Articles tagged with Applied Physics
Researchers developed a novel spintronic-metasurface terahertz emitter that generates broadband, circularly polarized, and coherent terahertz waves. The design offers flexible manipulation of the polarization state and helicity with magnetic fields, enabling efficient generation and control of chiral terahertz waves.
Researchers at University of Michigan developed a method to predict EV battery life by measuring internal resistance, providing a quick and inexpensive step in development. This approach uses low-level charge measurements to estimate battery lifespan, potentially reducing testing time from weeks to seconds.
Researchers created a shape-shifting material that can morph into any stable shape, enabling independent control of geometry and mechanics. The totimorphic structural materials have the potential to be used in robotics, biotechnology, architecture, and other applications.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have developed a simple spatial light modulator made from gold electrodes covered by a thin film of electro-optical material. This device can control light intensity and pixel by pixel, enabling compact, high-speed, and precise optical devices.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences developed a metasurface using ultra-deep holes to focus light to a single spot, achieving a record-breaking aspect ratio of nearly 30:1. This breakthrough enables the creation of large achromatic metalenses with diverse color control capabilities.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science developed a computationally quick approach to predict molten droplet solidification on a solid surface. The model simulates the solidification process by considering the droplet behavior and heat transfer between the hotter droplet and cooler surface, replicating experiments with high accuracy.
Researchers developed an attention-based deep neural network to detect multiple ship targets, exceeding conventional networks' performance. The model focused on inherent features of the two ships simultaneously, outperforming traditional approaches.
A Texas A&M University study found that physics outreach programs have a positive effect on both students and their audiences, boosting confidence, skills, and career readiness in STEM fields. The programs provide experiential learning opportunities beyond classrooms, promoting deeper understanding and enhanced job prospects.
Researchers have found a way to stabilize the novel quantum effect in graphene at room temperature, which could lead to breakthroughs in data storage and computer components. The discovery was made using standard microfabrication techniques and showed that the material can generate its own magnetic field.
Using observations, lab experiments, theory, and computation, researchers have developed a simple theory to explain the form and growth of apples' cusp-like features. The team found that mechanical instability and underlying fruit anatomy play joint roles in giving rise to multiple cusps in fruits.
The 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics presents cutting-edge research on nuclear astrophysics, quantum technology, and rare isotopes. Researchers will discuss breakthroughs such as the most precise measurement of neutron lifetime and novel experiments measuring neutron skin in calcium.
Researchers have measured the transverse electrical resistivity of a single carbon fiber using the van der Pauw method, revealing directional-dependent properties. This discovery paves the way for developing lightning strike protection technologies for aerospace and other industries.
A team of researchers from Harvard and MIT observed hydrodynamic electron flow in three-dimensional tungsten ditelluride for the first time using a new imaging technique. The findings provide a promising avenue for exploring non-classical fluid behavior in hydrodynamic electron flow, such as steady-state vortices.
A recent study employs machine learning to guide the design of novel materials for CO2 capture, identifying elemental composition and textural properties as key factors. The research team's findings suggest prioritizing adsorption parameters and surface area optimization for high CO2 adsorption efficiency.
Researchers at Aalto University created unexpected droplet shapes, including squares and hexagons, by disrupting thermodynamic equilibrium with electric fields. The liquids formed into interconnected lattices and torus shapes, stable for a controlled duration.
Researchers designed a tubular phononic crystal to sense biochemical and physical properties of liquids. The device demonstrates sensitivity to liquid density and speed of sound, making it suitable for sensing applications.
Researchers generate circularly polarized light at room temperature, a breakthrough for optical quantum information processing. The device uses strained semiconductors to produce twisting 'chiral' valley-polarized light, promising vast data storage capabilities.
Researchers discovered that particulate emissions from auxiliary heaters can be significantly higher than those of idling gasoline vehicles, raising concerns about their environmental impact. The study highlights the need for further research on the use and development of heaters to reduce emissions.
Lehigh University researchers are developing a model to understand the impact of grain growth on material properties. The project aims to create new materials informatics methods, innovative stochastic differential equations, and models of grain growth to improve material performance and reliability.
Researchers found that thin films in black tea are strengthened by chemically hardened water, making it suitable for packaged tea beverages. Conversely, acidic components like citrus reduce film visibility and add flavor to dried tea mixes.
