Articles tagged with Neutralizing Antibodies
A new rapid test developed by Duke University researchers can measure patient immunity against multiple COVID-19 variants like Omicron and Delta. The CoVariant-SCAN test uses a polymer brush coating to detect neutralizing antibodies, allowing for quick and accurate assessment of antibody effectiveness.
People taking immunosuppressants, especially TNF inhibitors, have a weaker antibody response to COVID-19 vaccines. A third dose can drive antibody levels back up, but the duration is unknown.
A new study from the University of Georgia found that vaccination results in a more robust immune response than natural infection. Even with waning antibodies, vaccinated individuals still have protective immunity against severe disease and hospitalization.
A COVID vaccine booster dose increased levels of neutralizing antibodies against all known SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. The boost was sustained for at least eight weeks and generated high-level protection against severe disease, suggesting a strong immune memory response and potentially longer lasting immunity.
Researchers at Texas Biomedical Research Institute developed 'reporter viruses' that allow for real-time tracking of SARS-CoV-2 spread in cells and animal models. This enables faster screening of potential anti-viral drugs, vaccines, and neutralizing antibodies.
Researchers at the University of California - San Diego have developed COVID-19 vaccine candidates made from plant viruses and bacteriophages, which can be stored and shipped without refrigeration. These vaccines trigger high production of neutralizing antibodies in mice, offering a potential solution for global distribution efforts.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have identified an antibody that is highly protective at low doses against a wide range of viral variants. The antibody targets a part of the virus' spike protein that differs little across variants, making it unlikely to lose potency as the virus mutates.
A randomized clinical trial of third dose COVID-19 vaccine booster for transplant patients shows improved antibody levels and neutralizing antibodies, as well as a robust T-cell response. The study found that the third dose was safe and well-tolerated, with minimal side effects.
Researchers identified unique antibody responses that correlate with protection against dengue fever, highlighting the need for vaccines targeting specific serotypes. The study provides crucial information for developing effective dengue vaccines.
Researchers argue that a broader application of neutralizing antibodies could be key to developing an effective HIV vaccine and treatment strategy. The study's findings suggest that higher serum titers of infused therapeutic antibody may provide broad protection against various HIV strains.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that neutralizing antibodies and infection-enhancing antibodies are produced after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection-enhancing antibodies increase infectivity, which is more common in severe COVID-19 patients.
Researchers found that neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 vaccines are less effective against new variants, including those from South Africa and Brazil. The study suggests that mutations in the spike protein may contribute to the variants' resistance.
A recent study suggests that genetics play a role in determining immunity to COVID-19. The study found that the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes, which code for cell surface proteins essential for the adaptive immune system, may limit individual immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
A study published in PLOS Pathogens found that most people can produce neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in severe cases of COVID-19. These antibodies can be combined to block the virus from spreading, offering a promising approach for treatment and prevention, especially for vulnerable populations.
Two scientists urge health agencies to invest in vaccine development based on broadly neutralizing antibodies against multiple virus variants and strains. This approach could provide immunity against emerging pandemics and serve as a pan-virus solution for prevention and treatment.
Researchers found that pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 produce high levels of IgG and neutralizing antibodies, but the transfer of these antibodies to their infants is less than expected. This study is the first to investigate the potency of maternal antibodies in COVID-19.
Scientists engineered an antibody, ADG-2, that rivals current treatments and broadly neutralizes clade 1 sarbecoviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. This breakthrough represents a potential pan-SARS vaccine target.
A 72-year-old immunodeficient patient was cured of severe COVID-19 after receiving a single infusion of her son-in-law's convalescent plasma. The infusion resulted in an extremely high rise in her neutralizing antibody titers, which persisted for four days.
Scientists at the Ragon Institute found that neutralizing antibody potency is significantly reduced in patients with severe or fatal COVID-19 compared to those with milder infections. The study suggests measuring antibody potency could predict patient outcomes and guide treatment options.
Researchers have mapped the molecular structure of a potent COVID-19 antibody, CV30, which neutralizes the virus by interfering with its surface spikes and inducing critical pieces to break off. The antibody's unique shape allows it to overlap with the virus's target site on human cells, blunting its ability to infect.
