Articles tagged with Hydrogen
Astronomers are probing the mystery of how galaxies stop forming stars by studying a class of galaxies known as 'self-quenching' galaxies. These galaxies have gas being blown out at incredible speeds, but without evidence of black hole activity, suggesting alternative mechanisms may be at play.
A Texas A&M team has developed a new method to analyze metal failures, identifying 10 microscopic structures that can strengthen metals and reduce susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement. This breakthrough could have a huge economic impact by enabling engineers to design stronger metals.
Scientists at IBS report a breakthrough using heavy water (D2O) to delay sample damage in transmission electron microscopy. The approach allows for longer observation of molecule movements, enabling study of the nanoworld.
Researchers found a group of planets outside our solar system where chemical conditions similar to Earth's exist. These planets are in the habitable range and receive sufficient ultraviolet light from their host stars to kick-start life. The study identifies potential candidates, including Kepler 452b, that could support life development.
Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences have successfully metallized nitrogen under extreme conditions, revealing a pressure-temperature region above 125 GPa and 2500 K. This breakthrough sheds light on the interplay between molecular dissociation, melting, and metallization in nitrogen.
A zero-emissions marine research vessel, nicknamed the Zero-V, is technically and economically feasible to build using hydrogen fuel cells. The project aims to reduce air and ocean pollution while providing a stable platform for scientists to conduct research in sensitive ecological areas.
Scientists have observed anomalously high gas flow rates through angstrom-scale slit-like channels, defying classical Newtonian theory and highlighting quantum effects. The findings, published in Nature, suggest that surface scattering can significantly impact gas permeation rates.
Researchers from Swansea University found that enriching natural gas with hydrogen is a promising way to reduce UK carbon dioxide emissions. By increasing the hydrogen content to 30%, domestic carbon emissions could be reduced by up to 18% without requiring any changes to appliances.
Researchers developed a sensor that can detect halitosis with high sensitivity and portability, providing doctors with a convenient test for diagnosing the condition. The sensor uses a color-changing chemical reaction to detect traces of hydrogen sulfide gas in breath samples.
Case Western Reserve University astronomers detected a massive cloud of ionized hydrogen gas spewed from a nearby galaxy and consumed by its central black hole. The discovery provides an unprecedented opportunity to study the behavior of a black hole and associated galaxy as it consumes and 'recycles' hydrogen gas.
Astronomers have confirmed the presence of hydrogen sulfide in Uranus's cloud tops using sensitive spectroscopic observations. This discovery sheds light on questions about the planets' formation and history, particularly regarding the early Solar System's balance between nitrogen and sulfur.
A team of researchers has observed unexpected rotational motion of hydrogen molecules within a molecular cage, which could lead to breakthroughs in hydrogen storage materials. The study provides fundamental insights into the behavior of quantum-influenced particles trapped in well-defined spaces.
A team of astronomers has detected the fingerprints of the earliest stars in the universe, revealing a wealth of information about their formation and evolution. The detection provides the first evidence for the oldest ancestors in our cosmic family tree, born just 180 million years after the universe began.
New research suggests the Moon may be wetter than initially thought, raising questions about its origin story and composition. Scientists have developed models to determine whether a wet Moon is compatible with a giant impact formation, finding that it's not an unlikely scenario.
Researchers at Washington State University have developed a simple method to generate high-quality hydrogen from water using inexpensive nickel and iron. The technique could be scaled up for large-scale testing and store renewable energy generated by solar and wind sources.
A team of researchers has successfully developed a novel method for separating isotopes using a flexible porous material. By exploiting the dynamic change in pore dimensions, they can selectively adsorb and desorb desired gas components, leading to improved separation efficiency and selectivity.
A study on Mars- and Venus-sized planet formation suggests that low solar activity helped Venus retain its atmosphere. The model indicates that Mars lost its atmosphere due to low gravity and high stellar EUV luminosity, while Venus retained its atmosphere in scenarios with moderate radiation.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki designed an instrument that can detect and identify explosive materials in unexploded artillery shells using prompt gamma neutron activation analysis. The instrument achieves a precision better than 1% within 30 minutes, allowing for non-destructive detection.
A team of astronomers has detected the most distant supermassive black hole ever observed, measuring around 800 million times the mass of our sun. The black hole's extreme size is puzzling, as the universe was not old enough to create such a massive object just 690 million years after the Big Bang.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University have discovered a mechanism allowing gas sensors to operate at room temperature using nanocrystalline metal oxides. The invention will enhance environmental monitoring efficiency in nuclear power plants, submarines, and spacecrafts.