Researchers at Arizona State University studied the physics behind humans balancing coffee while walking, revealing a natural mode of flexibility that mimics human motion. The findings can be used to design smart robots to adaptively handle complex objects in changing environments.
Researchers from India and Saudi Arabia have combined oxidation and photocatalysis to create a heterogeneous photo-Fenton system that degrades phenols at higher rates than individual approaches. The system is highly photostable and reusable, making it promising for practical applications in wastewater purification.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute and PPPL confirm a major advance in stellarator performance, achieving temperatures twice as great as the sun's core. The XICS diagnostic instrument revealed a sharp reduction in neoclassical transport, a type of heat loss that has historically been greater in classical stellarators.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed a novel electrocatalyst that can effectively produce hydrogen and oxygen from water at low cost. The catalyst, composed of transition metal phosphates, achieves high surface area and fast charge transfer, making it suitable for commercial on-site production of hydrogen.
UMass Lowell students have designed and built a miniature satellite, SPACE HAUC, which will be launched into Earth's orbit this fall. The satellite aims to demonstrate fast data transmission technology, and its success will train the next generation of astronomers and space scientists.
Researchers at the University of Bonn developed a method to visualize laser beams in a vacuum, allowing for precise alignment of individual atoms. This breakthrough enables faster and more accurate quantum optics experiments, potentially leading to advancements in computing and materials science.
The study reveals that the capacity of sodium ions can match today's lithium-ion batteries, offering a cost-efficient and abundant alternative for energy storage. The unique structure of Janus graphene enables high-capacity energy storage, with specific capacities approaching those of lithium in graphite.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science developed a self-powered diaper sensor that monitors urine sugar levels, providing an alternative biomarker for blood sugar monitoring. The sensor uses a biofuel cell powered by glucose in the urine, detecting sugar levels within 1 second and simplifying caretaking tasks.
Scientists have successfully visualized the molecular motion of a highly unstable compound, 10-mesityl-1,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)-9-phosphaanthracene, using novel spectroscopic techniques. The study revealed unprecedented molecular motions and structure information, shedding light on its radical reactivity and potential applications.
A University of Missouri researcher is using a grant from the National Science Foundation to explore how time can factor in a building collapse. She's conducting thousands of hours of laboratory tests to determine the breaking points of reinforced concrete building materials.
A research team at POSTECH has developed a biocompatible nanomotor that mimics life's autonomous motility using glucose as fuel. The nanomotors exhibit directional propulsion, overcoming Brownian motion, and show potential for intracellular targeted drug delivery and precise cell manipulation.
Researchers at Harvard SEAS have demonstrated a new way to control polarized light using metasurfaces, enabling holographic images with an unlimited number of polarization states and manipulation in virtually infinite directions. This advancement could lead to applications in imaging, microscopes, displays, and astronomy.
Researchers at Aalto University have discovered that fibrous red phosphorous, when electrons are confined in its one-dimensional sub-units, shows large optical responses. The material demonstrates giant anisotropic linear and non-linear optical responses, as well as emission intensity.
A team of researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a novel imaging method using metal-atom tracers in HAADF-STEM to determine the conformational structures of complex polynuclear coordination compounds. The technique achieves accurate visualization of highly branched molecules, filling a gap in structural analysis.
A new study developed a wearable technology-based method to assess myoclonus symptoms in the home environment. The method, which measures electrical neuromuscular function and movement, correlates well with assessments performed by experienced physicians.
The University of Washington is leading a new NSF institute focused on using artificial intelligence to understand dynamic systems, which describe chaotic situations where conditions are constantly shifting and hard to predict. The institute aims to integrate fundamental AI theory with applications in critical technological areas.
Scientists demonstrate a new technique to generate magnetic waves in antiferromagnets, producing speeds much larger than the speed of sound. This discovery could lead to future electronic devices with reduced power consumption.
Researchers simulated 3 million swimming race times to show that certain quartzite oscillator-based devices round times incorrectly. This can result in changes of one one-hundredth of a second, potentially affecting the outcome of sporting events.
Scientists have discovered a novel way to classify magnetized plasmas, which could lead to advances in harvesting fusion energy on Earth. The discovery reveals that a magnetized plasma has 10 unique phases, with transitions between them supporting localized wave excitations.
