Articles tagged with Hydrogen
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Researchers used transmission electron microscopy to study the effects of increasing hydrogen concentrations on iron metal catalysts. They found that too much hydrogen causes fibers with thick walls, instead of nanotubes, or no growth at all.
Radio astronomers have developed a new technique for studying dark energy by mapping large-scale cosmic structures. This method, called intensity mapping, allows them to accumulate radio waves emitted by hydrogen gas in vast volumes of space, revealing insights into the nature of dark energy and its impact on the Universe's evolution.
A Caltech team has found structurally bound hydroxyl groups, indicating the presence of water in a lunar mineral. The discovery is significant for understanding the moon's composition and its history.
A new study finds that climate change mitigation will not quickly return the hydrological cycle to its previous state. In contrast, data on tropical cyclone activity disagree, with some datasets showing an increase in storms and others not.
Researchers from Germany and the US developed a new synthesis paradigm for efficient hydrogen generation. The team found that the light wavelength used in the process affects its efficiency, with redder light resulting in better outcomes.
Hydrogen gas clouds found near Galactic bar exhibit distinct properties, indicating they originated from supernova explosions and young star winds. This discovery sheds light on critical process of material movement between Galaxy's disk and halo.
A team of researchers from Virginia Commonwealth University has identified a new theoretical approach to simplify the synthesis of hydrogen fuel storage materials. An external electric field can significantly improve the thermodynamics and reversibility of the system, making it an ideal energy carrier.
Scientists have modeled three hydrogen-dense metal alloys and found that superconductivity can be induced by high pressure, with transition temperatures as low as -423°F. The study suggests that the superconducting state comes from electron interaction with vibrational energy through the lattice.
Scientists at Harvard University used a quantum computer to calculate the precise energy of molecular hydrogen, solving a long-standing problem in theoretical chemistry. This achievement has significant implications for fields like cryptography and materials science.
The Naval Research Laboratory's Ion Tiger has achieved a 26-hour flight duration, exceeding its previous record of 23 hours and 17 minutes. The fuel cell system provides reliable, quiet operation and extremely high efficiency, paving the way for tactical flights and extended flight times.
A University of California, Irvine computer model forecasts improved air quality in the Greater Los Angeles area if 75% of drivers switch to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles by 2060. The model suggests a 60% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and lower levels of soot and ozone.
A new Stanford University study suggests the early ocean was much more temperate and life likely diversified and spread across the globe sooner. The researchers analyzed isotope ratios in ancient rocks, finding that the ocean temperature could not have been more than 40C, contradicting previous estimates of at least 55 degrees Celsius.
The Ion Tiger fuel cell unmanned air vehicle has achieved an unprecedented 23-hour flight duration, making it a significant milestone in electric UAV technology. The aircraft's 550-Watt fuel cell system provides 7 times the energy of equivalent batteries, enabling long-endurance missions with reduced noise and signature.
Researchers have designed a new material called graphone, derived from graphene, with unique optical and transport properties. By controlling hydrogen coverage, they made graphene magnetic, opening possibilities for novel applications in spintronics.
A new study by Dipak K. Das and colleagues reveals that freshly crushed garlic generates hydrogen sulfide, a chemical signaling substance that relaxes blood vessels and promotes heart health. Processed and cooked garlic loses this ability, resulting in reduced effectiveness.
Astronomers from Queen's University Belfast have proposed a new physical interpretation of the 2008 supernova SN2008ha, suggesting it could be from a massive star. The team, led by Dr. Stefano Valenti, found a weak explosion with unusual properties that differ from those associated with white dwarf stars.
A high-pressure form of ammonia borane has been discovered, which can store around 30 weight percent hydrogen by improving the hydrogen content of the material by roughly 50 percent. The new compound could potentially stabilize at or near ambient conditions with a large amount of hydrogen content.
Researchers have created a hydrogen storage system that can fill up a vehicle's fuel tank within five minutes with enough hydrogen to drive 300 miles. The system uses metal hydride to absorb hydrogen gas and incorporates a heat exchanger to efficiently remove heat generated during absorption.
A team of scientists has identified carbon nanostructures as catalysts for storing and releasing hydrogen. Complex hydrides show promise for hydrogen storage, but previous studies indicate defects from added catalysts. The new solvent technique allows for defect-free introduction of catalysts.
A Duke University-led team of chemists has successfully grown exclusively semiconducting carbon nanotubes, paving the way for manufacturing reliable electronic nanocircuits. The achievement paves the way for high-current field-effect transistors and sensors, offering reduced heat output and higher frequency operation.
