Winter is coming ... to Titan's south pole
Researchers observe massive polar cloud at Titan's south pole, composed of hydrogen cyanide ice, and conclude that the upper atmosphere must have cooled by over 50 degrees in less than a year.
Hydrogen
Articles tagged with Hydrogen
Hydrogen powers important nitrogen-transforming bacteria
Scientists have discovered that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria can use hydrogen as a source of energy, enabling them to grow independently of nitrite and expand their ecological niche. This finding has significant implications for understanding the global nitrogen cycle and the ecology of these important microorganisms.
What lit up the universe?
Researchers from UCL and collaborators aim to determine whether numerous small galaxies or rare quasars produce more ultraviolet light. A forthcoming survey will analyze detailed measurements of a million distant quasars to map the neutral hydrogen gas in the universe, revealing its history.
Flexible tapes from the nanoworld
Researchers at Technical University of Munich successfully assembled chains of up to 90 porphine units using a silver surface, opening doors for the development of ordered long molecular structures. These 'tapes' have potential applications in electronic devices and data storage.
NIST therapy for ultraviolet laser beams: Hydrogen-treated fibers
Researchers at NIST have created hydrogen-treated optical fibers that can transmit stable, high-power ultraviolet laser light for hundreds of hours. The fibers were infused with hydrogen gas and cured with ultraviolet light to reduce errors in logic operations in quantum computing experiments.
RUB chemists develop novel catalyst with 2 functions
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a new type of catalyst that can facilitate two opposite reactions: electrolysis of water and combustion of hydrogen with oxygen. This catalyst has the potential to make regenerative fuel cells and rechargeable metal-air batteries more cost-efficient.
More California gas stations can provide H2 than previously thought, Sandia study says
A study by Sandia National Laboratories reveals that existing California gas stations can safely store and dispense hydrogen. The research examined 70 commercial gasoline stations and found that 14 could readily accept hydrogen fuel, while 17 more possibly could with property expansions.
Managing specialized microbes to clean stubborn chemicals from the environment
Unique groups of microbes, known as Dehalococcoides, can convert hazardous chlorinated chemicals like TCE into ethene, a benign end product. However, they may stall at this stage, producing toxic intermediates. New research proposes that microbes are out-competed for hydrogen, a necessary electron donor, causing the breakdown to fail.
Water in moon rocks provides clues and questions about lunar history
New analysis of Moon rocks indicates regional variations in water content, providing insights into lunar formation and crust cooling processes. The study suggests that the Moon's water may have originated from both Earth and comets/asteroids, with implications for understanding the source of Earth's water.
Supernova caught in the act by palomar transient factory
The Palomar Transient Factory successfully observed a supernova exploding in real-time, providing unique spectral features that suggest its progenitor was a nitrogen-rich Wolf-Rayet star. This discovery will aid in understanding massive star evolution and identifying potential supernova precursors.
A new solution for storing hydrogen fuel for alternative energy
Scientists have developed a novel solid storage material that can efficiently store hydrogen, a clean fuel alternative to fossil fuels. The new material packs a large amount of hydrogen in a stable and safe way, overcoming one of the key technological challenges of storing hydrogen.
A tale of survival
Shortfin molly fish populations have evolved genetic changes that enable them to thrive in hydrogen sulphide-rich springs. The adaptations involve changes in the cox1 and cox3 genes, allowing the fish to maintain COX activity under high H2S concentrations.
NASA sounding rocket to study interplanetary medium
The Hydrogen Polarimetric Explorer mission will measure the nature of interplanetary hydrogen, providing insights into the size and shape of the heliosphere and its interactions with the local interstellar medium. The sounding rocket's results will be combined with other NASA missions to improve models of the heliospheric boundary.
Low-cost, hydrogen-powered forklifts with rapid refueling, zero emissions coming soon
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories are developing a solid-state hydrogen storage system that can refuel forklifts in under three minutes, compared to hours of recharging. This technology has the potential to revolutionize the clean forklift market, offering direct cost savings and reduced expenses.
Sunlight generates hydrogen in new porous silicon
Researchers at Penn State have developed a method to manufacture porous silicon using solar energy, which can generate hydrogen from water when exposed to sunlight. The material's high surface area and nanoscale size enable it to act as an effective catalyst, aiding in the production of hydrogen gas.