Researchers developed a synthetic tree to enhance solar steam generation, which can turn solar energy into heat to harvest drinking water. The tree overcomes the limit in capillary force by mimicking transpiration, allowing for increased efficiency and scalability.
Photodynamic therapy has shown promising results in treating respiratory tract infections and some types of cancer. Adding antibodies to the treatment can increase its efficacy, making it an attractive option for rapid responses to pandemics. The new approach uses viral antibodies attached to light-absorbing molecules to target viruses...
Researchers created a bioengineering approach for functional muscle regeneration by combining biochemical signals and topographical cues. The technique improved muscle function restoration in injured rats, with over 80% recovery rate, and integrated well with neural and vascular systems.
Researchers used 4D printing to create a biomimetic microchannel scaffold made of collagen and hydroxyapatite, inducing blood vessel growth in a mouse model. The scaffold's unique structure allows for enhanced water absorption and cell infiltration.
Researchers have identified a complex network of genes controlling sleep cycles that can be understood and potentially changed. This knowledge could lead to medicines for individuals with disrupted circadian rhythms and improved crop production.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new method to harness waste heat from wearables using nanotube-based thermoelectric generation. This technology converts uneven heat distribution into electrical energy, reducing the need for batteries and making wearable devices more sustainable.
An international team of researchers is working on creating bactericidal surfaces inspired by natural materials like insect wings and lotus leaves. These features can be used to kill bacteria and reduce infection rates in medical implants.
Researchers replaced regenerator materials with activated carbon, increasing cooling capacity and reducing temperature fluctuations. The use of superactivated carbon particles enabled the creation of a low-cost alternative to precious metals.
Researchers aim to create implant surfaces with antibacterial features, inspired by natural materials like insect wings and lotus leaves. The goal is to reduce prosthetic infections, which cause significant costs to healthcare systems.
Researchers have developed ceramic materials to enhance circulators, critical devices for 5G applications, by replacing yttrium with bismuth to increase energy density and enable miniaturization
Researchers at Leipzig University have developed a new model that enables precise determination of the features in complex pore networks, revealing potential applications in drug release, sensor technology and energy storage.
Researchers developed a microwave-assisted magnetic recording technology that exploits the flux control effect to improve hard disk performance. The FC device operates effectively at high write rates, exceeding conventional write head performance and showing promise for extending areal density.
A highly sensitive wearable sensor can detect early COVID-19 symptoms and monitor heart disease by detecting subtle cardiac and respiratory movements. The device, made of skin-safe material, is small enough to be attached directly to the patient's body.
A new study reveals the physical and chemical interactions that sequester carbon in soil, showing layers of carbon around organic interfaces and a crucial role for nitrogen. This breakthrough technique may help develop strategies for sequestering more carbon in soil, mitigating climate change.
Scientists developed vanadium-doped titanium dioxide spindles that sensitize cancerous tumors to ultrasound waves, killing tumor cells without harming healthy tissue. The spindles catalyze chemical processes in the tumor microenvironment, attacking cells with sound waves and chemotherapy.
Researchers create a sodium cathode material inspired by mammal bones, featuring a porous system with a dense shell of reduced graphene oxide. The design enhances stability and allows for ultrahigh rate charging and long cycle life.
Researchers have developed microfiber- and nanofiber-based wearables that can track vital signs like blood pressure and cholesterol levels. These technologies could lead to non-invasive health monitoring for chronic illnesses.
Researchers used computer simulations to study the interaction between plasma jets and biological tissue. They found that biomaterial-like surfaces can lead to multiple reflections of the plasma jet, increasing the number of electrons and radicals, which play a role in wound healing, antimicrobial drugs, and cancer therapy.
Researchers used conductive fillers like single-walled carbon nanotubes to improve battery performance. The study found that combining NCM electrodes with as little as 0.16% by weight of SWCNT produced good electrical conductivity.
Researchers have developed core-sheath polymer fibers that combine strength with bioactivity, enabling various biomedical applications. The fibers can be tailored to specific needs by carefully selecting inner and outer layer materials, and can even include antiviral agents or drugs.
The American Physical Society has selected five researchers affiliated with Jefferson Lab as its 2020 Fellows. The winners include two staff scientists and three others who have conducted or collaborated on research at the lab. Their work has furthered our understanding of the subatomic world.