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Science News for December 3, 2021


Hospitals have ethical obligation to care for unvaccinated severe COVID-19 patients

A new opinion piece argues that hospitals have an ethical duty to care for unvaccinated severe COVID-19 patients, even if it means delaying non-emergency procedures for vaccinated individuals. The author suggests a contingency care standard prioritizing emergency life-support regardless of vaccination status.

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAnnals of the American Thoracic Society·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateDec 3, 2021

Meth use, intimate partner violence weaken immune function in HIV-positive men

A study of HIV-positive black and Latino men found that methamphetamine use combined with intimate partner violence boosts inflammatory and antiviral genes, leading to immune system exhaustion. This combination may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and other disorders.

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences·JournalAnnals of Behavioral Medicine·DateDec 3, 2021

Medicare spending on drugs with accelerated approval

Between 2015 and 2019, Medicare spending on drugs with an accelerated approval indication more than doubled, reaching $9.1 billion in 2019, primarily driven by Part B drugs. The study's findings highlight the growing concern of rapidly increasing costs associated with these medications.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Health Forum·DateDec 3, 2021

Stress may be driving inequities in alcohol problems for Black individuals

A new study by the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine highlights the link between stress and alcohol craving among Black individuals. The research found that higher stress levels are associated with stronger alcohol cravings for Black participants, but not white participants, suggesting a process of drinking to cope with stress.

SourceUniversity of Pittsburgh·JournalAddiction·DateDec 3, 2021
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

New vaccine ingredient shows promise

A new particulate saponin/TLR agonist vaccine adjuvant has been shown to alter lymph flow and modulate adaptive immunity. This study demonstrates the potential of this ingredient as a more effective vaccine booster.

SourceLa Jolla Institute for Immunology·JournalScience Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

Air bubbles sound climate change's impact on glaciers #ASA181

Researchers investigate glacial ice melting that releases acoustically distinct pressurized underwater bubbles, providing a potential tool for monitoring climate change's impact on glaciers. The team's experiments will permit the long-term monitoring of ice loss and its link to water temperature.

SourceAcoustical Society of America·DateDec 3, 2021

LSU Health New Orleans review reveals alarming increase in physician burnout

A recent review reveals alarming increase in physician burnout among diagnostic radiologists, with causes including lack of control, social isolation and technological demands. Possible solutions include heightened engagement, dedicated reading room assistants and mindfulness techniques.

SourceLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center·JournalCurrent Problems in Diagnostic Radiology·TypeLiterature review·DateDec 3, 2021

The role of messenger RNA in DNA repair

A study by University of Seville researchers reveals that messenger RNA modifying factors play a crucial role in the repair of DNA breaks. The discovery could lead to better understanding of rare diseases and cancer. Messenger RNA editing facilitates the removal of trapped RNA molecules, allowing for proper DNA repair.

SourceUniversity of Seville·JournalNature Communications·DateDec 3, 2021

The health of homeless people improves with socialisation

A new study from the University of the Basque Country found that social interaction and contact with family members have a significant positive impact on homeless people's perception of their health. Conversely, longer periods of homelessness and reduced social connections are associated with poorer health perceptions.

SourceUniversity of the Basque Country·JournalInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·DateDec 3, 2021
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Chronic disease through the lens of COVID-19

A study by the CDC found a strong association between obesity and diabetes, both of which are widespread in the U.S., and severe COVID-19 disease. In South Carolina, chronic diseases disproportionately affect Black communities, increasing their risk of developing severe COVID-19.

SourceMedical University of South Carolina·DateDec 3, 2021

Chemical pollutants disrupt reproduction in anemonefish, study finds

Researchers found that fish exposed to BPA exhibited feminizing effects on gonads, brain genes, and hormone levels, leading to changes in aggression and sex determination. In contrast, EE2 had less pronounced effects, with decreased aggression despite feminization of gonads.

SourceCarl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign·JournalHormones and Behavior·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

Whether people inform themselves or remain ignorant is due to three factors

A new study by UCL researchers found that people's motivation to seek information falls into three categories: expected utility, emotional impact, and frequency of thought. Those who prioritize these factors tend to seek information more, with better mental health reported by those seeking info on frequently thought-about topics.

