energy storage and drug-delivery devices. The study found that Shewanella oneidensis can create novel materials like molybdenum disulfide, which can transfer electrons easily.
Researchers developed a new strategy to boost photocatalytic CO2 reduction by improving photosensitization ability of Ru-based PSs. The study found that adjusting excited state population and lifetime can significantly enhance sensitizing ability, with Ru-3 showing over 17 times higher sensitizing ability than typical Ru-1.
Researchers discovered that anammox bacteria can transfer electrons to solid-state matter outside their cells, bypassing traditional electron acceptors. This breakthrough has significant implications for sustainable wastewater treatment, energy production, and the global nitrogen cycle.
Researchers from Basel and Bochum have experimentally confirmed the radiative Auger process in quantum dots, a crucial step for quantum communication. This discovery allows for precise determination of quantum mechanical energy levels, enabling better understanding of quantum systems.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed an organic electrochemical transistor to study extracellular electron transfer in bacteria. They successfully detect and amplify the signal, allowing for detailed analysis of charge release by bacteria.
A theoretical study found that defects in graphene can increase charge transfer rates by an order of magnitude, selectively catalyzing electron transfer to certain reagents. This property has great potential for developing efficient electrochemical sensors and electrocatalysts.
Researchers from RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science have successfully measured the spin of an electron in a silicon quantum dot without altering its state. This breakthrough enables the development of fault-tolerant quantum computers, which can perform complex calculations efficiently.
Scientists have discovered a new microscopic process called optical intersite spin transport (OISTR) that allows light to trigger a displacement of electrons between atoms, influencing the local magnetization. This process is accompanied by a leveling of electron reservoirs and can be tailored by bringing together specific types of atoms.
Researchers at Argonne and Washington University have discovered an engineered version of a protein complex that enables the switch between two possible electron transfer pathways, opening up new opportunities for designing more efficient light-driven biochemical reactions. This breakthrough has significant implications for improving h...
Researchers created an artificial electron transfer system by modifying a protein from bacteria, which can be used to produce medicines and biofuels. The system works by guiding electrons through short 'pit stops' made of heme molecules, allowing for more efficient energy transfer.
A research team from UK and Germany has successfully recorded the dynamic behavior of a metal-metal bond in dirhenium molecules at the atomic scale. The breakthrough uses transmission electron microscopy to film the 'walking' of atoms along a nanotube, revealing changes in bond length and strength.
Researchers have observed the ultrafast formation and breakdown of the water ion created when water is exposed to ionizing radiation. This reaction occurs in just 50 femtoseconds and leads to the creation of highly reactive radicals that can damage biological tissue.
Researchers have developed a new technique to study electron behavior in atomic bonds using resonant x-ray reflectivity. This method allows for the measurement of individual elements' contributions to their shared bond, providing insights into the degree of covalent and ionic bonding.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have made a breakthrough in understanding the interaction between light and matter, revealing how linear momentum is transferred to electrons during ionisation. The study found that the timing of electron 'birth' affects momentum transfer, with additional delays induced by interactions with residual ions.
Scientists at DOE/Ames National Laboratory have found a broad diffraction pattern in high-quality graphene samples, indicating defect-free and uniform layers of atoms. This discovery enables the reliable identification of structurally perfect graphene, a crucial step towards optimizing its properties for various applications.
Researchers at Goethe University use new super COLTRIMS apparatus to measure minuscule effect on photon momentum. They find electrons receive unexpected additional momentum from magnetic fields, altering tunneling in strong-field ionization.
Researchers demonstrate a method of transferring the state of electrons, a crucial step towards creating effective quantum computers. This achievement brings scientists one step closer to unlocking the full potential of quantum computing.
A new method using multiple high-energy laser beamlets accelerates electrons to incredibly fast speeds, improving energy transfer efficiency. This technique can aid laboratory astrophysics and cancer therapy research, enabling more powerful X-ray and ion generation.
A multinational team successfully alters oxygen atoms' charge states and achieves reversible conversion to molecular oxygen using Kelvin probe force spectroscopy. The researchers found that controlled bonding between adjacent oxygen atoms can be induced remotely via surface polarons.
Researchers have generated free electrons from organic semiconductors using a single atomic layer of molybdenum disulfide. This breakthrough enables the development of general principles for designing interfaces that can turn light into electrical current with high efficiency.
Researchers have designed a new power generator that uses Prussian blue to extract electricity from seawater. The system can switch between two modes of operation, providing both long-term steady power and high power density for tasks such as underwater device operation.
Scientists created an EDLT device to control electron numbers and transfer energy, achieving superconducting states in both increasing and decreasing electron numbers. The system exhibited fundamentally different conditions for these states, with another superconducting state emerging when the substrate was bent.
Researchers have developed an enzyme-like heterogeneous TiO2 photocatalyst with high catalytic activity for hydrogen production. The catalyst's unique enzymatic characteristics enable it to efficiently convert light energy into H2, rivaling the performance of expensive Pt-TiO2 photocatalysts.
Researchers at Kanazawa University have developed a novel metal-free catalyst to convert aldehydes into ketones, a crucial step in synthesizing pharmaceuticals. The new process enables the rapid synthesis of ketones with bulky substituents, accelerating drug discovery.
A team of UFZ researchers has discovered an archaeon that oxidises ethane, a major component of natural gas, on the seabed. The single-celled organism, Candidatus Argoarchaeum ethanivorans, was found to degrade ethane into carbon dioxide through a unique metabolic pathway.
Researchers at Lund University have achieved a more efficient transfer of electrical current from bacteria to electrodes, paving the way for potential use in biofuel cells and other energy applications. The discovery also sheds light on how bacteria communicate with their surroundings, including other molecules and each other.
Researchers used electron accelerators to generate free radicals in water molecules, allowing them to study the damaging effects on biomolecules. This method provides a valuable tool for understanding naturally occurring antioxidants and proteins like vitamin C, with implications for developing new medications to prevent cell damage.
Researchers have found a way to transfer electrons between proteins without direct contact, contradicting existing evidence and enabling better understanding of protein behavior and energy dysfunctions in diseases.
Scientists have created a new way to generate electricity using light, which operates at speeds 5,000 times faster than current computers. The 'interatomic light rectifier' uses the interaction between atoms to produce directed electric currents.
The study reveals that holes form a magnetic state in cuprates, stabilizing the antiferromagnetic state and increasing with doping. This process is believed to be responsible for high-temperature superconductivity in these materials.
Scientists explore the property of electrons' spin to develop faster, smaller and more energy-efficient information technology. Researchers from Linköping University propose a device concept that can efficiently transfer electron spin to light at room temperature using gallium nitrogen arsenide nanopillars.
Scientists discovered that hundreds of bacteria, including pathogenic and probiotic species, generate electricity in the human gut. This discovery could lead to new ways to create living batteries from microbes, such as those found in waste treatment plants.
Researchers at UC Riverside successfully used electric dipoles to accelerate electron transfer in one direction while suppressing it in the other. This breakthrough could lead to improved solar cells and energy-conversion devices.