Researchers at UNIST have developed a novel hydrogen isotope separation system based on porous metal organic frameworks, exhibiting the highest selectivity to date. The system can efficiently separate and store deuterium, with a separation factor of 26, making it more cost-effective than cryogenic distillation methods.
Researchers have developed a mechanism for detecting molecular hydrogen using green light to illuminate a nanocrystalline composite sensor based on zinc and indium oxides. This enables gas sensors operating at room temperature.
Researchers from NIST have developed a new material mix that combines metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with 3-D printer plastic, showing promise for sensing and storage applications. The mixture retains more than 50 times more hydrogen than plastic alone, suggesting the MOFs are still functioning effectively while inside the plastic.
Scientists at Chalmers University of Technology have created a new method to map individual nanoparticles, allowing for improved nanomaterials and safer technologies. The discovery paves the way for the development of more efficient hydrogen detectors and other applications.
A KAIST-UC Irvine team developed an ultra-fast hydrogen gas sensor using a palladium nanowire array with a metal-organic framework, detecting hydrogen levels under 1% in under 7 seconds. The sensor also detects hundreds of parts per million levels within 60 seconds at room temperature.
Researchers have developed biocells that use enzymes to convert hydrogen into electrical energy, rivaling the performance of platinum-based fuel cells. The new technology uses heat-stable enzymes that can withstand high temperatures and resist inhibitors, overcoming major hurdles in industrial development.
Researchers developed laser-driven plasma acceleration using low-energy, ultrashort mid-infrared laser pulses, producing relativistic electron beams. The team's findings demonstrate the potential of long-wavelength femtosecond lasers for compact and high-repetition-rate accelerators.
Researchers at National Institutes of Natural Sciences successfully generated plasma with an ion temperature of 100 million degrees, a key milestone toward achieving burning plasma for fusion. The high-temperature plasma exhibits characteristics suitable for fusion reactor plasmas.
Researchers explore optimal vessel design, speed and passenger capacity to reduce uncertainty in the industry. The study aims to provide technical evidence to support new safety codes for hydrogen fuel-cell vessels.
The study found that despite a colder climate, residents in Ii Hamina survived for centuries by having similar diets from childhood to adulthood. However, one individual displayed variation in isotope composition potentially attributable to poor nutrition.
A team of scientists discovered a microorganism in Yellowstone that thrives on low-energy sources despite having access to richer alternatives. The organism can obtain energy by combining hydrogen with sulfur or iron, but grows best on the lowest energy supply.
A Penn State researcher has been awarded a grant to develop a 'hydrogen sponge' technology that could efficiently store hydrogen fuel for use in fuel cell vehicles. The technology uses supercritical liquid form to condense the gas, allowing for storage at ambient temperature and low-pressure conditions.
The University of Texas at Arlington team will inspect 350 concrete manhole shafts for corrosion, measuring hydrogen sulfide and other parameters to prioritize protection. The study aims to develop a system for prioritizing manhole protection, benefiting the city's infrastructure and water engineers.
A team of researchers has directly observed the magnetic field in the upper solar atmosphere for the first time using ultraviolet spectropolarimetry. The study reveals more complex structures in the chromosphere and transition region than expected, with polarization varying on a spatial scale of 10-20 arcseconds.
Scientists at Tomsk Polytechnic University create protective coatings for zirconium fuel rods to prevent explosions in nuclear reactors. The titanium nitride-based coatings can reduce hydrogen penetration, extending the life of fuel rods and protecting reactor safety.
Scientists from Southwest Research Institute have discovered hydrogen gas in the plume of material erupting from Saturn's moon Enceladus, indicating ongoing hydrothermal activity. This finding suggests that Enceladus' ocean floor could support life similar to that found near hydrothermal vents on Earth.
The Cassini spacecraft detected molecular hydrogen in the plume of Saturn's moon Enceladus, suggesting hydrothermal reactions between hot rocks and water. This finding indicates that Enceladus' sub-surface ocean may support life, making it a promising candidate for astrobiological research.
Researchers used Subaru Telescope to create extensive map of neutral hydrogen gas in ancient proto-supercluster. The study revealed the region is rich in gas, which is a major building block of galaxies. Gas distribution does not align perfectly with galaxies' distribution within the proto-supercluster.
A study suggests that long ago, Earth's atmosphere spent about a million years filled with a methane-rich haze, clearing the way for massive amounts of oxygen. The transformation resulted in an atmosphere much like the one that sustains life on Earth today.