SourceUniversity College London·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

Scientists edge closer to probe that would inspect atherosclerotic plaques by forcing molecules to sound their presence

Researchers at Skoltech have created an optoacoustic endoscopic probe that can analyze atherosclerotic plaques by forcing molecules to sound their presence. The device uses laser light to make biomarkers oscillate, producing ultrasound signals that can be detected by a sensitive microphone.

SourceSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology (Skoltech)·JournalACS Photonics·DateDec 3, 2021
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

We prefer farmed salmon – as long as we don't know what we're eating

A blind taste test by University of Copenhagen researchers shows Danes prefer conventional and organic farmed smoked salmon over wild-caught. The study reveals that people's expectations about a product affect their overall taste experience.

SourceUniversity of Copenhagen - Faculty of Science·JournalFood Quality and Preference·DateDec 3, 2021

New vaccine ingredient shows promise

Scientists at La Jolla Institute for Immunology and MIT have discovered a new adjuvant called SMNP, which combines saponin and TLR agonist to boost the protective power of vaccines. The study found that SMNP triggers a strong immune response in mice, promoting lymphatic drainage and activating multiple parts of the immune system.

SourceLa Jolla Institute for Immunology·JournalScience Immunology·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

Pharmacy Forecast 2022 anticipates lasting impact from pandemic-related changes to health-system pharmacy

The 2022 Pharmacy Forecast Report notes that COVID-19 disruptions have led to increased roles for pharmacists in patient care, emergency preparedness, and technology. The report also emphasizes the need for equitable access to digital tools and explores strategies to mitigate supply chain issues.

SourceASHP (American Society of Health-System Pharmacists)·JournalAmerican Journal of Health-System Pharmacy·TypeSurvey·DateDec 3, 2021
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Elevated heart rate linked to increased risk of dementia

A study at Karolinska Institutet found that individuals with a resting heart rate of 80 beats per minute or higher had a 55% higher risk of dementia. The association remained significant after adjusting for other cardiovascular diseases, suggesting a potential link between elevated heart rate and cognitive decline.

SourceKarolinska Institutet·JournalAlzheimer s & Dementia·TypeObservational study·DateDec 3, 2021

Researchers realize ultra-high precision search for exotic interactions

Researchers realized ultra-high precision search for exotic spin- and velocity-dependent interactions beyond the standard model, amplifying magnetic field signals. They used a quantum spin-based amplifier to study new physics theories, proposing a new class of bosons-nucleus coupling constraint.

SourceUniversity of Science and Technology of China·JournalScience Advances·DateDec 3, 2021

NYITCOM research finds nasal problem plagued long-nosed crocodile relatives

A new study published in the journal Anatomical Record reveals that gharial species, native to India, suffer from nasal septal deviation, a condition common among humans. The researchers found that this deviated septum affects the breathing rate and may lead to high shearing stresses along the nasal walls.

SourceNew York Institute of Technology·JournalThe Anatomical Record·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateDec 3, 2021

Wrangling an octopus-like viral replication machine

Researchers have successfully determined the structure of the Lassa viral polymerase, a key component in viral replication, using cryo-electron microscopy. This breakthrough provides crucial insights into how to design drugs that can stop the infection, offering hope for developing an effective antiviral.

SourceEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory·JournalNature Communications·DateDec 3, 2021
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

How you speak up at work can affect whether you’re picked for a team

Research from Iowa State University found that using a supportive voice in the workplace signals approachability and trustworthiness, fostering strong interpersonal relationships and effective teamwork. This 'supportive voice' is more critical for team formation than previously thought, and can help employees move into leadership roles.

SourceIowa State University·JournalJournal of Management·TypeSurvey·DateDec 3, 2021

Spending revenues on climate projects maximises social acceptability of carbon taxes

A study by Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona found that spending revenues on climate projects increases social acceptability of carbon taxes. The research also revealed that providing information on carbon taxes can increase acceptability, while the perception of fairness is a stronger factor in acceptability than effectiveness.

