Neutralizing Antibodies
Articles tagged with Neutralizing Antibodies
AI tips off scientists to new drug target to fight, treat mpox
Researchers used AI to identify a new viral surface protein that triggers the production of neutralizing antibodies, offering a breakthrough for developing effective vaccines and antibody therapies. The discovery could also provide insights into treating smallpox, a related virus posing a bioterrorism risk.
Ragon Institute study uncovers how certain antibodies help fight tuberculosis
Researchers identified specific antibody features that limit Mtb growth, revealing critical insights into antibody-immune cell interactions. The study lays groundwork for potential antibody-based therapies or vaccines against tuberculosis, an urgently needed treatment for the deadly infectious disease.
Engineering an antibody against flu with sticky staying power
Scientists have engineered a monoclonal antibody that protects mice from a lethal dose of influenza A with sticky staying power. The new molecule combines specificity and broad binding capacity, adhering to the lung lining and blocking infection in mice.
Antivenom neutralizes the neurotoxins of 19 of the world’s deadliest snakes
Scientists have developed the most broadly effective antivenom to date, neutralizing the neurotoxins of 19 deadly snakes including black mambas and king cobras. The antivenom combines protective antibodies and a small molecule inhibitor, offering a potential universal solution for snakebite victims.
Transatlantic collaboration to develop therapeutic for Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
A new collaboration aims to develop an affordable and accessible monoclonal antibody therapeutic for CCHFV, treating thousands globally. USAMRIID discovered the antibody in mice, and LifeArc is supporting development of a fully humanized antibody.
In a preclinical study, a new jararaca antivenom serum was three times more effective than the standard one
Researchers developed a new, three times more effective version of the antibothropic serum used to treat snake venom poisoning. The improved serum had increased neutralizing antibodies and fewer proteins associated with side effects, resulting in greater potency and reduced risk of adverse reactions.
Researchers’ study show advancements in GP38 contributions to CCHFV and monoclonal antibody therapies
Researchers have made significant discoveries about the role of GP38 in viral infections and pathogenesis, highlighting its potential as a target for vaccines and medical countermeasures. Non-neutralizing GP38-specific antibodies have shown protective efficacy against lethal challenge, reducing circulating GP38 and vascular leak.
Prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to AAV2 and AAV9 in individuals with Niemann-Pick disease
A study published in Human Gene Therapy found that over half of individuals with Niemann-Pick disease type C1 lacked neutralizing antibodies against AAV2 and AAV9. This absence of antibodies may impact the effectiveness of gene therapy treatments for this rare disorder.
Research identifies key antibodies for development of broadly protective norovirus vaccine
Researchers have identified powerful antibodies capable of neutralizing a wide range of norovirus strains, paving the way for designing a broadly effective norovirus vaccine. The discovery brings us closer to a vaccine that could provide lasting protection and prevent devastating effects of norovirus outbreaks.
Antibody treatment prevents severe bird flu in monkeys
A broadly neutralizing antibody has been shown to protect monkeys against severe H5N1 avian flu disease. The antibody's stable structure ensures it can withstand virus variants, providing universal protection against a globally spreading airborne infection. Serum levels of the antibody remained stable for up to 12 weeks.
A new vaccine approach could help combat future coronavirus pandemics
Researchers developed a nanoparticle-based vaccine that generates antibodies targeting conserved regions of sarbecovirus receptor-binding proteins, offering broader protection against multiple strains. The vaccine demonstrated strong antibody responses and protection in animal studies against diverse SARS-CoV-2 and other sarbecoviruses.
NIH researchers discover novel class of anti-malaria antibodies
Researchers at NIH have identified a novel class of anti-malaria antibodies that target previously untargeted regions of the parasite. These antibodies have shown promise in providing protection against malaria parasites in animal models and could lead to new prevention methods.
New hope in the fight against Hepatitis C: Broadly effective innovative vaccine design
A novel vaccine design has demonstrated robust immune response and broad neutralization of HCV strains in mouse models. The innovative approach employs epitope-focused immunogens, which could pave the way for an effective HCV vaccine, potentially limiting its global spread.
New antibody breakthrough offers hope against evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants
Researchers have discovered a monoclonal antibody capable of targeting multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, including recent Omicron strains. K4-66's exceptional ability to adapt to the virus's frequent mutations makes it a promising candidate for vaccine and therapy development.