Researchers discover how soils control atmospheric hydrogen
Soil bacteria, such as Mycobacterium smegmatis, use enzymes to efficiently scavenge hydrogen from the atmosphere, ramping up activity when carbon-based energy sources are scarce. This discovery has implications for understanding global climate processes and developing new catalysts for hydrogen fuel cells.
UNC researchers harness sun's energy during day for use at night
Researchers have built a system that converts the sun's energy into hydrogen fuel and stores it for later use, allowing for nighttime power. The 'solar fuels' system uses natural photosynthesis as inspiration and has the potential to be a major piece of the puzzle for a solar energy future.
Unusual greenhouse gases may have raised ancient Martian temperature
A team of researchers suggests that molecular hydrogen, in addition to carbon dioxide and water, could have created a greenhouse effect on Mars 3.8 billion years ago, raising temperatures high enough for liquid water to flow.
Rice University method gives accurate picture of gas storage by microscopic cages
A new computational method at Rice University accurately predicts the adsorption of gases by porous zeolites, enabling labs to screen potential materials before expensive experiments. The method could aid in developing fuels that meet Department of Energy standards and improve zeolite properties.
Hubble catches stellar explosions in NGC 6984
Astronomers observed two nearby supernovae, SN 2012im and SN 2013ek, in spiral galaxy NGC 6984 using NASA's Hubble space telescope. The recent image reveals the second star that has exploded, forming a new Type Ib supernova visible near the center of the galaxy.
UT, Texas A&M astronomers discover universe's most distant galaxy
Researchers detect z8_GND_5296 galaxy using Hubble Space Telescope data, revealing universe's earliest conditions. The discovery sheds light on the era when the universe transitioned from opaque to translucent state.
Laying down a discerning membrane
Researchers at the University of South Carolina have developed a graphene oxide membrane less than 2 nanometers thick with high permeation selectivity between hydrogen and carbon dioxide gas molecules. The team's method allows for uniform coverage without inter-flake leaks, enabling thinner membranes that can efficiently separate gases.
Size matters in nanocrystals' ability to adsorb/release gases
Researchers at Vanderbilt University developed a new method to measure nanocrystals' adsorption and release of hydrogen and other gases. The technique revealed that the size of nanocrystals has a stronger effect on the rate of gas adsorption and release than previously expected, with smaller particles absorbing more gas faster.
How does hydrogen metallize?
New calculations predict hydrogen takes on a series of structures under high pressure, forming transparent metal layers that make detection difficult. The findings suggest the line between metal and non-metal in hydrogen is blurrier than previously thought, requiring advanced experimental techniques to detect.
Concerted proton hopping in water
Researchers analyze proton diffusion mechanism using theoretical calculations, finding that protons hop quickly between water molecules, followed by rest periods. The discovery may be relevant to enzymes and macromolecules, improving understanding of proton transfer in aqueous systems.
Too green to be true? Researchers develop highly effective method for converting CO2 into methanol
A new method for converting CO2 into methanol has been developed by Université Laval researchers. The catalyst is made of two chemical groups and produces little waste, making it more effective than previous methods.
Stacking up a clearer picture of the universe
Astronomers use a new stacking technique to detect faint signals from distant galaxies, revealing crucial information about the amount of hydrogen they contain. This technique allows for the detection of ancient galaxies and provides insights into the evolution of the Universe.
Hubble maps 3-D structure of ejected material around erupting star
Astronomers used Hubble to observe light from the close double-star system T Pyxidis during its latest outburst in April 2011. The team assembled a 3-D map of the structure around the nova, revealing a disk-shaped debris disk populated with fast-moving ejecta.
Key hydrogen report now available on OpenEnergyInfo wiki site
The Technical Reference on Hydrogen Compatibility of Materials offers detailed information on the effects of hydrogen on various materials, including steel, aluminum, copper, and nickel alloys. This report helps industry target and develop components with fewer compatibility issues, potentially accelerating the timetable for the hydrog...