A new study suggests that volcanic hydrogen can warm planets, making them more likely to harbor life. With this discovery, distant stars could expand their habitable zones by 30-60%, adding many previously icy worlds to the list of potential candidates for hosting life.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have developed an efficient hydrogen storage system that can increase the energy carrier's viability. By incorporating nanoconfinement and analyzing internal 'nano-interfaces,' the team found a new paradigm for hydrogen storage, enabling faster performance and reversibility.
A new study suggests that liquid hydrogen may be a realistic option for future air travel, offering several advantages over traditional fuels. Liquid hydrogen is very light and has a lower boiling point, reducing the risk of accidents and making it easier to handle.
Scientists have discovered a sulfide-responsive protein, SqrR, in purple bacteria that regulates photosynthetic electron transfer to survive sulfide stress. This finding sheds light on the early evolution of photosynthesis and has potential applications in synthetic biology.
Researchers suggest early Mars was warmed by greenhouse effects from methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen. This could have supported liquid water on the surface, increasing the chances of finding life. The study's findings provide new insights into Mars' climate and its potential for hosting life.
Jose Mendoza-Cortes, a Florida State University researcher, has designed new materials that can store hydrogen fuel more efficiently. These porous materials of transition metals allow for lower energy expenditure and increased hydrogen storage capacity, making them suitable for practical use in vehicles.
Researchers at Forschungszentrum Juelich have developed tailor-made ceramic membranes to efficiently separate gases, including harmful greenhouse gases, and produce high-purity hydrogen. The membrane's stability and hydrogen flow rate have been improved by inserting foreign atoms into the crystal lattice.
Researchers found carbonic acid, orthocarbonic acid, and clathrate compounds stable under high pressure conditions. The cores of Uranus and Neptune may consist of these exotic materials.
Hydrogen sulfide superconductor exhibits two phases: cubic and hexagonal. Researchers' findings mark significant step towards room-temperature superconductors.
A novel probe created by Washington State University researchers illuminates hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen polysulfides in different colors, enabling the identification of their roles in biological processes. This breakthrough could lead to the design of new drugs and treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, cancer, and diabetes.
Research by Stefano Fabris and colleagues reveals that moisture boosts the efficiency of a catalyst in fuel cells by creating a 'proton pinball game' that facilitates molecular transport. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient fuel cell designs.
Researchers at Kumamoto University discovered a new method for drastically changing the color and fluorescence of a compound using oxygen and hydrogen gases. The technique uses energy from gases themselves, producing only water as a byproduct and has potential applications in detection sensors and organic semiconductors.
Researchers at Harvard University observed evidence of Jupiter's hydrogen transitioning into liquid metal, a key to the planet's powerful magnetic field. The findings could revolutionize rocketry and energy science, as well as our understanding of solar system origins.
Researchers at NASA Ames discovered that varying hydrogen droplet sizes influence the burning process of liquid hydrogen-oxygen mixtures. The study reveals new mechanisms and requires a deeper understanding of evaporation and burning processes.
A research group in Japan discovered a new compound H5S2 showing a new superconductivity phase through computer simulation. Further research is predicted to clarify the mechanism behind high-temperature superconductivity in hydrogen sulfide.
Research in Italy found a strong association between living near landfills and increased risk of lung cancer, as well as hospitalizations for respiratory diseases. Exposure to air pollutants from waste treatment plants was linked to higher rates of respiratory symptoms among residents.
The Bubble Nebula, observed by Hubble, is a vast bubble being blown into space by a super-hot, massive star. The nebula is 7 light-years across and resides 7,100 light-years from Earth. A seething star forms this nebula, with gas escaping at over 4 million miles per hour.
A new study published in Nature reports that Earth's moon slowly moved from its original axis around 3 billion years ago. The discovery was made possible by analyzing NASA data indicating lunar polar hydrogen, which is presumed to be ancient ice hidden in craters surrounding the moon's poles.
Researchers used stable isotope and genetic analysis to determine the summering grounds of bats killed by wind turbines in the Appalachian region. The study found that intensive wind-energy development may affect bat species differently, with some populations better able to absorb turbine-related deaths.
A new method to measure supersonic nozzle pressure uses a 'battle of pressures' between hydrogen and helium, enabling precise control in accelerator technology. This breakthrough has significant applications in miniature satellites, lab-on-a-chip devices, and laser plasma accelerators.
Researchers at University College London have detected hydrogen and helium gases in the atmosphere of a super-Earth called 55 Cancri e. The discovery reveals clues about the planet's formation, evolution, and composition, with potential implications for understanding carbon-rich atmospheres.