Droughts

Bigger and wetter storms mean drier conditions over time

Fires, droughts, and windstorms reduce the diversity of Amazonian vegetation

Researchers found that even in degraded forests, tree species can regenerate quickly, but vulnerable species are replaced by more resilient generalists, leading to a loss of diversity. The recovered areas are vulnerable to extreme events and climate change impacts, highlighting the need for forest conservation strategies.

Warmer winters and snow drought may threaten western U.S. water by speeding flows, study finds

A new study finds that warmer winters will lead to faster water transit times in the western United States, negatively impacting summer water levels and quality. The research focuses on the Naches River basin, where snowpack declines have already resulted in earlier spring discharges.

AMS science preview: AI forecast limits, unpredictable hurricanes, simplified heat index

New research from the American Meteorological Society explores AI forecasting limits, the impact of climate change on hurricane trends, and simplifies the heat index. The studies find that machine learning can outperform numerical physics-based models in certain conditions, but not universally.

Europe’s power grid has a big drought problem

A new study finds that when droughts strike, Europe's hydropower and renewables aren't enough to meet energy demand, forcing countries to rely on fossil fuels and increasing CO2 emissions by 180 TWh. The study also reveals that power production from fossil fuels in the EU increased by 7% of total generation in 2022.

Cacti fungal endophytes may help cacao tolerate drought

Fungal endophytes from cacti have been found to boost drought tolerance in cacao plants by controlling stomatal conductance and retaining more water. These microbes could provide a novel strategy for addressing climate change's impact on cacao production.

Much of humanity may face hot-dry extremes five times more often by end-century

Researchers project that 28% of the global population will face heightened exposure to hot-dry extremes by the 2090s, concentrated in low-income, tropical nations. Limiting emissions could avert a lot of risk, with about 18% of the population facing this level of exposure under current climate action plans.

Tropical volcanoes and Asian droughts

Researchers from the University of Tokyo have discovered a link between tropical volcanic eruptions and droughts in Asia. The study found that large eruptions can suppress monsoon convection, leading to reduced precipitation and droughts.

Better drought monitoring for dryland ecosystems

Researchers found a more reliable way to track seasonal productivity and drought stress in dryland ecosystems by combining multiple optical signals. This approach could improve drought monitoring and carbon-cycle modeling, supporting climate forecasting and ecosystem management.

How plants stop growing to survive stress

Researchers identified a mechanism allowing plants to rapidly slow growth in response to extreme stress. By limiting growth-related compounds, plants pause development and cope with stress. The finding has practical applications for developing more resilient crops.

How do thirsty plants hold out during drought?

Salk Institute scientists created a high-resolution atlas showing how droughts affect plant cells. They identified a gene, Ferric Reduction Oxidase 6 (FRO6), that could be targeted to create more resilient crops. FRO6 expression in mesophyll cells partially maintained leaf growth under drought stress.

AMS Science Preview: Mississippi River, ocean carbon storage, gender and floods

Researchers investigated the Mississippi River's hydrological trends, ocean carbon storage, and gender dynamics in flood mortality. A study found that precipitation increases, but soil moisture decreases, while high-resolution models reveal stronger Southern Ocean carbon absorption. Additionally, data showed men are overrepresented in ...

New research shows path to affordable water in fast-growing cities

A new study finds that Pune's reservoirs will likely dry up and groundwater levels will plummet by the middle of this century if the city maintains current policies. However, the research shows these outcomes can be avoided with certain policy interventions.

Shifting from biotic to abiotic drivers of urban microbial multifunctionality under drought and rehydration

Microbial community shifts from biotic to abiotic drivers under drought, with legacy effects persisting upon rehydration. Soil properties dominate recovery stages, highlighting dual focus on biology and abiotic factors for ecosystem resilience.

Where does northwest China's increasing moisture come from? New study points to local sources

A new study found that Northwest China's precipitation increase since the late 1990s is largely driven by local sources, including enhanced evapotranspiration. The region's humidification trend is fueled by warming temperatures, vegetation recovery, and increased meltwater from glaciers and snowpack.

Typhoons: the hidden lifeline in a drying world

Researchers found that removing typhoon-induced precipitation leads to sharply declining soil moisture and more severe drought conditions worldwide. The effect of typhoons varies by region, acting as a condition that exacerbates drought in some areas, while mitigating it in others.