A study published in Immunity explores polyreactive broadly neutralizing antibodies and their role against influenza viruses. The researchers found that these antibodies are commonly polyreactive and preferentially induced by novel and pandemic-level influenza viruses.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed a new lab testing procedure for detecting neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, which can protect against re-infection and block viral replication. The assay found that ICU patients had the highest concentration of neutralizing antibodies, while healthcare workers had the lowest levels.
Scientists found that some COVID-19 antibodies provide stronger protection than others against reinfection, but not all individuals who have had the disease generate neutralizing antibodies. The study aims to answer how much neutralizing antibody is needed to prevent infection or reinfection.
Researchers have isolated potent neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients that can provide significant protection against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These antibodies could be used to treat patients early in infection or prevent infection in elderly individuals.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have created new surrogate viruses to test neutralizing antibody activity against SARS-CoV-2, enabling rapid testing in biosafety level 2 labs. The tools will help assess vaccine efficacy and develop antibody-based therapies.
Researchers have isolated highly potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies that could provide protection against COVID-19 for several weeks. These near-germline antibodies show promise for use in prevention and treatment, including post-exposure prophylaxis to stop local outbreaks.
A joint research team led by Sunney Xie has identified multiple highly potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from convalescent plasma. These antibodies provide a potential cure for COVID-19 and offer short-term prevention, marking a major milestone in the fight against the pandemic.
Researchers have discovered a potential coronavirus therapy using structural biology and X-ray crystallography. The study revealed that antibodies derived from SARS survivors can potently block entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells, with one candidate antibody showing promising results.
Recently recovered COVID-19 patients exhibit varied immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 proteins. High concentrations of neutralizing antibodies and IFNγ-secreting T cells were detected in some patients, indicating potential for vaccine targeting the receptor-binding domain. The study's findings have implications for designing effective vac...
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed an immunogen that selectively bound to antibodies with necessary mutations, which led to the production of potent neutralizing antibodies. The study demonstrates the ability to engineer the immune system to create an environment where effective antibodies can be made.
A novel RSV vaccine candidate, DS-Cav1, has shown early promise in a Phase 1 clinical trial, prompting large increases in RSV-neutralizing antibodies. The vaccine induced a sevenfold increase in neutralizing antibody levels after a single dose of 50 μg and a 12-fold surge with a dose of 150 μg.
Researchers have identified a small molecule that mimics broadly neutralizing antibodies and provides protection against lethal doses of influenza. The discovery paves the way for a new class of 'antibody mimetic' drugs that could be used to neutralize various viral infections.
A research team led by Professor Chen Zhiwei at HKU invented a single gene-encoded tandem broadly neutralizing antibody, BiIA-SG, which displays potent activity against all genetically divergent global HIV-1 strains tested. The new findings show that BiIA-SG prevents diverse live viral challenges completely in humanized mice.
Researchers have developed a promising strategy using multivalent combinations of antibodies to prevent and treat HIV. These broadly neutralizing antibodies offer increased efficacy against various strains of the virus, including those at mucosal surfaces.
Researchers found that breaking a barrier to autoimmune disease also enables the production of antibodies capable of neutralizing HIV-1. The study, published in The Journal of Experimental Medicine, suggests a potential new approach for developing an HIV vaccine.
In a preclinical study, optimizing immunizations reliably elicits protective antibodies in non-human primates. Delivering the vaccine subcutaneously and increasing time intervals between immunizations improves efficacy and induces neutralizing antibodies.
A new biologic agent, 10-1074, has shown early promise as part of a potential new strategy for treating HIV. The drug demonstrated rapid decline in viral load in infected individuals and may be effective in preventing infection in high-risk populations.
A study using antibodies from an elite controller has shown that a combination of three broadly neutralizing antibodies can completely suppress HIV in infected mice. The finding validates the approach of using multiple antibodies to control HIV infection, pointing towards a potential new treatment for people infected with HIV.
Researchers have identified a specific site on the surface of the human astrovirus that can be targeted for development of a vaccine or antiviral therapy. By binding to this site, neutralizing antibodies can block the virus's ability to infect human cells, providing a potential roadmap for treatment options.
Three different investigational Zika virus vaccine platforms protect against infection and induce immune responses in rhesus macaques. The results suggest that each approach holds promise for designing an effective Zika vaccine.
