Articles tagged with Ligands
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that distinct GPCR ligands create different levels of activation by pushing the receptor through its activation steps at varying speeds. This affects the efficacy of agonists, with partial agonists getting stuck in kinetic traps and releasing G-proteins more slowly.
Researchers used AlphaFold3 to predict the structure of human bitter taste receptors, achieving higher accuracy than previous models. The study found similarities and differences in the structures of T2Rs, shedding light on their function and potential role in health and pharmaceutical research.
Researchers identified hundreds of hidden binding partners for a blood protein receptor, revealing links to organ dysfunction and increased sepsis risk. The study found that Mrc1's absence led to the accumulation of mannosylated proteins, which disrupted normal physiology and function.
Researchers discovered LAG-3 inhibits T cell activity through spatial proximity to TCR, not ligand binding. This discovery enables precise modulation of autoreactive T cells in autoimmune diseases.
Researchers have reexamined the Ashwell-Morell receptor's functions using innovative glycoengineering techniques, clarifying its roles in sepsis and inflammation control. The study reveals that the receptor can bind to a specific type of protein glycan chain, which was previously thought to be incompatible with binding.
A team of scientists at UNIST developed a data-driven structure prediction algorithm that led to the synthesis of three novel porous materials with exceptional selectivity in gas separation. The newly developed materials have significant potential for greenhouse gas separation and purification applications.
A French research team has discovered that an organogold(III) complex accumulates selectively in the mitochondria of lung cancer cells, demonstrating its potential as an anticancer treatment. The complex's antitumor activity is attributed to its interactions with specific biological molecules, disrupting their function.
Scientists from Osaka University have reported a new class of transition metal complexes featuring direct nickel-boron bonds without additional support. The resulting square-planar geometry allows for efficient catalysis in the synthesis of high-value materials like polymers and pharmaceuticals.
Researchers found that changes in gut bacteria after a stroke lead to an increase in harmful substances and a decrease in beneficial ones, potentially causing inflammation. Restoring these beneficial substances from gut bacteria could help reduce inflammation after a stroke.
A research team at POSTECH developed a synthesis method that precisely controls the size and shape of perovskite nanocrystals using liquid crystalline antisolvents. The method produces uniformly sized particles without additional purification processes, accelerating commercialization of optoelectronic devices.
PairMap overcomes limitations of traditional methods by introducing intermediate compounds to predict binding affinities with high accuracy. The approach minimizes calculation errors, improves convergence, and reduces computational costs for complex transformations.
Researchers developed AshPhos, a ligand that facilitates the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds using inexpensive materials. The tool has potential applications in pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials, and degrading PFAS pollutants.
Researchers developed ProteinReDiff, an AI-powered method to redesign proteins for improved ligand binding. The approach uses initial protein sequences and ligand SMILES strings, reducing reliance on detailed structural data.
Researchers develop a novel method to simplify chemical modification of ketones and esters, unlocking their potential for faster and more sustainable chemical production. This breakthrough has implications for pharmaceutical innovation, materials science, agrochemicals, and everyday items.
A new proteomics method, peptide-centric local stability assay (PELSA), enables the simultaneous identification of ligand-binding proteins and their binding sites in complex systems. PELSA has been shown to have superior sensitivity in target protein identifications, identifying more kinase targets than state-of-the-art methods.
A new technique has been demonstrated for self-assembling electronic devices, enabling faster and less expensive production. The method uses a directed metal-ligand reaction to create semiconductor materials with tunable properties.
Researchers developed a new amidinium-based coating that extends the life of perovskite solar cells, tripling their T90 lifetime and doubling their stability. The coated cells achieved a record-breaking 26% efficiency and withstood harsh conditions for up to 1,100 hours.
Researchers developed Virtual Ligand-Assisted Optimization to enhance ligand design and effectiveness in chemical reactions. The approach analyzes ligands through computer simulations, allowing for quick testing of different designs.
A new MOF has been developed using a 'Merged-Net Strategy' inspired by skyscraper architecture, resulting in enhanced porosity and structural stability. The material exhibits superior water adsorption capacity and reusability compared to conventional MOFs.
A breakthrough study by Curtin-led researchers reveals how to make more molecules stick to the surface of tiny nanocrystals, leading to improvements in everyday technology. The discovery could enhance the performance of devices such as LEDs, solar cells and medical imaging systems.