Dangerous thunderstorms: Better models through soil-moisture data

A research team analyzed 2.2 million thunderstorm events to identify a physical explanation for their formation. The study found that differences in soil moisture generate near-surface winds, leading to intense thunderstorms. High-resolution satellite measurements of soil moisture were crucial for this analysis.

A team from the Universitat Jaume I formulates a biostimulant composition that protects crops from adverse conditions and improves harvest yields

A team from Universitat Jaume I creates a biostimulant composition using proline particles encapsulated in silica, enhancing plant tolerance to drought, high temperatures and salinity. The new compound's production process is scalable, cost-effective and reproducible, with potential for industrial-level application.

Why the planet doesn’t dry out together: scientists solve a global climate puzzle

Researchers have shown that ocean temperature patterns limit the global spread of droughts, with synchronised droughts affecting only 1.8% to 6.5% of global land. The study identified 'drought hubs' in regions like Australia, South America, and southern Africa.

Root microbes could help oak trees adapt to drought

Research found that oak tree microbiomes are resilient to environmental stressors like drought and disease, with subtle changes in root microbiota after prolonged drought. The study suggests a potential role for beneficial bacteria in supporting tree resilience and stability.

Bison hunters abandoned long-used site 1,100 years ago to adapt to changing climate

Researchers found that bison hunters stopped using a kill site in central Montana around 1,100 years ago due to severe droughts. The team's study suggests that environmental stressors, social and economic pressures, and the need for larger hunting operations drove the abandonment of the site.

Chungnam National University study finds climate adaptation can ease migration pressures in Africa

A study by Chungnam National University finds that climate adaptation can significantly reduce migration from drought and armed conflict in Africa. Countries with stronger adaptive capacity experience lower migration levels during crisis conditions, highlighting the importance of policies addressing environmental and security threats.

Europe’s crop droughts to get worse even as rain increases

Climate change is projected to exacerbate agricultural droughts in Europe and western North America, even in areas with increasing rainfall. Soils will dry out faster than water can replenish them, leading to more frequent and severe crop droughts.

El Niño and La Niña make water extremes move in sync

Researchers have found that El Niño and La Niña are driving total water storage extremes globally, with a synchronizing effect on water storage across continents. The study uses gravity data from NASA's GRACE and GRACE Follow-On satellites to track water extremes and their connections.

Researchers uncover conserved "switch" for crop drought resistance

Knocking out the OsDT5 gene boosts drought resistance in rice, corn, and wheat, as well as the bryophyte Physcomitrium patens. The study provides a unified mechanistic framework for drought adaptation in terrestrial plants.

Detection, attribution, and projection of hot droughts at weekly, monthly, seasonal, and annual scales across the globe

Research identified regional and global changes in hot droughts across timescales, with increased frequency and spatial extent observed globally. Human influence was found to play a significant role in driving these changes.

Study quantifies ‘hot drought’ impact: 2025 Los Angeles wildfire risk amplified by up to 210%

Global climate change intensifies extreme weather events like heatwaves and droughts, altering wildfire patterns worldwide. The study quantifies the impact of 'hot drought' on 2025 LA wildfires, showing an increased risk by up to 210%. Additionally, strong Santa Ana winds played a significant role in fire spread.

UN University Report challenges climate change as sole trigger of Syrian Civil War, exposing governance failures in drought response

The report debunks the 'climate war' theory, revealing that Syria's civil war was rooted in policy and socioeconomic failures. The agricultural sector rebounded quickly after a severe drought, with satellite imagery showing cropland activity returned to near-record levels just before the war began.

AMS Science Preview: Volcanic rain, dust storms, and unstable Antarctic air

Recent research reveals that volcanic eruptions can cause unpredictable weather patterns, including volcanic rain, dust storms, and unstable Antarctic air. The study also found that the Antarctic surface atmosphere has become less stable and more prone to gravity waves since the 1950s.

A new ‘hypertropical’ climate is emerging in the Amazon

The Amazon is shifting to a hotter, drier climate with more intense droughts, stressing trees and increasing mortality rates. By 2100, hot drought conditions could occur up to 150 days per year, affecting tree species that are vulnerable to heat stress.