Researchers modeled co-evolution of antibodies and viruses to understand conditions for broadly neutralizing antibodies to emerge. They found that presenting the immune system with a large diversity of viral antigens may prompt the emergence of such potent antibodies, which could defeat broad swaths of viral strains.
A research team has found that engineered HIV proteins can bind key immune cells present in most people, which could lead to the development of a broadly neutralizing antibody-inducing vaccine. The study's findings provide an encouraging foundation for an upcoming clinical trial.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine has provided crucial insights for the development of a protective HIV vaccine. Researchers identified how changing viral swarms can drive the generation of antibodies able to neutralize diverse HIV strains worldwide.
Researchers have made significant progress toward developing an HIV vaccine by stimulating animals to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies. The studies, funded by NIAID, demonstrate techniques for producing antibodies that can stop HIV from infecting human cells or evolve into such antibodies.
Researchers suggest that a sequence of tailored immunizations could guide the immune response to develop special antibodies that can neutralize HIV. The approach targets the virus's binding site, which remains unchanged despite mutations.
A new study uses computational software to design variants of an HIV-1-targeting antibody, revealing improved stability and broadened neutralization capabilities. The findings may inform the development of effective HIV-1 vaccines.
Researchers have found a combination of llama antibodies that can neutralize a wide range of circulating HIV viruses, offering a promising approach to developing an effective HIV vaccine. The study identified four broadly neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination in llamas, which showed features similar to human antibodies.
Broadly neutralizing antibodies, combined with viral inducers, have been found to control HIV in mice by targeting latent reservoirs of infected cells. The approach, called "shock and kill," resulted in a 57% success rate in preventing viral rebound.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that two B-cell lineage antibodies teamed up to stimulate broadly neutralizing antibodies in people with HIV infection. This cooperative mechanism may lead to a global vaccine strategy by inducing high levels of such antibodies in approximately 20% of individuals with HIV infection.
A GW researcher has discovered an antibody that recognizes ancestral fossil viruses in the human genome, providing a new target for HIV-1 immunotherapy. This breakthrough could help overcome the virus's frequent mutations and improve treatment options.
Researchers have discovered a new vulnerable site on the HIV virus that can be attacked by human antibodies, neutralizing its infectivity across various strains. This finding is crucial in developing an effective vaccine against HIV.
A person with both lupus and HIV was found to produce the correct type of neutralizing antibodies, a key component of an effective vaccine. The study provides new insights into the immune system's response to the virus and could aid in the development of vaccines capable of overcoming tolerance controls.
A team of scientists has created an artificial protein that mimics a key site on the HIV outer coat where antibodies can bind, providing a potential new strategy in vaccine development to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies. The new protein was designed to facilitate the production of desired antibodies while preventing undesired re...
Researchers at Wits University and Centre for the Aids Programme of Research in South Africa have discovered a unique feature of HIV that enables infected people to create potent antibodies. These broadly neutralizing antibodies can kill up to 88% of HIV types, providing an important new approach for developing an AIDS vaccine.
Researchers from IDIBAPS have conducted a study on HIV-infected patients with undetectable viral load, finding that they can induce a broad and strong humoral immune response. The percentage of treated and untreated patients generating broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies was very similar, suggesting a potential preventive vaccine ba...
New findings reveal that broadly-reactive neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) develop earlier than previously thought, in some cases as soon as a year after infection. These antibodies target only a few regions of HIV, making it easier to design new immunogens and protocols for vaccine development.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have made two fundamental discoveries about broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies, which effectively keep the virus at bay. They found that most antibodies bind to their target in a polyreactive manner, enhancing overall affinity by binding non-specifically to the virion.
Researchers found that HIV can mutate its outer proteins to disguise itself from neutralizing antibodies, allowing it to escape the immune system. In two patients, viruses mutated parts of their outer proteins, interfering with antibody attack or targeting a different protein.
A study by Dan Barouch and colleagues at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found no correlation between Ad5 neutralizing antibodies and T-cell immune responses. The researchers suggest using rare serotype vectors to develop HIV-1 vaccines that are not suppressed by baseline vector-specific neutralizing antibodies.
A team of researchers refuted a popular hypothesis about the failure of the Merck STEP HIV vaccine study by finding no correlation between pre-existing neutralizing antibodies and increased susceptibility to infection. The study analyzed blood samples from participants with varying degrees of pre-existing immunity to Ad5 and found that...