Research from Michigan State University and Ohio State University found that empowerment initiatives can be effective when implemented by leaders who value being respected, but can lead to micromanaging and decreased motivation when led by those who prioritize control. The study suggests that candid conversations between employees and ...
Researchers at the University of Houston have located the long-debated Resurrection tectonic plate in northern Canada, shedding light on its existence and significance. The findings could aid in predicting volcanic hazards and mineral deposits.
Paleoseismic trenching reveals three surface-rupturing earthquakes occurred approximately 8,800, 4,200, and 1,000 years ago on the Gales Creek fault. The study suggests that earthquakes occur about every 4,000 years on the fault, posing significant seismic hazard to the Portland metro area.
Researchers found that opening windows increases particle exit by nearly 40% and reduces aerosol transmission between students. Glass droplet screens in front of desks also significantly reduced particle transmission.
Children with chronic kidney disease experience prolonged hospital stays (30% longer) and increased hospital expenses ($8,755 vs. $5,016). They also have a higher risk of in-hospital mortality, with a 50% increase compared to other chronic conditions.
A team of scientists at the University of Toronto has discovered the mechanism linking periodontal disease to other inflammatory conditions. The study found that neutrophil immune cell activity is the key factor connecting gum disease to heart disease, cancer, and other inflammatory conditions.
A recent study mapped microbial diversity in marine sediment, revealing a rich ecosystem with diverse microbial communities. The research found that bacterial diversity exceeds archaeal diversity and is comparable to surface biomes.
Researchers at UCF are working with Adobe to develop personalized reading formats that enhance reading speed and comprehension. Early studies have shown a 25% increase in reading acceleration using Liquid Mode technology.
A study by Ohio State University found that racial prejudice, poor coping, and partisan media viewing contribute to stigmatization of Asian Americans during the pandemic. Stereotypical beliefs about Asians and envy towards their success were most linked to stigmatization.
A team of researchers from CNIO describes how the enterovirus coxsackievirus type B4 can induce diabetes by deregulating the URI protein and silencing the Pdx1 gene. This finding has potential implications for understanding the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and diabetes.
Research suggests that peer defender programs can disempower victims, reinforce bullying, and erode support for them. Schools should be wary of these strategies to reduce risks to vulnerable students.
Researchers found distinct effects of adversity early in life on the genomes of extremely preterm-born individuals, particularly males. The study suggests that extreme perinatal adversity may elicit wide-ranging epigenetic changes that remain detectable years later.
Researchers propose a new theory that suggests the existence of a biodynamic interface between humans and their environment, which mediates interaction between biological and environmental systems. This interface considers social, behavioral, and cultural dynamics, allowing scientists to assess its impact on health outcomes.
A global study led by McGill University found that 54% of UN-recognized countries have national mandatory vaccination policies, with varying penalties for non-compliance. Educational and financial penalties are the most common, ranging from small fines to jail time in some cases.
Research found that vitamin D3 reduces both HAS2 gene expression and hyaluronic acid synthesis in multiple models of breast cancer. The study suggests a novel role for vitamin D3 and the VDR in control of HA synthesis, which likely contributes to its anti-cancer actions.
The event will feature a diverse cohort of neuroscientists presenting and discussing their latest research on the development and application of neurophotonics tools. The mini-symposium will highlight hot-off-the-press advances in neuroscience-related optical technology and its applications in in vivo imaging and neurocomputation.
Researchers found that all species of lizards in Miami can tolerate temperatures as low as 42°F, despite previous individual tolerances. This unexpected finding provides evidence that tropical creatures can sometimes endure conditions beyond their established limits.
Researchers at Forefront Suicide Prevention at the University of Washington found that talking about suicide prevention and safe firearm storage at gun shows can lead to a significant increase in people locking up their firearms. In a community-based setting, engaging people in an empathetic conversation resulted in more people adoptin...
Researchers discovered that SARS-CoV-2's spike protein recognizes and binds to neuropilin-1, facilitating cell entry. Inhibiting this interaction reduces viral infectivity. Autopsies revealed infected olfactory epithelial cells express high levels of neuropilin-1, suggesting its role in COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated adoption of innovative diabetes care models, including telehealth, to improve medical outcomes and patient experience. Despite challenges such as lack of insurance coverage and workforce shortages, these models have the potential to transform diabetes care for millions worldwide.