How protective antibodies get in malaria’s way
Researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center have made a breakthrough in understanding how protective antibodies can target malaria parasites. By analyzing the structure of these antibodies and their interaction with the parasite's protein, the team has identified a weak spot that could be targeted by vaccines to prevent severe disease.
Repeated COVID vaccines enhance mucosal immunity against the virus
Researchers found that repeated mRNA vaccines enhance mucosal antibodies in nasal secretions, blocking viral entry and providing sustained protection. The immune responses generated by mRNA vaccines may persist longer than previously thought, offering hope for sustained protection against emerging COVID-19 variants.
A two-dose schedule could make HIV vaccines more effective
Researchers at MIT found that a two-dose schedule for an HIV vaccine can generate a strong response to the virus, outperforming a traditional seven-dose regimen. The first dose primes the immune system, helping it to produce antibodies more effectively when a larger dose is administered one week later.
An antidiabetic helps the immune system recognize reservoirs of HIV
Researchers at the University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre have discovered that metformin can help deplete and eliminate viral reservoirs in people living with HIV. Metformin inhibits the mTOR molecule, slowing down HIV replication and reducing chronic inflammation.
One antibody to neutralize them all?
Researchers developed a monoclonal antibody called SC27 that targets multiple parts of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, including conserved sections. The antibody shows promise against various COVID-19 variants and related coronaviruses, potentially benefiting immunocompromised patients
Newly discovered antibody protects against all COVID-19 variants
Researchers at UT Austin have developed a broadly neutralizing plasma antibody called SC27 that can neutralize all known COVID-19 variants. This discovery was made possible by the technology of Ig-Seq, which provides a closer look at the antibody response to infection and vaccination.
Llama nanobodies: A breakthrough in building HIV immunity
Researchers at Georgia State University have developed a new antibody therapy using llama-derived nanobodies that can broadly neutralize numerous strains of HIV-1. The nanobodies mimic the recognition of the CD4 receptor, offering unprecedented neutralizing abilities and potential for single-molecule treatment.
Scientists create first mouse model with complete, functional human immune system
Researchers have developed a humanized mouse model with a fully functional human immune system, enabling the study of immunotherapy development, disease modeling, and vaccine development. The new model, called TruHuX, mounts specific antibody responses and can develop full-fledged systemic lupus autoimmunity.
A promising weapon against measles
Researchers have discovered how a neutralizing antibody blocks measles virus infection by arresting the fusion process. The study's findings may also be relevant to other viruses with pandemic potential, such as Nipah and parainfluenza viruses.
Novel vaccine concept generates immune responses that could produce multiple types of HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies
Researchers have successfully stimulated animals' immune systems to induce rare precursor B cells that can produce HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies. The findings are an encouraging step in developing a preventive HIV vaccine, targeting the challenging task of genetically diverse HIV.
How COVID-19 'breakthrough' infections alter your immune cells
Researchers at La Jolla Institute for Immunology found that people who experienced breakthrough COVID-19 infections develop T cells better equipped to recognize and target SARS-CoV-2. The study also discovered that B cells produce more diverse antibodies targeting common epitopes between the vaccine and variants.
Repeat COVID-19 vaccinations elicit antibodies that neutralize variants, other viruses
Researchers found that repeat COVID-19 vaccinations elicit cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies capable of targeting multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants and distantly related coronaviruses. The findings suggest periodic re-vaccination may help build a stock of protective antibodies against emerging variants.
A promising vaccine approach to induce longer-lasting protective immunity against COVID-19: NUS Medicine-Monash University study
A team of scientists has developed a novel vaccine approach that induces long-lasting protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 virus in pre-clinical models. The Clec9A-RBD antibody construct targets specific dendritic cells, leading to exceptional durability of immune responses and potential to address shortcoming of current mRNA vaccines.
Singapore study identifies immunity threshold for protection against COVID-19 in children
Researchers found that T cells and memory B cells provide durable protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, with levels attainable after two doses of mRNA vaccination. The study suggests a two-dose vaccination regimen for children against COVID-19.
Study confirms effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccine
A Brazilian study found that a major bivalent COVID-19 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against the original coronavirus strain and subvariants of omicron. The vaccine's effectiveness was confirmed, but its importance in controlling disease was limited by its focus on the original strain.