A new visible-light antenna ligand enhances samarium-catalyzed reactions, reducing Sm usage by up to 98% and enabling mild conditions. The study provides valuable insights for developing efficient Sm-based catalysts.
Researchers developed a novel strategy for designing MOFs, merging bottom-up and top-down approaches to explore structures based on metal clusters. The Up-Down Approach enables the creation of novel materials with tailored properties, including high chemical stability and diverse chemical properties.
A new study by Prof. Daniel Mandler and his team found that organic molecules can significantly influence the electrical properties of gold nanoparticles, up to 71 mV. The research highlights the importance of capping agents in controlling nanoparticle behavior and provides insights for customizing their interactions.
Weaker ocean circulation may lead to increased carbon dioxide buildup in the atmosphere due to a previously uncharacterized feedback loop involving iron, upwelling nutrients, and ligands. The study challenges current thinking on the ocean's role in storing carbon.
Researchers at UNIST developed zeolitic imidazolate frameworks that mimic intricate machines, exhibiting precise control over nanoscale mechanical movements. The discovery has significant implications for applications in data storage, digital technology, and beyond.
A new University of Cincinnati study reveals that a signaling pathway in the brain helps maintain health and prevent inflammation and cognitive deficits. Microglia cells produce their own TGF-β ligand to regulate local states of inflammation.
Researchers have developed PaCS-Toolkit to facilitate accessible parallel cascade selection MD (PaCS-MD) simulations. The software package automates the simulation process via a single configuration file, allowing users to explore different conformations and investigate molecular interactions more efficiently.
Scientists have identified spontaneous curvature as the factor determining how ultra-thin materials transform into useful tubes, twists, and helices. This process mimics nature's design and could lead to breakthroughs in creating chiral materials with exceptional properties.
Researchers developed an AI-driven lab called Fast-Cat that uses artificial intelligence to provide in-depth analyses of catalytic reactions. The tool conducts high-temperature gas-liquid reactions and analyzes results to determine how different variables affect the outcome of each experiment.
A groundbreaking research breakthrough has led to the development of the world's most efficient quantum dot (QD) solar cell, retaining its efficiency even after long-term storage. The newly-developed organic PQD solar cells exhibit both high efficiency and stability simultaneously.
MOFs-based flame retardants have gained attention due to their physicochemical properties and tunable composition. Post-synthesis strategies, including coordination bond cleavage, have increased their application scope. The review highlights the importance of design and structure modification in improving flame retardant efficiency.
Researchers have developed nanodrones that target and eliminate cancer cells by recruiting natural killer cells to tumor sites. The study offers a potential solution for intractable types of cancers, with promising results in suppressing tumor growth without causing side effects.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have discovered that only about 80 amino acids in the β2-adrenergic receptor contribute to its pharmacological properties, with specific residues controlling efficacy and potency. Understanding these molecular origins can help design more potent and efficacious drugs.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have created binding molecules to make platelets clump together, enabling validated clinical assays and research tools for studying platelet activation. The 'nanobody' technology shows promise for developing therapeutics for blood and thrombotic disorders.
Researchers discovered bimetallic tartrate complexes with unique structures, formed by insufficient ligand, leading to improved sensor characteristics for microbiosensors. The study showcases the potential of laser-induced chemical liquid phase deposition for creating nanostructures with various applications.
Researchers have found that PD-L1 triggers signaling that intrinsically alters cancer cell phenotype, impacting immune milieu. The study's findings suggest a new approach to treating patients with limited response to immunotherapy.
A team from the University of Ottawa has developed a comprehensive screening platform and cellular interrogation tool to facilitate novel drug discovery targeting various human diseases. The 'Tango-Trio' platform can identify small molecule modulators for orphan GPCRs, which have significant untapped therapeutic potential.
A Clemson team created a novel metal-organic framework with combined conduction pathways, outperforming traditional MOFs. This breakthrough could advance modern electronics and energy technologies.
Researchers developed a novel hybrid protein complex by binding lysozyme to copper for enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) removal. The CuST@lysozyme hybrid protein showed high SOD activity and stability in biological fluids, paving the way for its therapeutic applications.
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University demonstrate quasi-reversible displacement of organic ligands on nanocrystal surfaces under visible light irradiation. This finding opens up new avenues for enhancing the tunability and functionality of inorganic materials with aromatic molecules.