A new study finds that focal epilepsy, affecting one in 26 American adults, is often overlooked due to subtle symptoms. Early diagnosis can lead to fewer car accidents, with the researchers estimating 1,816 preventable accidents annually worldwide.
Researchers discovered a novel cellular mechanism for disposing of misfolded proteins in a rare condition called alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, which can also affect neurological disorders like Alzheimer's. The study identified the human enzyme Man1b1 as key to degrading these proteins.
A new semiconductor superlattice device enables superconductivity at temperatures as warm as -3°C, paving the way for ultra-low-energy electronics. The study proposes a 3D exciton superfluid state in stacked atomically-thin layers of transition metal dichalcogenide materials.
A review of 77 studies worldwide confirms people with mild symptoms may be infectious for up to 10 days, while those severely ill may remain contagious for 20 days. The CDC's guidance is in line with these findings.
A study of Maine's Swan's Island reveals declines in five species of mussels, barnacles, and snails over two decades, with young mussels experiencing the sharpest decline. The researchers attribute these changes to climate-driven ocean acidification and warming, which affect shellfish ability to thicken their shells.
A new study from the American Cancer Society found that active older adults have better overall physical and mental health. Higher amounts of regular moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity and lower duration of sedentary time are associated with higher global mental and physical health.
Researchers create a device that displays directionally asymmetric reflective colors based on viewing direction, enabling information encryption via optical camouflage. The design allows for bidirectional display of tuneable messages/images, opening up new photonic applications.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered that an anti-inflammatory drug, VX-765, can slow disease progression in a preclinical model of multiple sclerosis when delivered intranasally. This new therapy approach has shown promise in preserving myelin and glucose metabolism.
Researchers at UC have identified metabolic fingerprints that distinguish cancers from nonsmokers compared to smokers, providing important steps toward new and better therapeutic strategies for kidney cancers in both smoking and nonsmoking populations. The study reveals a separate metabolic subtype of kidney cancer with different weakn...
A new study reveals that sleep deprivation significantly impairs the ability to suppress unwanted and unpleasant thoughts. Participants who were sleep-deprived showed a nearly 50% increase in unwanted thoughts compared to those who had a good night's sleep.
A new study by Cornell researchers found that COVID-19 vaccine efficacy is a key factor in Americans' willingness to adopt the vaccine, with increased effectiveness leading to higher acceptance rates. The study also highlighted the impact of political endorsements and geopolitical factors on vaccine uptake.
A study investigated whether early tocilizumab treatment reduced the risk of death among critically ill COVID-19 patients. The results showed that patients treated with tocilizumab in the first two days after admission had a lower risk of death compared to those not treated early.
A computational study of Ebola's nucleocapsid reveals how ssRNA encapsulation stabilizes the virus, maintaining its structural integrity. The model includes all atoms and ions essential for the helical assembly, providing insights into the virus's ability to infect and replicate.
A recent study by Aarhus University researchers reveals that citizens contribute significantly to the spread of negative information about politicians, leading to increased mistrust. This phenomenon is rooted in humans' innate psychological tendency to prioritize self-interest over political substance.
A study of 4923 Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes found that drinking 4 or more cups of green tea daily and 2 or more cups of coffee daily was associated with a 63% lower risk of death. Higher quantities of both beverages were linked to even greater reductions in mortality risk.
Researchers have discovered a subset of melanoma cells located at the edge of tumours that are highly invasive and successful at forming new tumours. These 'rounded-amoeboid' cells use a powerful signalling cascade to initiate tumour growth, offering new insights into cancer spread and treatment options.
A pilot study found that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) significantly reduced insomnia severity among young adult binge drinkers, leading to improved sleep efficiency and decreased alcohol use outcomes. CBT participants showed greater improvements in insomnia symptoms compared to those who received a single session on sleep hygiene.
A study by Megan Carey and Catarina Albergaria found that altered cannabinoid signalling impairs learning in mice. However, this was not due to direct effects on neural plasticity, but rather the reduced activity levels of the mutant mice. Restoring behavioral state through exercise fully restored learning abilities.
The study found that tocilizumab significantly improved survival rates among adults hospitalized with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia compared to standard care. By reducing mortality and shortening hospital stays, the treatment offers a promising alternative for critically ill patients.