DNA vaccine against zika performs well in tests on mice
Researchers have developed a DNA vaccine against zika virus that induces a strong immune response and protects mice from the virus. The vaccine uses genetic engineering to encode specific viral proteins and stimulates an adaptive immune response, with high levels of neutralizing antibodies produced.
Swedish study indicates a significant decline of neutralising antibodies to monkeypox virus already during the first month after vaccination
A Swedish study reveals that neutralising antibodies to the monkeypox virus decline significantly after two doses of the MVA-BN vaccine within the first month. The findings suggest that a booster dose may be necessary to maintain immunity, emphasizing the need for scientific evidence before policy decisions are made.
Insights from patient who cleared hepatitis C could lead to vaccine
A study published in Immunity identified key findings from a patient who cleared hepatitis C, revealing new insights into the development of a vaccine. The researchers found that this individual's antibodies targeted multiple regions of the virus, suggesting a potential approach to elicit a stronger immune response.
Initial SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations prime immune cells to respond to subsequent variants
Researchers found that initial vaccinations against the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain shape immune responses to newer variants BA.5 and XBB, with higher B cell repertoire leading to more effective cross-reactive immunity. This 'immunological imprinting' effect could impact future vaccine designs.
Vaccine monitoring crucial as SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to evolve
A recent study found that newer monovalent COVID vaccines generated higher levels of antibodies against a range of Omicron variants, including the XBB and BQ.1.1 strains. The researchers also discovered that these vaccines increased mucosal antibody production, but not neutralizing antibody levels in the nasal cavity.
Snaking toward a universal antivenom
Researchers discovered an antibody that can block deadly toxins in snakes found throughout Africa, Asia, and Australia. The antibody protects against multiple snake species and has the potential to be used as a universal antivenom.
Dartmouth researchers offer new insights into how antibodies function against HSV
Researchers at Dartmouth's Geisel School of Medicine and Thayer School of Engineering have made significant breakthroughs in understanding how antibodies combat herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. The study reveals that antibody effector functions play a critical role in protecting against HSV, which may lead to new treatments for n...
Switching arms improves effectiveness of two-dose vaccinations, OHSU study suggests
Researchers found a four-fold increase in immune response when people alternate arms during two-dose vaccinations. The study showed improved immunity to the original and omicron variants after three weeks and persisted beyond 13 months.
Scientists see an ultra-fast movement on surface of HIV virus
Researchers at Duke University have discovered a critical structure on the HIV virus that plays a crucial role in its infection process. By understanding this structure's dynamics, scientists may be able to design broadly neutralizing antibodies for an AIDS vaccine.
DNA particles that mimic viruses hold promise as vaccines
Researchers created a DNA-based vaccine that mimics the structure of a virus, inducing a strong antibody response against SARS-CoV-2. The vaccine uses a DNA scaffold carrying viral proteins, allowing the immune system to focus on the target antigen.
Evolution of the human immune system in the post-Omicron era
Research reveals memory T cells formed after Omicron breakthrough infection provide enhanced immunity against future variants. The study suggests the immune system adapts to combat emerging strains, leading to higher chances of inducing memory T cell defenses.
NIH-developed HIV antibodies protect animals in proof-of-concept study
Three different HIV antibodies independently protected monkeys from acquiring SHIV, providing statistically significant protection and dose-dependent effect. The findings support the HIV fusion peptide as a promising preventive vaccine target.
Priming, shaping and polishing: In search of a HIV vaccine
Researchers are exploring 'priming, shaping, and polishing' techniques to develop an HIV vaccine targeting rare immune cells that produce broad-neutralizing antibodies. The Amsterdam UMC-led project aims to create an effective vaccine for low- and middle-income countries with a €4.5m grant.
Duke-NUS scientists discover potential nasal COVID-19 vaccine candidate that offers better and longer protection
Researchers at Duke-NUS Medical School have discovered a potential intranasal vaccine candidate that provides improved, longer-lasting immunity against COVID-19. The vaccine boosts mucosal antibody response and enhances long-term immune protection through preferential induction of airway-resident T cells and central memory T cells.
Mutations in the spike-protein of the Pirola variant of SARS-CoV-2 augment infection of lung cells
The Pirola variant of SARS-CoV-2 has rediscovered an entry pathway into lung cells that was previously used by earlier variants, which may promote the development of pneumonia. The virus uses the cellular enzyme TMPRSS2 for entry and is resistant to most therapeutic antibodies.
SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 is less resistant to vaccine, but may be a problem in the lung
The BA.2.86 omicron subvariant can infect human lung cells more efficiently than previous omicron variants, raising concerns about potential severe disease symptoms. While bivalent mRNA vaccines can neutralize BA.2.86, the efficiency is reduced, emphasizing the importance of getting a newer booster vaccine.
Scientists find new, better way to develop vaccines
Scientists have developed a new system to display epitopes in mammal cells for immunization studies, potentially speeding up the immunization process. This method allows for targeted immune responses against specific viral proteins without the need to purify antigens.
How the first contact of the virus influences the immune response to new SARS-CoV-2 variants
Researchers found that a breakthrough infection builds upon existing memory B cell pool and introduces random mutations that prepare antibodies for new variants. Broad neutralizing antibodies can neutralize all tested Omicron variants.
Another step toward the HIV-1 vaccine: Dynamics of neutralizing antibodies
A study of over 2,300 patients found that HIV-1 neutralizing antibody response decreases over time but highly potent broadly neutralizing antibodies remain detectable. This finding suggests a possible permanent vaccine response and is an important step toward developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine.
New antibodies neutralize resistant bacteria
Researchers have discovered highly effective antibodies against P. aeruginosa that can block its type III secretion system and are effective against highly resistant bacteria. These 'pathoblockers' offer a potential therapeutic approach for treating acute and chronic infections with multi-resistant pathogens.
Innovative antibody approach targets deep-seated cancer mutations
Researchers at Duke University developed an innovative antibody approach to target and kill tumor-promoting molecules found in cancer cells. The study revealed notable reductions in tumor growth and minimal side effects, making it a promising new treatment option for various types of cancer.
Trivalent vaccine candidate fights measles, mumps, SARS-CoV-2
Scientists have developed a trivalent vaccine candidate that provides broad and long-lasting protection against COVID-19 infection by delivering the vaccine via the nose. The vaccine triggers a strong neutralizing antibody response and protects mucosal areas, preventing disease symptoms.
New SARS-CoV-2 variant Eris on the rise
A new SARS-CoV-2 variant Eris has been detected, showing an advantage in evading neutralizing antibodies and increasing infectivity. The study found that Eris is less effectively neutralized by antibodies present in the blood of vaccinated individuals or those with a previous infection.
Study helps explain SARS-CoV-2 variants’ rapid spread
New SARS-CoV-2 variants, such as BQ.11 and XBB.1.5, bind to cells more tightly and evade antibodies more efficiently than earlier variants, allowing reinfections and breakthrough infections. Previous infection or vaccination can generate antibodies that recognize some proteins on newer variants, reducing the risk of serious illness.
Research shows the value of COVID-19 boosters for those pregnant, trying to conceive
Pregnant individuals who received a full course of COVID-19 vaccination and a booster have the strongest immune protection from the disease. Boosting after previous infection increases antibody levels in both mothers and newborns, providing maximum possible protection to infants as SARS-CoV-2 evolves.
Remission from HIV-1 infection: discovery of broadly neutralizing antibodies that contribute to virus control
Researchers have identified a family of broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting the HIV-1 envelope protein, which may contribute to long-term remission from infection. These antibodies were found to induce the elimination of infected cells and impose a selective pressure on the virus, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
An adjuvanted intranasal vaccine for COVID-19 protects both young and old mice
A new adjuvanted intranasal vaccine has shown promise in protecting both young and old mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The vaccine combines an RNA-based molecule with a nanoemulsion, resulting in a strong immune response.
Newly-discovered antibodies can neutralize COVID-19 variants, potentially prevent future coronavirus outbreaks
Researchers isolated antibodies from a vaccinated SARS patient that can stop nearly all related coronaviruses tested. The most powerful antibody, E7, neutralizes SARS-CoV and Omicron variants, showing a unique mechanism of binding to the virus's spike protein.
Monkeypox: Characterization of post-infectious immune response
Scientists studied 470 sera from vaccinated or MPXV-infected individuals to elucidate mechanisms involved in post-infectious immune response. The study revealed the role of complement and analyzed immune responses in vaccinated or infected individuals, with robust levels of anti-MVA antibodies detected after infection or vaccination.
‘Ageing’ immune cell levels could predict how well we respond to vaccines
Scientists at the University of Cambridge identified a signature in the blood that could predict how well an individual responds to vaccines. They found that those with higher levels of age-associated B cells are less effective after vaccination.