Scientists have discovered a new method for producing pure hydrogen from renewable energy, a significant step towards a greener future. The breakthrough uses specialized techniques to understand how a catalyst works, enabling the creation of clean fuels like hydrogen.
Researchers at Brookhaven Lab used pulse radiolysis to study a key class of water-splitting catalysts, revealing the direct involvement of ligands in the reaction mechanism. The team discovered that a hydride group jumped onto the Cp* ligand, proving its active role in the process.
Researchers at Kanazawa University used high-speed atomic force microscopy to study the TRPV1 protein's structural fluctuations in response to stimulating and suppressing ligands. They found that ligand binding increases conformational fluctuations, while suppression decreases them.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a novel tug-of-war strategy that efficiently separates individual lanthanides from each other. By combining oil-loving and water-loving ligands, scientists can target specific elements simultaneously, reducing the complexity and cost of conventional separation methods.
Researchers from Japan have synthesized two di-superatomic molecules composed of Ag and evaluated the factors involved in their formation. The study found that a twist between the two icosahedral structures stabilizes the nanocluster by shortening the distance between them. Additionally, the presence of Pd and Pt central atoms was foun...
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have discovered a new type of friction in proteins called anisotropic friction, which depends on direction. The discovery was made using single molecule experiments and simulations, revealing that friction increases with the pulling angle applied to a ligand from a protein.
Researchers have designed a potent and selective compound that could lead to new therapies for asthma and COPD by activating bitter taste receptors. The new ligand is six times more potent than a known NSAID and highly selective for the TAS2R14 subtype, minimizing potential side effects.
Chemists have developed a high-performance catalyst specifically designed for solid-state mechanochemical synthesis, achieving efficient reactivity at near room temperature. The approach uses a metal catalyst attached to a long polymer molecule, which traps the catalyst in a fluid-phase, enabling fast and energy-efficient reactions.
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital demonstrate a framework to develop solutions to evade detoxification networks in drug development, potentially reducing side effects. By altering the structure of a small molecule, they found a way to stretch out binding regions, making it energetically unfavorable for drugs to bind a...
The study found that the lattice strains and ligand effects of core-shell catalysts optimize geometric and electronic properties, leading to increased catalyst activity. The dual size effect of core-shell particles modulates the lattice strains and enhances BzOH adsorption.
A novel method has been developed to produce platinum-based alloy nanoparticles for efficient hydrogen fuel cells. The nanocatalysts exhibit enhanced power performance and stability, with high specific rated power of 5.9 kW/g Pt, surpassing 2025 targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy.
Researchers at Heidelberg University developed tailor-made metal complexes with exceptional stability, suitable for use in medical imaging and potential applications in personalized precision medicine. The complexes exhibit improved MRI efficiency compared to existing substances.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a photochemical process that simplifies the manufacture of essential precursors for drugs and agricultural chemicals. By illuminating reagents with visible light, they can form diazides in conditions far gentler than current industrial processes.
Chemists from Rice University and the University of Texas at Austin found that increasing charge-acceptor molecules on semiconducting nanocrystals can lead to reduced electron transfer rates in hybrid materials. The study highlights the importance of considering ligand-ligand interactions when designing light-activated nanomaterials fo...
The American College of Physicians recommends bisphosphonates as initial pharmacologic treatment to reduce fracture risk in osteoporosis patients. Long-term use may increase risks, so treatment duration should be limited to 5 years or less.
Scientists have found that six ligands arranged in a specific pattern are optimal for super-selective binding, while rigidity is crucial for controlling the binding interaction. This breakthrough could lead to new approaches for virus prevention and cancer detection.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a simple radical-based reaction to create unsymmetric variants of molecular compounds used in transition metal catalysts. This method opens up new avenues for designing catalysts and utilizes abundant ethylene feedstock.
Scientists at KAUST have identified dynamic regions, called cryptic binding sites, that can be targeted by drugs to treat cancer. The study reveals how molecular motion influences ligand binding to BTB domains, a critical part of many proteins involved in disease.
A new technique improves tumour targeting efficiency by fixing partial cell membrane coating on nanoparticles. The method increases immune escape and specific cancer targeting capability, enhancing therapeutic outcomes and reducing adverse effects.
Researchers from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology have developed a method to eliminate residual organic metal-binding ligands from transition metal oxide thin films, resulting in improved device stability and performance. The technique achieved a 20-fold enhancement in electrical conductivity and a 17.6% increase in efficiency.