Articles tagged with Oxides
A team of Penn State engineers found a connection between nitric oxide-expressing neurons and changes in arterial diameters in mice, shedding light on brain function and aging. The researchers discovered that approximately half of the dynamic range in blood vessel diameter is controlled by a small group of neurons.
A UVA-led team has been awarded $600,000 to develop a new coating that will enable a niobium alloy to perform at 1800°C. The HERO coating aims to increase the materials' temperature tolerance by 200 degrees Celsius, addressing a critical challenge in turbine engine technology.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz developed a new class of magnetic materials that enable faster information transfer. They were able to transmit and process information in a standard antiferromagnetic insulator at room temperature over long distances, raising the prospect of ultra-fast spintronic devices.
Researchers at UVA School of Engineering have challenged the traditional heat transfer paradigm in semiconductor design. They discovered a new mechanism called ballistic thermal injection that allows for independent optimization of optical, electrical, and thermal behavior without impacting device performance.
Giant pandas roll in horse manure to acclimatize to cold temperatures, with beta-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide playing a crucial role. The compounds inhibit the pandas' thermosensitive receptor pathway, leading to increased cold tolerance.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have developed stable catalysts for water splitting and CO2 reduction by studying atomic surface structures. The team found that specific surface angles can create microscopically small triangular holes that stabilize the material and enhance its effectiveness.
Researchers at Kyoto University discovered a method to introduce defects into perovskite oxynitrides using strain, altering their physical properties. The approach could aid in developing photocatalysts.
A team of researchers has developed biocompatible protocells that can generate nitric oxide gas, leading to blood vessel expansion. The synthetic cells are coated in red blood cell fragments and contain an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide, which is then converted into nitric oxide.
Researchers have designed a highly sensitive implantable sensor that can monitor various forms of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide in the body. The device is made from biodegradable materials, including magnesium and silicon, which dissolve at a slow pace allowing it to function during recovery periods.
Researchers unveil titanium pair as catalytically active centre, contradicting long-held assumption of isolated titanium atoms. This breakthrough has significant implications for improving existing catalysts and developing new homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.
Scientists at KAUST create a straightforward method for depositing silicon oxide onto silicon wafers using plasma processing in carbon dioxide gas. This technique resolves the problem of 'dangling bonds' and generates stable oxide films suitable for solar cells.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed a new device that more efficiently processes information using non-volatile computer memory. The breakthrough could revolutionize technologies like voice recognition, image processing, and autonomous driving by reducing energy consumption.
A comprehensive study by KIT and Auburn University finds that agricultural production is a major source of global nitrous oxide emissions, which contribute significantly to climate change. The study suggests that increasing food demand may further exacerbate the problem, highlighting the need for efficient nitrogen use in agriculture.
Researchers from Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) used artificial intelligence to create novel materials for memory devices. By controlling atomic structures, they discovered a unique ferroelectricity pattern, leading to the synthesis of a new material with unprecedented properties.
The study used Mossbauer spectroscopy to analyze iron-containing catalysts and determine their phase composition before and after thermal steam exposure. The results indicate that maghemite is reduced to magnetite when the iron oxides react with water vapor during catalytic aquathermolysis of crude oil.
Researchers developed a method to generate precisely controlled graphene microbubbles with perfect spherical curvature, suitable for use as concave reflective lenses. The high uniformity of the graphene oxide films enables precise control over bubble position, size, and stability.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a new magnetic material and recording process that can vastly increase data capacity. The process relies on high-frequency millimeter waves, allowing for more stable magnetic particles and higher storage densities.
A recent study reveals that nitrous oxide emissions are increasing at an alarming rate, with growing emissions in emerging economies driven by agricultural activity. The researchers predict that N2O emissions will continue to grow unless sustainable practices are adopted, such as best management practices for farming.
An international team of researchers confirms human-sourced nitrous oxide emissions are responsible for the 20% increase since the Industrial Revolution. The study finds that agriculture is a significant contributor to these emissions, making it challenging to mitigate their impacts and meet international climate goals.
The study found that nitrous oxide has risen 20% from pre-industrial levels, with the largest contributors coming from East Asia, South Asia, Africa, and South America. This increase is incompatible with pathways to achieve the Paris Agreement's climate goals.