A panel of experts recommends imaging for hip and knee steroid injections to mitigate joint collapse and total replacement risks. Current evidence is insufficient to draw a definitive conclusion, highlighting the need for further research.
A new risk model has been developed to estimate a person's likelihood of becoming infected and seriously ill due to COVID-19. The QCovid model uses various factors such as age, ethnicity, and existing medical conditions to provide a nuanced assessment of risk.
The study reveals structural features of the Ebola nucleocapsid, a promising therapeutic target for destabilizing the virus and knocking it out with antivirals. The researchers used supercomputers to simulate the inner workings of Ebola, observing the way molecules move to carry out their functions.
Research from the University of Notre Dame found that artificial light abnormally increases mosquito biting behavior at night in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The study suggests that increasing levels of light pollution could impact the transmission of diseases such as dengue fever, yellow fever, and Zika.
The study reveals a unique RNA binding pocket in SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, which could guide the design of novel antiviral agents. The crystal structure provides atomic resolution features that may lead to the development of specific targeting sites for SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed a surface that repels all components of human blood except for the critical cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6), which can be measured with high accuracy and sensitivity.
A Washington State University study found that cannabis use reduced OCD symptoms by 49% and anxiety by 52% within four hours. The study also linked higher CBD concentrations to larger reductions in compulsions.
A study published in JAMA Network Open found that reducing nicotine levels in cigarettes decreases addictiveness, particularly among those with mental illness and socioeconomic disadvantage. The research suggests that lower nicotine content could lead to policy changes benefiting all smokers, especially the most vulnerable.
Researchers at the University of South Australia have developed a novel microfluidic approach to purify CAR-T cells, reducing dead cells by over 70% and increasing cell viability by 20%. This method could significantly benefit patients by lowering manufacturing costs and side effects associated with CAR T cell therapy.
Researchers at the University of Leeds and the Met Office have developed a predictive tool to identify regions at increased risk of tornadoes on UK cold fronts. The tool uses wind fields ahead and behind the cold front to compute a percentage probability that tornadoes will occur.
Researchers developed microscopic tracking devices to study cellular forces in mammalian cells, showing how development starts and potentially leading to understanding of aging and disease. The tiny devices measure forces exerted within the cell interior, providing unprecedented views into cellular behavior.
A global registry of psoriasis and COVID-19 patients found that over 90% of patients taking immune system drugs survived the pandemic. The risk factors for severe outcomes were similar to those in the general population, with older, male patients and those with certain health conditions being more likely to require hospital admission.
Researchers developed a novel epigenomic approach to detect pancreatic cancer in its early stages using blood draws, identifying distinctive patterns in thousands of genes that serve as biomarkers. This technology has the potential to lead to more timely treatment and improved patient survival.
A recent breakthrough identifies neuropilin-1 as a key factor in SARS-CoV-2's ability to infect human cells. The study reveals that targeting this interaction could lead to the development of effective anti-viral therapies, potentially curbing the current COVID-19 pandemic.
Researchers found that tattooed skin has reduced sweat rates, which can lead to increased risk of overheating. The study suggests that the tattooing process damages eccrine sweat glands, potentially causing long-term complications.
Primary care doctors are taking safety measures to protect patients, including appointment-only offices, clear protocols posted online or over the phone, and staggered in-person visits. Patients can also take precautions such as calling labs before scheduling appointments and wearing masks during visits.
Researchers found that a modified bentonite complex can remove 17α-ethinylestradiol and other pharmaceutical organic micropollutants from wastewater environments. The study demonstrates an effective and cost-efficient method for removing synthetic estrogen from bodies of water.
A study by UCL and Dokuz Eylul University found that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with beliefs on the origin of the novel coronavirus. In Turkey, 54% more people believed the virus was human-made, leading to higher vaccine hesitancy rates.
A UMD-led study finds that fear and anxiety reflect overlapping brain circuits, challenging long-held scientific accounts. The research suggests that both 'fear' and 'anxiety' are constructed in the brain using a massively overlapping set of neural building blocks.
The VOYAGER PAD trial found that drug-coated devices do not increase mortality risk in patients with peripheral artery disease. Rivaroxaban use consistently reduced ischemic limb and cardiovascular outcomes regardless of device type.
Cities are crucial actors in tackling food waste, launching effective policies and initiatives to address it. A new framework for assessing urban food waste policies and initiatives has been presented, highlighting the importance of integrated management and multi-actorial collaboration.