A team of astrophysicists has discovered that hydrogen is concentrated in permanently shaded lunar craters, which could indicate the presence of ice. This finding is significant for future human exploration of the moon and could provide a water source for establishing a manned base.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine found that low concentrations of hydrogen sulfide can protect mice from heart failure. The gas is administered intravenously to treat humans with heart failure, showing promising results in regaining heart function and reducing mortality.
A Dutch researcher has developed a new metal alloy that can absorb hydrogen, making it possible to store the gas in lighter tanks. This breakthrough could make hydrogen a cleaner alternative to battery-powered vehicles.
Researchers at MU and MRI develop new hydrogen storage material using corncobs and boron, increasing storage capacity and reducing tank size. The project aims to create more flexible and less bulky fuel tanks for vehicles.
Researchers propose that Eta Carinae's historic 1843 outburst was a fast blast wave similar to a supernova, but less energetic. This discovery challenges current theories and may indicate supermassive stars undergo periodic explosions before their final supernova.
Scientists at Carnegie Institution's Geophysical Laboratory study nitrogen under extreme conditions, discovering changes in its melting temperature and structure. These findings could lead to the development of new high-energy fuels with potentially higher energy content than existing materials.
Researchers explore climate change through corals and bat guano, as well as the Mississippi Delta's complex history of uplift and subsidence. Additionally, a study reveals that mantle upwelling controls the depth of fast-spreading ridges, while asteroid dust found in Antarctic ice provides insight into the Koronis asteroids.
Researchers have developed a treatment using hydrogen sulfide to induce reversible metabolic hibernation, significantly improving survival rates for rats after extreme blood loss. The study found that 75% of treated rats survived at least two weeks compared to 23-14% in control groups.
Purdue researchers use a new hydrogen facility to study fundamental processes in hydrogen-oxygen engines, improving cooling efficiency and reducing costly overhauls. Accurate heat flux measurements enable more precise computational models, leading to better design performance and cost savings.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered microorganisms that can convert the chlorinated solvent TCE into ethene, a harmless product. Using membrane biofilm reactors, these organisms were able to remove TCE from water efficiently and effectively, making them a promising tool for cleaning up contaminated groundwater.
Using a theoretical model, researchers have shown how a hydrogen molecule responds to laser pulses by creating a changing musical chord. The movement of the two protons in the molecule creates different frequencies, which are similar to notes in a musical chord.
The Arecibo Observatory has discovered methanimine and hydrogen cyanide, two key ingredients for life, in a distant galaxy. These molecules were found by searching for radio emission at specific frequencies, using the world's largest and most sensitive radio telescope.
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center discovered that hydrogen sulfide increases the life span of nematode worms by 70 percent and makes them more tolerant to heat. The compound is believed to regulate a gene called SIR-2.1, which influences life span in many organisms.
Fuel cells face challenges such as membrane degradation, carbon corrosion, and platinum instability, leading to reduced durability. Researchers are working to understand the fundamental failure mechanisms and develop new materials or system approaches to mitigate these issues.
Researchers reproduced Thomas Young's experiment in a hydrogen molecule using electrons and X-rays, revealing wave-like behavior that suggests a quantum nature. The findings provide insight into the transition between classical and quantum physics, with potential implications for quantum cryptography and computation.
A new study suggests that the Great Dying 250 million years ago may have been caused by creeping environmental stress from volcanic eruptions and global warming. The research finds that organisms in the deep ocean died first, followed by those on ocean shelves and reefs, supporting a model that attributes the extinction to enormous vol...
Researchers found that the northern portion of the Tibetan Plateau rose later than previously thought, revealing a complex timeline for the plateau's growth. This discovery can help climate models and understand ancient biological communities.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed flexible hydrogen sensors using single-walled carbon nanotubes, exhibiting high sensitivity and fast response time. The sensors can detect 1% hydrogen concentration in room temperature within 3 seconds and withstand bending and relaxation multiple times.
Recent findings indicate a trend of increasing water content in the atmospheres of planets, from Jupiter (depleted) to Uranus and Neptune (water-rich). Computer models provide insights into planetary atmospheric chemistry, predicting the composition of Earth-like planets in other solar systems.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new fuel cell design that allows for precise control over power output and reduces complexity. The system uses a novel approach to regulate hydrogen flow, enabling efficient water management and higher power production.
Scientists have successfully dissociated water at high pressure to form a solid mixture of molecular oxygen and molecular hydrogen, creating an alloy. The researchers used x-rays to cleave the O-H bonds in water, resulting in a stable alloy that withstood various tests.