A study by Uppsala University researchers suggests that nitric oxide may be an effective treatment for COVID-19, with antiviral properties that inhibit the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The compound is produced naturally in the body and has been shown to reduce inflammation and boost blood-oxygen saturation levels.
Lithium-rich oxides offer a promising solution for more sustainable and cost-effective batteries, made predominantly of Earth-abundant elements like manganese. The discovery reveals that the movement of elements other than oxygen is the primary cause of energy inefficiency in these materials.
Gallium nitride is a flawed water splitting photocatalyst due to photocorrosion damage. Combining it with iron oxide improves its working lifetime and hydrogen production rate by five times.
Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital found that inhaled nitric oxide therapy improved cardiopulmonary function and decreased inflammation in six pregnant patients with severe COVID-19. The treatment resulted in rapid resolution of viral infection within 22 days, with no adverse side effects.
Researchers developed a semitransparent photovoltaic cell with high power conversion efficiency and visible transparency, opening possibilities for power-generating windows and solar energy applications. The study showcases the potential of organic photovoltaics in serving as color-neutral, transparent power sources.
Researchers found that setting vehicle ventilation correctly can reduce exposure to pollutants like PM2.5 and NO2 by up to 49% and 34%, respectively. By closing windows and taking a 'cleaner' route, passengers can significantly lower their inhalation dose of air pollution.
Scientists discovered a way to make non-magnetic oxide materials magnetic by controlling layer growth and creating vacancies in the atomic layers. This breakthrough enables the creation of new materials with unique properties, opening up possibilities for advanced technologies.
A new hybrid anode material, Ti2Nb10O29-x/HRGO, has been developed to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The material exhibits excellent reversible capacity and cycling stability, making it a potential candidate for electric vehicles and mobile electronics.
Researchers at TU Graz have developed a method for assembling nanomaterials as desired using helium-droplet synthesis. The resulting nanoparticles have improved catalytic properties and are suitable for sensor technologies, such as laser and magnetic sensors.
Researchers from NC State University demonstrate a technique to produce streams of liquid metal at room temperature by applying a low voltage, lowering its surface tension across three orders of magnitude. The study reveals the potential applications for this technique in creating stretchable wires and studying fluid behavior.
A recent review suggests that nitric oxide has promise as a therapeutic to control the replication and rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2. The molecule has shown potential in inhibiting viral replication and regulating inflammatory cascades in pulmonary diseases.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University discovered that water molecules, not manganese derivatives, form covalent C-O bonds in graphene oxide. The study also found that the C-O bonds can be easily cleaved and remigrated along the graphene plane.
Researchers at Caltech have found bacteria that use manganese as their primary source of energy, converting carbon dioxide into biomass through chemosynthesis. This discovery sheds light on the geochemistry of groundwater and has implications for understanding manganese nodules on the seafloor.
Researchers observed how indium oxide grows on graphene, revealing the importance of background pressure and temperature in the process. The study's findings have significant implications for predicting and controlling the integration of graphene with other materials.
A team of scientists led by prof. Juan Carlos Colmenares developed an efficient reactive adsorbent that can purify air from various toxic compounds cheaply and effectively. The material, made from titanium dioxide and graphite oxide, uses photocatalysis to break down toxins into less harmful elements.
Scientists have identified a new proton-conducting material with high conductivity and oxygen-deficient layers, which could lead to more efficient and scalable fuel cell technology. This discovery could enable the development of low-cost and efficient fuel cells, crucial for a sustainable energy economy.
A study links iron levels in a Greenland ice core to Asian dust patterns over the past 110,000 years. The findings suggest that changes in solar radiation drove hemispheric-scale dust input, with more complex Fe fertilization effects during the Holocene.
A new pilot study found that three military veterans with PTSD experienced marked improvements in symptoms after inhaling a single dose of 50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen. The effects, however, were not consistent across all patients, and further research is needed to determine the treatment's efficacy and optimal dosage.
Researchers have created a new process for depositing ultra-thin layers of zinc oxide, which can be used to produce high-quality gas sensors and barrier layers. The non-pyrophoric precursor allows for safe handling and low-temperature processing, enabling the coating of plastics.
A team of scientists has found a way to generate the gas at precisely targeted locations inside the body, potentially opening new lines of research on nitric oxide's effects. The method uses an electric voltage to drive the reaction that produces nitric oxide.
