Articles tagged with Applied Physics
Andone C. Lavery has been recognized for her work on zooplankton and physical microstructure using broadband acoustic measurement methods, providing new understanding of ocean physical processes and marine biology. The award also acknowledges her Arctic oil spill research, which shares similarities with Walter Munk's ATOC work.
Researchers in China have successfully grown ferroelectric thin films with symmetric oxide electrodes, stabilizing flux-closure domains and their periodic arrays. This finding disproves previous theories and opens up new possibilities for the evolution of these structures under external electric fields.
Scientists use nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations to model gene movement and develop 'switches' that initiate and terminate gene drives, balancing genetic traits with embedded weaknesses. They also find that intense release in specific regions can trigger spreading, but can be stopped by barriers like pesticides.
Scientists use electron pulses to create and manipulate nanoscale magnetic excitations that can store data, confirming dynamic understandings provided by theory. Tailored electron pulses can swiftly write, erase or switch topologically protected magnetic textures such as skyrmions.
Researchers used a lattice-Botzmann method to simulate the impact of microdroplets on dry surfaces, revealing distinct physics at the microscopic level. They found that droplet sizes in spray cooling are three orders of magnitude smaller than previously studied millimeter-size droplets, and that this affects their dynamics.
A team of researchers has discovered magnetic vortex-antivortex pairs arising from correlated electron spins in a newly engineered trilayer material. The finding could advance memory cells and points to the potential development of 3-D magnetic logic circuits.
Researchers applied novel method to test 'Einstein's equivalence principle' using rubidium atoms in quantum superposition states, confirming its validity with high precision. The study has potential applications in navigation, time measurements, and searching for mineral deposits.
Researchers developed a magnetoelectric random access memory cell that can increase power efficiency and decrease heat waste by orders of magnitude for read operations at room temperature. This innovation has the potential to aid production of devices with lower energy consumption, such as instant-on laptops and data storage centers.
Researchers have developed a prototype for a spin-wave majority logic gate that utilizes wave interference to process information. This innovation uses spin waves instead of classical currents or voltages, enabling the creation of nanoscale devices with improved efficiency and reliability.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new 'jumping droplet' technique that effectively cools mobile hotspots by harnessing the power of surface energy. This breakthrough method, reported in Applied Physics Letters, enables efficient heat dissipation in all directions, outperforming existing methods.
A team of researchers in Germany and Canada has successfully demonstrated a proof of concept for fully inkjet-printable flexible resistive memory. This breakthrough enables the mass production of printable electronics with mechanically flexible memory tiles, using commercially available materials.
Researchers designed a new focusing method for HIFU therapy, generating a subwavelength-scale focal region and extremely high ultrasound intensity. The lattice Boltzmann method modeling improves acoustic simulations and provides detailed information needed for estimating transducer performance.
Wealth distribution is closely tied to the evolutionary movement of all 'streams' of society, according to the Constructal Law. The law reveals that wealth and fuel use are increasing over time, making inequality a natural phenomenon.
Researchers have developed a new model that better calculates the expected level of capillary rise in nano-channels, which is crucial for fracking. The model takes into account the surface roughness of the capillaries and adjusts parameters to account for frictional drag.
A Japanese team of researchers has successfully applied a new material, MgGa2O4, to a tunnel barrier in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs), achieving large tunnel magnetoresistance ratios and low device resistance. This breakthrough opens the possibility for new spintronic applications.
A group of researchers has developed a method to control magnetism by curving nanomagnets, inducing chiral textures within the magnetization field. This discovery could lead to stable vortex-antivortex pairs for future data storage and random access memory devices.
Researchers at the University of Barcelona have developed a new bonding technique for chips using inkjet printers with silver nanoparticles, enabling the creation of rigid and flexible hybrid circuitry. The method uses inkjet printing technology to assemble surface mount devices, achieving high electrical conductivity and reliability.
A new study uses condensed matter theory to investigate the role of personal initiative in overcoming inequality. The researchers find that, under certain conditions, sufficient individual initiative can lead to reduced inequality, but this effect is short-lived due to the disappearance of frustration.
Physicists at University of Bonn create method to quickly and precisely sort large numbers of atoms, pushing development of future quantum computers forward. The technique allows atoms to interact with each other in targeted manner to exploit quantum-mechanical effects for calculations.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered the precise atomic structure giving rise to negative differential resistance. This breakthrough enables practical applications in everyday electronics like phones and computers, promising faster, cheaper, and smaller devices.
Researchers have developed a 3D printable sonic tractor beam that can trap small beads, insects, and even biological samples using sound waves. The device is created by designing a metamaterial with tubes of different lengths, which shape the sound waves to create a trapping environment.
A team of Indian researchers created a model to describe the diffusion of liquids through paper, revealing new theoretical details. The study aims to control liquid spreading for precise creation of products involving paper-based technologies.
A collaborative effort demonstrates that the physical properties of SrTiO3 can be changed by a simple electrical treatment, creating the effect known as piezoelectricity. This discovery opens a new chapter for research into new materials and unusual properties.
A team of German researchers has developed a way to use microbubbles to power micro-robots wirelessly, offering multiple advantages over previous techniques. The approach allows for individual addressing, no on-board electronics, and scalability to sub-millimeter size.
Researchers have developed a formula to understand where quantum objects land when transmitted, offering insights for controlling open quantum systems. The formula suggests that 'rain gutters' and 'gates' can be engineered to manipulate quantum objects, either after they land or during their flow.
Researchers have developed a new fiber that offers higher tensile stroke and is triggered at temperatures lower than its predecessors, with potential applications in medical devices and self-healing materials. The fiber's unique geometry provides greater flexibility and thermal expansion/contraction properties.