SourceUniversitat Autonoma de Barcelona·JournalNature Communications·TypeSurvey·DateDec 3, 2021

Wraparound care coordination associated with many positive outcomes amongst youth with serious and complex behavioral health needs

A meta-analysis of 17 controlled studies found Wraparound Care Coordination significantly reduces out-of-home placements, improves mental health functioning and school outcomes, and lowers overall care costs. The study also shows more positive effects for youth of color.

SourceElsevier·JournalJournal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·TypeMeta-analysis·DateDec 3, 2021

How can music, dance and art help improve air pollution?

Researchers used creative methods to explore perceptions of air pollution with local communities in Nairobi's informal settlements. They found contrasting definitions of air pollution and differing views on who was responsible for solutions.

SourceUniversity of Portsmouth·JournalHumanities and Social Sciences Communications·TypeObservational study·DateDec 3, 2021
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Cancer registry improves understanding of rare ovarian tumor

Researchers at Hokkaido University analyzed hundreds of women with ovarian granulosa cell tumors to improve understanding of the disease progression and response to therapy. They found that early-stage tumors rarely spread beyond the ovaries, and fertility-sparing surgery may be considered for younger patients.

SourceHokkaido University·JournalGynecologic Oncology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 3, 2021

Novel two-step mechanism revealed in two-dimensional material formation

Researchers at Tohoku University have discovered a novel two-step nucleation process in the development of 2D monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD). This breakthrough allows for improved quality control and higher growth rates, enabling the synthesis of ultra-high quality TMD.

SourceTohoku University·JournalScientific Reports·DateDec 3, 2021

Understanding mouthfeel of food using physics

A team of researchers used CARS microscopy to analyze the fat arrangement in foie gras and duck pâté. They found that foie gras had a harder, more brittle texture due to its irregularly shaped fat network. The study provides new insights into the relationship between microstructure and food texture.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalPhysics of Fluids·DateDec 3, 2021

Immune system-stimulating nanoparticle could lead to more powerful vaccines

Researchers have designed a new nanoparticle adjuvant that significantly improves antibody production following vaccination against HIV, diphtheria, and influenza. The adjuvant speeds up lymph flow to lymph nodes, helps antigens reach B cells before breaking down, and activates inflammatory cytokines for a stronger response.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalScience Immunology·DateDec 3, 2021
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Can seven questions determine how wise you are?

Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine developed a shortened 7-item version of the SD-WISE-28 to assess wisdom. The Jeste-Thomas Wisdom Index has high validity and positive correlations with resilience, happiness, and mental well-being.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalInternational Psychogeriatrics·DateDec 3, 2021

Researchers find surprising benefit to the immune system following infection

Researchers discovered that infections improve the production and function of naïve T cells, the body's first line of defense against disease. This mechanism involves interleukin 7 and MHC molecules, which signal naïve T cells to stay alive and receive optimal metabolic signals.

SourceUniversity of Arizona Health Sciences·JournalNature Communications·DateDec 3, 2021

Optimized method to detect high-dimensional entanglement

Researchers develop novel detection method to identify high-dimensional entanglement states, overcoming challenges faced by traditional methods. The study proposes a protocol to automatically search for optimal certification methods, enabling the creation of high-dimensional quantum information processing systems.

SourceUniversity of Science and Technology of China·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateDec 3, 2021

Using green tea as reducing reagent for the preparation of nanomaterials to synthesize ammonia

Researchers developed a green synthesis method for ammonia production using green tea as a reducing agent. The study found that the optimized sample showed 2.93-fold enhanced photocatalytic activity and increased NH3 selectivity, outperforming bulk g-C3N4 under simulated sunlight irradiation.

SourceBeijing Institute of Technology Press Co., Ltd·JournalEnergy Material Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Review on the femtosecond laser precision micro/nano-engineering

Femtosecond laser precision engineering enables micro/nano-structure creation with high resolution and dry processing. Key challenges include achieving small heat affected zones and ensuring sufficient processing speeds for industrial needs.