Sky-high smoke

A study published in Science Advances found that unusually large particles of wildfire smoke had a significant cooling effect on the region they were observed in, increasing outgoing radiation by 30-36% compared to smaller smoke particles. This effect has not been included in current climate models.

Researchers find promising adaptations to climate change in tropical forests

Researchers at Colorado State University found that some tropical forest plants are adapting to drought by growing longer root systems, potentially helping reduce vulnerability. The study's findings suggest flexibility under drying conditions may rescue the forest, but long-term implications remain uncertain.

Rapid changes in meteorological conditions govern how plants influence climate and air quality

A new study reveals that plant gas emissions are triggered by rapid changes in weather, not just dry conditions. The research shows that vegetation responds immediately to shifts in humidity and temperature, changing the rate of emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) into the air.

Climate change: Major droughts linked to ancient Indus Valley Civilization’s collapse

A study suggests that prolonged droughts lasting over 85 years contributed to the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization. The civilization, which existed around 5,000-3,500 years ago, was characterized by advanced cities and sophisticated water management systems.

AMS Science Preview: Railways and cyclones; pinned clouds; weather warnings in wartime

Researchers investigate how adjacent cities exacerbate each other's heat island effects. A study also highlights the need for improved hindcasting infrastructure in climate science. Additionally, a campaign monitors pinned clouds over industrial sources of heat and finds that trees are more reliable against heat stress than buildings.

Study: Rio Grande basin at serious risk from overuse of water

A new study found the Rio Grande basin is severely depleted, with only half of used water being replenished by natural processes. The primary cause of overconsumption is irrigated agriculture, particularly cattle-feed crops like alfalfa and grass hay.

The future fate of water in the Andes

Researchers project that Chile's glaciers will only be able to contribute half of today's runoff meltwater during extreme dry summer months. They call for effective water management strategies and coordinated global climate policies to mitigate future megadroughts.

Diverse forests are more resistant to climate change

A recent study published in Global Change Biology found that functional diversity helps keep forest growth stable during prolonged periods of drought. Trees with different water-use strategies show stronger growth in drought years than those with opposite strategies.

Dry grass: Research project explores the effect of multi-year drought on grasslands

A recent paper in the journal Science investigates the impact of drought on grasslands, finding that moderate droughts do not lead to long-term losses. In contrast, extreme droughts can cause significant species loss and reduced plant life. The study's results have implications for global carbon and climate modeling.

Conflict, climate change and public health

The Lancet Countdown report links climate change to violence and community health, emphasizing the need for social and economic changes to prevent conflict. Strengthening food systems and ensuring emergency responses can reduce grievances and protect healthcare workers.

Africa acacias ‘go for broke’ to grow, use up water to survive drought

Researchers studied the genetic response of umbrella acacia and splendid thorn acacia to drought stress. The study found that umbrella acacias prioritize continued growth over water conservation when water is scarce, using up all accessible water to survive severe droughts. In contrast, splendid thorn acacias invest in water conservati...

International scientists issue State of the Climate Report, highlight mitigation strategies

A new report published in BioScience reveals Earth's climate crisis is accelerating at an alarming rate, with 22 of 34 planetary vital signs now at record levels. The study emphasizes that climate change mitigation strategies are available and urgently needed to limit warming.

Atlantic multidecadal oscillation identified as key driver of compound hot drought events over Northern East Asia

Researchers identified AMO as key driver of compound hot drought events in Northern East Asia, with periods of weakening and strengthening linked to changes in climate. The study provides a new physical perspective for understanding variability in the region's hot droughts and offers insights for improving decadal climate prediction.

Smart hormone technologies could help sugarcane survive droughts and floods

A new review highlights how exogenous phytohormones can strengthen sugarcane's ability to cope with both drought and waterlogging. Emerging technologies like robotic systems and nanotechnology are being developed to deliver hormones precisely when and where they are needed.

Effects of extreme drought on vital plant ecosystems

Research reveals that even native ecosystems can't adapt to extreme drought conditions, leading to significant impacts on plant growth and productivity. Productivity declines by up to 77% in four years under consecutive extreme droughts.