Water on moon, Earth have a common source
Scientists discover that water on the Moon's mantle originated from primitive meteorites, not comets, raising questions about the formation of the Moon. The findings also suggest that most of the water on Earth comes from the same source.
Construction begins on Canada's largest radio telescope
The new telescope, with a 100m x 100m collecting area, will scan half of the sky daily and synthesize an image of the sky nearly one billion times per second. The CHIME telescope aims to map a quarter of the observable universe, helping scientists understand the history of the Universe and dark energy's role in its expansion.
Fusion helped by collision science
Researchers applied Deutsch–Märk and Binary-Encounter-Bethe methods to beryllium and its derivatives. The calculations provide improved understanding of electron impact ionization cross sections (EICS) for the ITER fusion chamber.
UIC scientists find ancient microbes in salty, ice-sealed Antarctic lake
Scientists have found metabolically active bacteria in the brine of an Antarctic lake sealed under ice for over 2,800 years. The discovery provides new boundary conditions on life's limits and suggests that chemical reactions between the brine and underlying sediment generate energy for microbes.
Transforming 'noise' into mechanical energy at nanometric level
Scientists harness Stocastic Resonance to convert electric energy into mechanical motion in a molecule of hydrogen. This breakthrough enables design of artificial molecules with controlled oscillation.
Martian history: Finding a common denominator with Earth's
Researchers studying Martian meteorites found that the planet formed from similar building blocks to those of Earth. However, the composition of water on Mars differs significantly from that of Earth, suggesting a distinct geologic history. The study provides new insights into the origin and evolution of water on the Red Planet.
Living power cables discovered
Multicellular bacteria have been found to function as living power cables, transmitting electrons across large distances as part of their respiration and ingestion processes. The discovery reveals a previously unknown type of long, multicellular bacteria that act as biological power cables.
Three materials could hold the key to future hydrogen cars
Researchers are exploring three materials - magnesium borohydride, ammonia borane, and alkanes - that could be used to create a safe and efficient hydrogen storage solution. Hydrogen has great promise as an alternative fuel due to its abundance and energy content.
Solving the stink from sewers
A new study at the International Water Association Conference has made significant breakthroughs in reducing sewer gas emissions. The treatment, called Cloevis, uses a magic mix of chemicals to stop 99% of hydrogen sulphide emitted from sewers, significantly decreasing bad smells and their impact on corroding pipes.
Novel nano-structures to realize hydrogen's energy potential
Scientists at UNSW have developed a nano-structure that can store and release hydrogen, paving the way for practical applications in fuel cells and vehicles. The breakthrough uses sodium borohydride nanoparticles encased in nickel shells, demonstrating improved thermodynamic and kinetic properties.
New fuel cell keeps going after the hydrogen runs out
Materials scientists at Harvard University have developed a solid-oxide fuel cell that can store electrochemical energy like a battery, allowing it to continue producing power for a short time after its fuel has run out. This innovation has significant implications for small-scale, portable energy applications, such as unmanned aerial ...
Astronomers spy 2 planets in tight quarters as they orbit a distant star
A research team has discovered two planets, Kepler-36b and Kepler-36c, in an orbital tug-of-war as they orbit the same star about 1,200 light years from Earth. The planets occupy nearly the same orbital plane and come within 1.2 million miles of each other at their closest approach.
Alien earths could form earlier than expected
Researchers have found that terrestrial planets like Earth could have formed earlier than expected in the universe's history. The study suggests that rocky worlds don't need to orbit metal-rich stars to form and that their sizes are not directly linked to the star's metallicities.
Cosmic calculations
A University of Delaware-led research team has developed more accurate calculations for the interactions between molecules of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, essential for spectroscopy in astrophysics. These advancements enable researchers to analyze molecular clouds where stars are born with greater precision.
Chemical fingerprinting tracks the travels of little brown bats
A novel technique using stable hydrogen isotopes enabled researchers to determine the summer origins of tens of thousands of bats hibernating in three Michigan mines. This could help predict and manage the spread of white-nose syndrome by identifying connected hibernation sites.
Probing hydrogen under extreme conditions
Scientists have developed new techniques to contain hydrogen at pressures above 3 million times normal atmospheric pressure, exploring its behavior under extreme conditions. The study confirms the stability of the chemical bond between atoms, disproving previous interpretations of a metallic state.