SourceUltrafast Science·JournalUltrafast Science·TypeLiterature review·DateDec 3, 2021

Well-timed meals reduce risk of glucose intolerance despite mistimed sleep

A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that eating during the nighttime can lead to glucose intolerance due to a misalignment between central and peripheral circadian clocks. In contrast, limiting meals to the daytime maintains internal circadian alignment and prevents glucose intolerance in shift workers.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalScience Advances·DateDec 3, 2021

Probiotics improve nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, according to new study

A new study published in the journal Nutrients found that probiotics can reduce nausea and vomiting during pregnancy by up to 33% and improve quality of life symptoms. The study also identified specific gut microbes associated with higher levels of nausea, suggesting potential biomarkers for future research.

SourceUniversity of California - Davis Health·JournalNutrients·DateDec 3, 2021

Republicans lost faith in 2020 election results; Fox News played pivotal role

A study found that Republicans who consumed and trusted Fox News less had more faith in the electoral process, while Democrats grew more confident as evidence of Biden's win accumulated. Cognitive dissonance theory explains how Fox News rationalized the outcome for Republicans, leading to decreased confidence in vote legitimacy.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeSurvey·DateDec 3, 2021
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

HyVIS: Hybrid synapses to treat retinal dystrophies

The HyVIS project is a four-year European initiative that will develop bionic synapses for retinal prostheses, exploiting residual neuronal functionality to restore sensitivity to light. The approach involves plasmonic nanocannals and intelligent polymers to release neurotransmitters in response to light stimuli.

SourceIstituto Italiano di Tecnologia - IIT·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

Two-dimensional bipolar magnetic semiconductors with high Curie-temperature and electrically controllable spin polarization realized in exfoliated Cr(pyrazine)2 monolayers

Researchers have realized a 2D intrinsic bipolar magnetic semiconductor material with room temperature ferrimagnetic ordering and electrically controllable spin polarization. The material exhibits a Curie temperature of 342 K, making it suitable for high-speed nanospintronic devices.

SourceScience China Press·JournalScience China Chemistry·DateDec 3, 2021

Treadmill exercise training shows promise for managing cognitive effects of multiple sclerosis

Researchers found improvements in verbal learning and memory and preservation of hippocampal volume in participants with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis after 12 weeks of supervised treadmill walking exercise. A targeted pilot randomized controlled trial demonstrated the effectiveness of this intervention for managing cognitive ...

SourceKessler Foundation·JournalContemporary Clinical Trials·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

The placenta -- the smoking gun in cardiovascular disease

A study published in BMC Medicine found that maternal hypertension genes influence infant birth weight through effects on the placenta. The researchers analyzed fetal growth data and found a significant association between maternal genetic risk score and placental weight.

SourceTokyo Medical and Dental University·JournalBMC Medicine·DateDec 3, 2021

Bowel cancer patients at high risk of clinical levels of depression

A new study found that bowel cancer patients are at high risk of clinical levels of depression, with over a third experiencing symptoms up to five years after surgery. The study identified risk factors such as pre-existing depression and anxiety, low social support, and poor health.

SourceUniversity of Southampton·JournalColorectal Disease·TypeSurvey·DateDec 3, 2021
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

To capture single photons, researchers create an interference ‘wall’

Theorists at the University of Chicago have developed a new scheme for trapping single photons in a cavity, creating a 'wall' that prevents further photons from entering. This mechanism allows two sources to emit selected photons into a cavity before destructive interference cancels them out.

SourceUniversity of Chicago·JournalScience Advances·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 3, 2021

Sense of unreality in maternal role after uterus transplantation

A qualitative study of seven women who underwent uterine transplantation found that they experienced a mix of emotions, including anxiety and sense of unreality. The women reported feeling like most other mothers, but also struggled with the medical supervision and feelings of uncertainty.

SourceUniversity of Gothenburg·JournalHuman Reproduction·TypeCase study·DateDec 3, 2021

Light speed advances

Prof. Tingyi Gu from the University of Delaware has received a $500,000 DARPA Young Faculty Award to improve the power efficiency of digital communications. Her research focuses on manipulating light direction to create more energy-efficient photonic systems.

SourceUniversity of Delaware·DateDec 3, 2021
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Development of a single-process platform for the manufacture of graphene quantum dots

Researchers developed a single-process platform to control heteroatom bonding in graphene quantum dots, reducing fabrication time and increasing economic feasibility. The new method uses weakly alkaline precursors and computer modeling to predict chemical composition, enabling mass synthesis without post-processing or purification.