Research led by USC earth scientist David Bottjer suggests the Earth's environmental stressors led to mass extinction, contradicting meteorite strike theory. The study proposes a warming Earth and reduced ocean circulation as key factors in creating an environment where toxic hydrogen sulfide dominated, leading to species disappearances.
University of Pittsburgh professor Goetz Veser has created a safer alternative to traditional reactors by designing microreactors that can handle explosive reactions without explosions. These reactors use platinum catalysts and silicon chips with tiny channels to control the reaction and minimize pollutants like nitrogen oxides.
Researchers at Arizona State University have created a tiny hydrogen-gas generator that can power electronic devices up to three times longer than conventional batteries. The generator uses borohydride solution and is recharged by refilling a fuel cartridge, making it safer for the environment.
A daily glass of orange juice can boost citrate levels in the urine and reduce crystallization of uric acid and calcium oxalate, two common ingredients in kidney stones. In contrast, lemonade did not increase citrate levels, suggesting that its constituents counteract the beneficial effects of high citrate content.
A team of researchers from Georgia Institute of Technology successfully tested a hydrogen-powered unmanned aircraft with a 22-foot wingspan, generating only 500 watts of power. The fuel-cell system makes the aircraft more compelling than just a lab demonstration or even a fuel cell system powering a house.
Researchers studied globular star cluster NGC 6397, capturing high-resolution images of faint stars. They identified two fundamental transitions in star physics related to age, which may refine the Milky Way's age. The findings provide insights into the physics of low mass stars and white dwarfs.
NIST researchers discovered that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can store up to 10% of their weight in hydrogen at low temperatures. The nano-cage structure offers a promising approach for storing and releasing hydrogen, which could potentially replace fossil fuels in future automobiles.
A study found a nearly doubling of age-adjusted suicide rates in rural Haywood County, NC, from 1997-2002. The researchers suggest possible exposure to hydrogen sulfide and other toxins released by nearby paper mill operations may be linked to the increased suicides.
PNNL scientists employed x-ray spectroscopy to observe the reaction as it occurred, identifying a cluster of four rhodium atoms at the active site. This approach allows researchers to understand catalyst-reactant interactions under practical conditions, shedding light on key catalytic processes.
Researchers have discovered a more stable compound, diammoniate of diborane (DADB), that may spontaneously uptake hydrogen fuel, making it potentially reversible. This finding is part of the Grand Challenge Project to develop new materials for hydrogen storage.
Researchers have developed porous support materials that can withstand the rigors of high-temperature reforming of hydrocarbon fuels. The new materials satisfy all three key requirements for a catalyst support: high surface area, stability at high temperatures, and low pressure drop.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new type of hydrogen sensor that shows rapid and reversible responses to hydrogen gas. The sensors use a discontinuous palladium thin film on a glass slide coated with a self-assembled monolayer, resulting in faster response times and increased sensitivity.
Researchers at PNNL have developed a new solid chemical material that can release hydrogen almost 100 times faster than conventional methods. The nanophase material achieves this high rate of hydrogen release at a lower temperature, making it an attractive option for sustainable hydrogen storage.
Researchers found that ceria nanoparticles with zirconium and gold improve oxygen storage and release, leading to more efficient catalytic converters. This technology holds promise for a cleaner future.
A recent study found that eating sug-free traditional yoghurt can decrease volatile sulfide compounds in the mouth by 80% after six weeks. The results also showed lower plaque and gingival indices in yoghurt-eating volunteers compared to non-yoghurt-eating groups with bad breath.
Researchers found a three-fold increase in suicide rates in two Salisbury, N.C., neighborhoods downwind of an asphalt terminal. Hydrogen sulfide levels were significantly higher than the World Health Organization's recommended standard, and exposure to other neurotoxic compounds may also be contributing factors.
Researchers propose new experimental measurements to verify existence of maximum melting temperature and transformation of solid molecular hydrogen to metallic liquid. Calculations predict quantum fluid at around 4 million atmospheres of pressure, contradicting intuitive expectations.
A new energy source harnessing solar power could revolutionize the way we generate electricity, offering a cheap, clean, and abundant alternative to traditional fossil fuels. The technology uses special titanium oxide ceramics to split water into hydrogen fuel, producing only oxygen and water as by-products.
Researchers developed self-cleaning hydrogen sensors using titania nanotubes that can recover from contamination by exposing them to ultraviolet light. The sensors' photocatalytic properties allow for efficient removal of contaminants, enabling real-world applications with minimal sensor error.