Jellyfish inspires latest ocean-powered robot
Researchers from Virginia Tech have created a robotic jellyfish named Robojelly that mimics the natural movements of a real jellyfish. The robot is powered by chemical reactions taking place on its surface, fueled by hydrogen and able to regenerate fuel from its surroundings.
Volcanoes deliver 2 flavors of water
Researchers found unique changes in hydrogen and boron isotopes in submarine volcanic glass near subduction zones, indicating ancient oceanic slabs can return to the upper mantle and interact with modern seawater. This discovery suggests hydrogen diffusion rates in the deep Earth may be slower than expected.
Pitt researchers coax gold into nanowires
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have created a self-assembly method to grow gold nanowires, which can be used to detect poisonous gases such as hydrogen sulfide in natural gas. The gold nanowires are highly conductive and can detect gas levels comparable to existing sensing techniques.
The star factory: observing Arp 220
McMaster University's Christine Wilson presents findings on galaxy Arp 220's dazzling rate of star formation, which is 200 times faster than our own Milky Way. The star forming core of Arp 220 is only about 3,000 light years across.
Garlic oil component may form treatment to protect heart
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have identified a garlic oil component that can deliver the benefits of hydrogen sulfide to the heart. At low concentrations, diallyl trisulfide has been shown to protect the heart from damage by reducing damaged tissue and lowering reactive oxygen species.
Hydrogen released to fuel cell more quickly when stored in metal nanoparticles
Researchers at Delft University of Technology found that smaller metal alloy nanoparticles release hydrogen gas more quickly when stored in a metal hydride. This could lead to more efficient hydrogen storage for fuel cells.
Iron 'Veins' Are Secret of Promising New Hydrogen Storage Material
Scientists at NIST have discovered a way to store hydrogen efficiently using iron-doped magnesium, which can absorb and release hydrogen quickly and safely. The iron veins create channels within the metal grains that allow for fast hydrogen transport.
Breakthrough in hydrogen fuel cells
Researchers have created a reusable system to store and extract hydrogen from ammonia borane, a stable solid, making it suitable for various applications. The system is air-stable and efficient, with potential uses in motor-driven cycles and small aircraft.
Galaxies are running out of gas
A CSIRO study reveals galaxies have less molecular hydrogen gas than in the past, leading to fewer stars forming. The decline in gas availability is linked to Dark Energy's acceleration of the Universe's expansion.
Researchers map minority microbes in the colon
A new study reveals that only a small percentage of microbes in the colon are responsible for breaking down undigested food, with variations in abundance across different regions of the colon. The findings have implications for understanding inflammatory bowel disease and potential targets for treatment.
Hydrogen may be key to growth of high-quality graphene
A new approach to growing graphene reduces problems plaguing researchers, clearing a path for sophisticated electronic devices. Hydrogen controls the graphene grain shape and size, enabling the creation of well-defined graphene grains with perfect hexagonal shapes.
Researchers record two-state dynamics in glassy silicon
University of Illinois researchers have confirmed that amorphous silicon has two-state dynamics, a characteristic of glass. However, adding hydrogen robs the material of this property and introduces micro-crystalline structure, which significantly affects its behavior.
Sharpening the nanofocus
Researchers at Berkeley Lab demonstrated antenna-enhanced gas sensing at the single particle level using a palladium nanoparticle on a gold nanoantenna. The technique amplifies plasmonic sensing signals, eliminating statistical characteristics and offering noninvasive, biocompatible applications.
Inhaling hydrogen may help reduce lung damage in critically ill patients
Researchers found that inhaling small amounts of hydrogen reduces hyperoxic lung injury, inflammation and fluid buildup in the lungs. Hydrogen also induces activation of heme-oxygenase (HO-1), an enzyme that protects lung cells from damage.
The drive toward hydrogen vehicles just got shorter
Researchers have revealed a new single-stage method for recharging the hydrogen storage compound ammonia borane, enabling the potential use of hydrogen in vehicles. This breakthrough could reduce the expense and complexity of the recycle stage, making hydrogen a more attractive fuel option.