SourceNational Research Council of Science & Technology·JournalNature Communications·DateDec 3, 2021

Toys prove to be better investment than gold, art, and financial securities

A study by HSE University economists found that LEGO sets have a significant price growth rate on the secondary market, outperforming traditional investments. The authors analyzed 2,322 sets from 1987 to 2015 and discovered prices of rare sets can increase by up to +600% annually.

SourceNational Research University Higher School of Economics·JournalResearch in International Business and Finance·DateDec 3, 2021

Gene-editing used to create single sex mice litters

Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute have developed a gene-editing method to control the sex of mouse offspring, demonstrating its potential to reduce culling in scientific research and farming. The technology shows 100% efficiency in producing single-sex litters, with minimal impact on litter size.

SourceThe Francis Crick Institute·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

A new tool in the fight against rectal cancer

Researchers at Case Western Reserve University are developing an AI tool to analyze medical images and determine which rectal cancer patients require surgery. By using radiomics and machine learning techniques, the team hopes to identify patients who can avoid invasive surgery and opt for chemotherapy or radiation therapy instead.

SourceCase Western Reserve University·TypeMeta-analysis·DateDec 3, 2021
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

The uneven universe

Researchers develop new model using Mori-Zwanzig formalism to account for uneven matter distribution in the universe. The model predicts a deviation in cosmic expansion speed, offering an opportunity for experimental testing and resolving the enigma of dark energy.

SourceUniversity of Münster·JournalPhysical Review Letters·TypeNews article·DateDec 3, 2021

Characteristics of patients diagnosed with TB, COVID-19

Researchers analyzed TB and COVID-19 patients in California, finding shared sociodemographic characteristics and medical risk factors. The study highlights the importance of addressing these factors to improve health outcomes for both conditions.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateDec 3, 2021

A chewing gum that could reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission

A new chewing gum infused with plant-grown ACE2 protein can neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus in saliva, potentially reducing transmission risk. The gum, developed by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, was tested on saliva samples from COVID-19 patients and found to significantly reduce viral load.

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania·JournalMolecular Therapy·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

Long-term particulate matter pollution is associated with high blood pressure

A study by CIBERDEM and IBIMA found a significant association between long-term exposure to particulate matter pollution and the incidence of high blood pressure. The research, published in Scientific Reports, monitored 1103 people over 8 years, with 282 cases of incident high blood pressure recorded.

SourceConsorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red MP·JournalNature·TypeNews article·DateDec 3, 2021
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Infection by Chikungunya produces partial immunity against Mayaro virus

A study from the University of São Paulo found that people infected with Chikungunya may develop partial immunity to Mayaro virus. The researchers observed a significant reduction in disease severity and viral load, suggesting cross-protection through neutralizing antibodies and immune memory.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalJournal of Virology·DateDec 3, 2021

Where did western honey bees come from? New research finds the sweet spot

A new study led by York University reveals that Western Honey Bees originated in Western Asia, with genetic data suggesting a strong connection to this region. The research highlights the importance of understanding the origin and evolution of these vital pollinators to inform their management and conservation.

SourceYork University·JournalScience Advances·DateDec 3, 2021
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

Rapid test identifies antibody effectiveness against COVID-19 variants

A new rapid test developed by Duke University researchers can measure patient immunity against multiple COVID-19 variants like Omicron and Delta. The CoVariant-SCAN test uses a polymer brush coating to detect neutralizing antibodies, allowing for quick and accurate assessment of antibody effectiveness.

SourceDuke University·JournalScience Advances·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 3, 2021

Lightweight space robot with precise control developed

Developed by researchers from Harbin Institute of Technology, a new robotic arm can manipulate in environments difficult for humans and adapt to changing conditions. The arm weighs only 9.23 kilograms and can exert constant force control, enabling it to maintain contact with curved surfaces in space.

SourceBeijing Institute of Technology Press Co., Ltd·JournalSpace: Science & Technology·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateDec 3, 2021