Research shows how Dust Bowl-type drought causes unprecedented productivity loss

A global research effort by Colorado State University reveals that extreme, prolonged droughts in grasslands and shrublands result in more than twice the loss of plant productivity compared to moderate droughts. The study suggests that these ecosystems lose their ability to recover over time under prolonged dry conditions.

Unveiling the impact of compound drought and wildfire events on PM2.5 air pollution in the era of climate change

Researchers found a strong link between compound droughts and wildfires in California, leading to increased fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations. The study shows that severe droughts can substantially raise wildfire risk, with PM2.5 levels increasing by 9.5·m³ under extreme conditions.

UK heatwaves overwhelm natural ecological safeguards to increase wildfire risk

A recent study found that UK heatwaves have led to unseasonable drying of vegetation, bypassing natural ecological processes that limit the spread of wildfires. The extreme heat conditions increased the risk of wildfire incidents, with a 500% increase in 999 calls and 14 major incidents during the 2022 heatwave.

Parched soils can spark hot drought a nation away

Researchers found compound drought-heatwave events rippling and persisting through the night, exacerbating heat-related health risks. Soil dryness plays a key role in triggering these extreme events, which can affect crops, wildfires, and daily life.

AMS science preview: global heat record false? Rainier storms

Recent research from the American Meteorological Society reveals a false global heat record, suggests that severe weather events are increasing in frequency, and predicts an expansion of fire-prone areas. The study also examines the impact of cold wakes on tropical cyclone rainfall and finds that they intensify with global warming.

Panama Canal may face frequent extreme water lows in coming decades

A new study found that historic droughts could become common for Gatún Lake, the main source of water for the Panama Canal locks. The study projects that water levels will decrease and increase evaporation under high-emissions scenarios.

Running dry – a new study warns of extreme water scarcity in the coming decades

A new study reveals that global warming is accelerating the risk of multi-year droughts leading to extreme water scarcity. The frequency of Day Zero Droughts will increase sharply over the coming decades, affecting 750 million people globally by the end of this century.

New study shows proactive forest management reduces high severity wildfire by 88% and stabilizes carbon during extreme droughts

A new study found that proactive forest management can significantly reduce the risk of high-severity wildfires by 88% and stabilize carbon stocks. The research analyzed over 200 fuel reduction projects in California's Central Sierra and found that treated forests stored carbon more durably, even after extreme droughts.

Deforestation reduces rainfall by 74% and increases temperatures by 16% in the Amazon during the dry season, study says

Researchers found that deforestation is responsible for a significant reduction in rainfall and increase in temperature in the Amazon during the dry season. The study quantifies the impact of forest loss and global climate change on the biome, highlighting the importance of preserving standing forests to maintain climate resilience.

How drought and ozone pollution team up to reduce soybean yield

A new study reveals that drought and ozone pollution significantly reduce soybean yield, regardless of drought stress levels. Researchers found that elevated ozone concentrations disrupt photosynthesis and hormone signaling in plants, leading to reduced yield and seed development.

Industry managed forests more likely to fuel megafires

Research led by the University of Utah found that industrial private land has nearly one-and-a-half times higher odds of high-severity wildfire compared to publicly owned forests. Reducing tree density can mitigate megafire risk even in extreme weather conditions.

Drought, extreme heat, and intimate partner violence in low- and middle-income countries

A cross-sectional study of 42 countries found that drought conditions are associated with increased intimate partner violence risk. The study suggests a pressing need for initiatives to prevent domestic violence in response to climate change.

Stalagmites in Mexican caves reveal duration and severity of drought during the Maya collapse

A study using stalagmite analysis found eight wet season droughts lasting over three years between 871-1021 CE, contributing to the Maya civilization's decline. This climate data aligns with historical and archaeological evidence, providing a new framework for analyzing human-climate interactions.

Mediterranean climate’s future: a swing between droughts and downpours

A new data-driven model predicts repeating drought and rain cycles in the central Mediterranean, supporting long-term water planning. The study offers a simpler alternative to conventional Global Circulation Models for understanding climate-related phenomena.

Global network taps tree rings to study impact of tropical drought

Researchers analyzed 20,000 tree-ring records to find that tropical trees grow 2.5% less during droughts, but recover almost completely the following year. Drier regions show greater reductions in growth and increased tree mortality.