Chemical engineers at UNSW Sydney have developed a new technology to convert waste carbon dioxide into chemical building blocks, producing syngas that can be used in industrial products like fuel and plastics. The process uses nanoparticles created by flame spray pyrolysis, which is cheaper and more scalable than existing methods.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University developed stable organo-inorganic hybrid nanocomposites that can effectively degrade toxic dyes in water. The composites, combining titanium oxide and noble metals, show a synergistic effect, increasing photodegradation efficiency up to 94%.
Researchers at MUSC discovered beta-arrestin2's role in regulating nitric oxide production and found that reduced levels lead to portal hypertension. Overexpression of beta-arrestin2 enhances NO production, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.
New research suggests nitric acid can boost particle growth in cold climates, forming particles even in highly polluted cities. This mechanism also affects the oxidation characteristics of organic compounds, potentially reducing aerosol formation and contributing to climate warming.
Two studies have revealed the increasing and widespread use of psychostimulants among medical students, as well as the risks associated with recreational use of laughing gas. Recreational use of laughing gas has been linked to permanent neurological damage and vitamin B12 deficiency, highlighting a growing public health concern.
A new study by researchers at the University of Copenhagen found that king penguins in Antarctica emit massive amounts of nitrous oxide via their feces, which is 300 times more polluting than CO2. The high levels of nitrous oxide are due to the combination of guano with hydrogen sulfide and other gases.
Using supervised learning algorithm, researchers reduced uncertainty in oceanic N2O emissions by substantial margins. The study reveals a vigorous seasonal cycle dominated by tropical and coastal upwelling regions
Researchers at Penn State have developed a new supercapacitor based on manganese oxide that combines the benefits of batteries and other supercapacitors. The device has high energy density and power, making it suitable for electric vehicles and wearable electronics.
A new study from North Carolina State University has developed a fast and efficient radiation detector using single-crystal gallium oxide. The detector can monitor X-ray radiation in near-real time, making it suitable for applications such as medical imaging and security.
Researchers at George Washington University have developed a silicon-based electro-optical modulator that is smaller in size and faster than existing technology. The new device uses indium tin oxide to achieve gigahertz-fast signal modulation and has the potential to enable next-generation communication networks.
The new material exhibits high toughness, excellent electrical conductivity, high ambient stability, and good electromagnetic shielding performance. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize various fields such as electronics and energy storage.
Scientists have developed a novel way to manipulate complex oxide materials by creating super-thin, flexible membranes and applying gentle heat to melt glue. This technique allowed them to stretch the material up to 8% and flip its electronic states from insulator to conductor and back again.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a method to convert triphenylphosphine oxide into triphenylphosphine by sending an electrical charge through an aluminum container, reducing waste and toxic chemicals. This process has implications for the manufacturing of medications, fertilizers, and other substances.
Scientists at Tokyo University of Science have synthesized a new thin film that can lower the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells. The novel film exhibits high conductivity at room temperatures, enabling potential applications in future power generation systems.
Researchers discovered how electrons in pyrochlore oxide crystals form a 'glassy state' due to distortions in the atomic lattice, leading to a spin-glass phenomenon. This work sheds light on understanding glass transitions and their fundamental role in physics.
Researchers from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a potassium metal battery that performs nearly as well as a lithium-ion battery, but relies on potassium for a more abundant and less expensive element. The battery solves the persistent problem of dendrites, which can cause short circuits and fires.
Lobachevsky University scientists create a new variant of the metal-oxide memristive device that holds promise for use in RRAM and novel computing systems, including neuromorphic ones. The optimized structure stabilizes resistive switching between nonlinear resistive states, enabling robust switching and low variation of resistive states.
Researchers develop process called remote epitaxy to manufacture flexible semiconducting films on a large, thick wafer. The team can then peel away the film, reuse the wafer, and create multiple functionalities in a cost-effective way.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and MIT developed a new platform to create stacked-crystal materials with hybrid properties and multiple functions. This allows for infinite combinations of materials, opening doors to new technologies in data storage, sensing, energy, biomedical devices and more.
Researchers used a new technique to study the origin of superconductivity in cuprates by overdoping a material until it disappeared. They found that purely electronic interactions likely lead to high-temperature superconductivity and that this interaction emerges exactly when superconductivity starts, strengthening as it gets stronger.