Articles tagged with Electron Transfer
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Princeton University have made a breakthrough in creating a working quantum computer by developing a method to quickly and reliably transfer quantum information. This achievement enables the creation of larger systems with millions of qubits, solving problems that cannot be solved with conventional computers.
A new study suggests that the shape and vibrational characteristics of odorant molecules play a crucial role in our ability to detect different smells. Researchers found that the vibrations of an odorant molecule's chemical bonds contribute to electron transfer, which sends signals to the receptor, enhancing detection.
Researchers used ultrafast X-rays to observe electron transfer in iron oxide nanoparticles, shedding light on the environmental impact of rust. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient solar cells and a better understanding of contaminant remediation efforts.
Researchers at the University of Washington have discovered a new aspect of chemical reactions on metal oxide surfaces that could lead to more efficient energy systems. The new perspective proposes coupling electrons and protons, which could help reduce energy barriers in technologies such as solar cells and hydrogen fuel cells.
Researchers at TUM have developed a molecular switch with a surface area of one square nanometer, controlled by transferring protons within a porphyrin ring. The switch can be set to four distinct states and operated up to 500 times per second.
Researchers at Cambridge University have developed a technique to transfer quantum information by controlling individual electrons in Gallium Arsenide. This innovation has the potential to enable faster and more efficient processing in quantum computers, addressing complex problems beyond classical computers' capabilities.
Researchers develop surface-based assembly method to produce promising power sources with controlled electron transfer rates. By varying particle size and linker length, they enhance electron transfer rate and suppress fluctuations, leading to stable charge generation.
Researchers have discovered that smaller quantum dots can increase the efficiency of solar panels by generating multiple excitons from a single photon of light. This breakthrough has significant implications for commercial realizations of multiple-exciton generation (MEG) technology.
Researchers at UMass Amherst have identified a new cooperative behavior in anaerobic bacteria, allowing microorganisms to form direct electrical connections and pass electrons. This discovery has significant implications for the global carbon cycle and bioenergy production.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have designed an electrical link to living cells, allowing for the transfer of electrons across a cell membrane. This breakthrough could yield cells that can read and respond to electronic signals, leading to new biotechnologies such as self-replicating solar batteries and more efficient energy production.
Researchers used femtosecond X-ray powder diffraction to observe the relocation of charges in an ammonium sulfate crystal after photoexcitation. The technique produces a 'molecular movie' of atomic movement at atomic time and length scales.
Chemists at the University of Texas at Austin have discovered a new way to pass electrons between molecules, leading to the development of high-powered organic batteries. The system could be used to create artificial photosynthesis and store more energy than conventional batteries.
Researchers from Germany and the US developed a new synthesis paradigm for efficient hydrogen generation. The team found that the light wavelength used in the process affects its efficiency, with redder light resulting in better outcomes.
Researchers found that amino acid residues form a barrier to help electron transfer by keeping water molecules away from the bridge, reducing the rate of transfer. This discovery provides fundamental insight into biochemical reactions and has potential applications in genetically modified organisms.
Researchers have developed a unique core and shell nanoparticle that uses far less platinum yet performs more efficiently and lasts longer than commercially available pure-platinum catalysts. The new catalyst generates 12 times more current than existing models, offering a promising advance in fuel-cell technology.
Scientists at TUM developed a novel method to observe local movements in proteins on a time scale of nanoseconds to microseconds. They found two structures of the villin protein that were previously undistinguishable from one another, with different dynamic properties.
Researchers at Arizona State University and Max Planck Institute have discovered how light initiates electron transfer in the photosystem I reaction center. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient artificial photosynthetic devices, providing a clean source of renewable fuel.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have developed a fuel cell that extracts electrons from glucose and other carbohydrates, utilizing a common weed killer as a catalyst. The technology has shown a 29% conversion rate, paving the way for more efficient and commercially viable applications.
Researchers have found a candidate quantum bit in diamond that can sense atomic-scale variations in magnetism, hinting at the possibility of MRI-like devices for probing individual drug molecules and living cells. This technology could sidestep the need for cooling, making it suitable for medical applications.
Researchers have discovered a strain of bacteria with pilin proteins that can conduct electricity, leading to increased power output in microbial fuel cells. This breakthrough could enable the use of microbial fuel cells in remote environments and monitoring devices, such as ocean floor sensors, to convert waste into electricity.
Researchers developed a new process to capture light energy with nearly equal efficiency by connecting molecular wires to biological photosynthetic systems. This approach improves the transfer of electrons, achieving high quantum yields similar to natural photosynthesis.
Researchers successfully stored and retrieved information using the nucleus of an atom, demonstrating a single atomic nucleus as quantum computational memory. The breakthrough enables faster processing speeds and longer memory times for quantum computing.
Scientists developed a new method to control and image individual fluorescent electron transfer molecules, revealing mavericks that shine when they shouldn't. This study aims to better understand electron transfer reactions central to photosynthesis and biofuel production.
Biological electron transfer has been captured for the first time in real time by researchers at the University of Helsinki. The discovery could lead to significant medical advancements, particularly in understanding mitochondrial diseases caused by Complex I dysfunction.
A team of researchers at Arizona State University has gained critical insights into a promising microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology using bacteria to generate electricity. The MFC can handle various water-based organic fuels, making it a viable option for wastewater treatment and energy production.
Researchers design catalysts inspired by photosynthesis to produce fuels directly from carbon dioxide or water using renewable solar energy. They also reveal a jumpstart in organic electron transfer that could lead to technological advances in small-scale circuits for improving solar cells.
A new discovery by a University of Missouri-Columbia research team allows scientists to manipulate molecules to give them metal-like properties, creating a new pseudo-element. This 'pseudo-metal' can be adjusted for various uses and may change the way scientists think about attacking disease or building electronics.
Professor Bittner received the prestigious Guggenheim Fellowship to study quantum dynamics in molecular electronic devices at Cambridge University. He is the first UH scientist named as a fellow in 18 years and joins an illustrious group of past recipients including Linus Pauling.
Scientists have built an artificial version of the enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), which is crucial for generating energy in the body. The new model has shed light on the causes of cancer and may lead to breakthroughs in alternative energy production.
Van Voorhis is developing methods to simulate electron transfer and improve the efficiency of devices such as LEDs and optical displays. His research aims to create a larger portion of energy storage in artificial photosynthesis, potentially leading to more efficient solar energy storage.
Researchers created a new process for free radical polymerization, the chemical reaction responsible for creating everyday plastic products. The new method takes place at room temperature, uses less metal catalyst and allows for greater control over molecular architecture.
Researchers are developing models to understand electronic interactions in molecular systems, which could lead to more efficient energy production. By predicting the probability of electron transfer, scientists aim to design new technologies such as improved solar cells.
A Virginia Tech student is selected to meet with Nobel laureates to discuss his research on bioremediation using bacteria-mineral interaction. The study aims to understand the fundamental reactions that dictate how bacteria interact with minerals, potentially leading to a safe and cost-effective means of environmental remediation.
Researchers discover bacteria can transfer electrons through biofilms using conductive protein filaments, increasing power production. Genetically engineered bacteria can ferment cellulose biomass to ethanol with high yield.
Dr. Elliott's CAREER award supports his work in developing cross-cutting curricula and high-risk investigations of biological electron transfer reactions in microbes.
A team of researchers has created a single-molecule diode that could revolutionize computer chip design. The device is only a few tens of atoms in size and has the potential to replace silicon in computer chips, allowing for more powerful and smaller computers.
Researchers discovered that a small cluster of water molecules can facilitate electron transfer between proteins, contrary to expectations. At intermediate distances, the water molecules play a crucial role in mediating electron tunneling, making it stronger than previously thought.
Researchers discovered Geobacter's ability to transfer electrons outside cells through microbial nanowires. These ultrafine conductive structures could enable mini-power grids and nano-manufacturing.
Two dozen researchers from 16 institutions will participate in three- to-five-year studies on membrane proteins in cyanobacteria and subsurface metal-reducing bacteria. These projects aim to advance knowledge on microbial interactions with their environment, leading to potential applications in groundwater remediation and energy genera...
Scientists at Brookhaven Lab are developing a promising radiation therapy technique called microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) that effectively destroys tumors in animal models while sparing normal brain tissue. Researchers have also made advancements in computer calculations and molecular electronics.
A new device developed by Northwestern University uses a hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor to remove perchlorate and nitrate from contaminated water. The system exploits the natural biochemical process of electron transfer, reducing contaminants to harmless substances.
Argonne chemist Thurnauer has made a laboratory version of an energy 'pump' that keeps negatively charged electrons away from positively charged holes. This technology could be used to chemically neutralize toxic compounds, such as hazardous waste, through controlled electron movement.
Researchers have found a way to use a single photon to initiate the transfer of two electrons in a photochemical reaction, offering greater efficiency. The long-lived charge separation appears to last for several minutes, which is longer than usual.
Researchers at the University of Washington have made significant progress in understanding how hydrogen atoms are transferred between molecules, a key step in creating new compounds. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient manufacturing methods, cleaner product development, and improved chemical reactions.
The researchers designed and made a rotaxane-based nano motor powered by sunlight, which operates according to a four-stroke cycle. The system works continuously without consuming chemical fuels or generating waste.
Biological molecules move electrons through proximity alone, with redox centers no more than 14 angstroms apart. This finding simplifies the design of new biologically active molecules for drug development.
Research at Northwestern University and Argonne National Laboratory reveals DNA's limitations as a molecular material. Despite carrying electrons, the rate of electron transfer falls off quickly with distance, rendering it unsuitable for practical applications.