A team of researchers has successfully demonstrated the synchronization of optical clocks across a low-lying, strongly turbulent, 12-km horizontal air path using a frequency comb. They achieved femtosecond-level clock synchronization by measuring the arrival time of pulses at each site and correcting for the finite speed of light.
UCSB researchers create high-performance tunable dielectrics using molecular beam epitaxy, overcoming material quality issues. The advancement enables adaptive electronic systems with potential applications in cellular communications and phased-array antennas.
A team of researchers at Jadavpur University in India has devised a way to recycle fish byproducts into an energy harvester that can generate electricity from mechanical stress. The energy harvester, made from fish scales, is capable of scavenging various types of ambient energies and powering small devices.
Researchers developed a miniature tabletop test device to study explosions with unprecedented accuracy, revealing key dynamics of hot spots. The new instrument helps control hot spots, crucial for safer explosives.
A research team has developed a method to 'freeze' newly created microbubbles in their tracks, enabling potential applications in medicine, such as ultrasound contrast agents and gas embolotherapy. This breakthrough could also improve the nuclear industry by controlling microbubbles in liquid sodium coolant.
Scientists have successfully fabricated monolayer graphene nanoribbons with well-defined zigzag edges, exhibiting high electron mobility and clean energy band gaps. This breakthrough could enable large-scale processing of high-quality graphene nanoribbons for spintronic devices.
Researchers at Yale University have created a novel system to encode, spot errors, decode and correct errors in a quantum bit, extending its lifetime more than three times longer than typical superconducting qubits. This breakthrough enables the use of Quantum Error Correction (QEC) for real computing.
Researchers at Drexel University have developed a fabrication method for swimming microrobots using just two conjoined microparticles coated with magnetic debris. The microswimmers can be controlled by an external magnetic field, allowing for control over speed and direction.
Researchers develop a novel approach to measure individual coating layers of automotive paints using time-of-flight measurements of ultrashort THz pulses. The algorithm-informed computer model resolves layer thicknesses below seven microns with high accuracy.
Droplets on a surface can catapult away contaminants without superhydrophobic coatings, inspired by pogo jumping. Researchers at Duke University and the University of British Columbia investigate this mechanism to develop more durable self-cleaning systems.
Researchers at NASA Ames discovered that varying hydrogen droplet sizes influence the burning process of liquid hydrogen-oxygen mixtures. The study reveals new mechanisms and requires a deeper understanding of evaporation and burning processes.
Scientists have developed a new nanoscale probe to study electrochemical properties, which could lead to significant improvements in battery and fuel cell performance. The device can measure local variations in material properties, allowing researchers to better understand how electrochemical systems work.
Researchers create simulation model to account for sphere roughness in experiments, enabling accurate measurements and electrical conductivity. The model predicts a sweet spot for optimal contact area, reducing friction and minimizing damage.
A team of Yale scientists has created a more exotic type of Schrödinger's cat-like state that can exist in two boxes simultaneously, leveraging entanglement to enable error correction and logical operations in quantum computing. This breakthrough builds upon decades of development in circuit quantum electrodynamics.
Scientists have developed a new technique to dope single-crystal diamonds with boron at relatively low temperatures without degrading the crystal. This breakthrough enables selective doping, allowing for more control when making devices.
Researchers are studying the lowest vocal register, called vocal fry, to better understand its emotional properties and how it affects listeners. The technique has become popular in pop and country music, with female singers' use of vocal fry rating them as more expressive.
A group of South Korean researchers combine superhydrophobic surfaces with Leidenfrost levitation to create highly water-repellent surfaces. The study reveals an anomalous water droplet-bouncing phenomenon generated by the combined impact of the Leidenfrost effect and nonwetting Cassie state.
Researchers discovered significant deviations from the Critical State Model, revealing unexpected behavior favorable for practical applications. The study suggests using 'trapped field magnets' in various new ways and applications, including replacing expensive low-temperature superconducting magnets with more affordable alternatives.
Researchers at Penn State University have developed a unique blend of ferroelectric polymers that can hold absorbed heat even after the external field has been switched off. This allows the material to generate cooling when the field is turned on, but no subsequent heating when the field is turned off.
Researchers developed a new method that uses plasma to deposit nanomaterials onto flexible surfaces and 3-D objects. The technique can produce wearable chemical and biological sensors, flexible memory devices, batteries, and integrated circuits with improved efficiency and reduced costs.
Researchers have created a statistical model to forecast extreme waves, which are large and spontaneous ocean waves that can be deadly. The model uses joint statistics of multiple points in time or space to capture wave heights and turbulent air flows, greatly reducing complexity and obeying the Fokker-Planck equation.
Researchers propose that a universe with diverse body sizes reduces gravitational tension faster due to the natural tendency of systems to evolve toward reduced tension. This phenomenon is a manifestation of the Constructal Law, which states that natural systems facilitate flow.
A Duke University theorist proposes that the universe's varied body sizes are a result of internal tension release through hierarchical formation. This concept is rooted in Bejan's constructal law, which states that flowing systems will tend towards easier architecture by releasing tension through smaller, more numerous bodies.
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered a new physics of antiferromagnets, where an applied current induces magnetization switching in neighboring ferromagnets. The findings enable the development of ultralow-power integrated circuits and neuromorphic computing devices with fast and reliable control.
Researchers at CNRS and University of Lorraine develop a coiled-up acoustic metasurface that achieves total acoustic absorption in very low-frequency ranges. The absorber's deep-subwavelength thickness enables it to handle large wavelengths with reduced size structure, making it physically practical for most applications.
Researchers developed a device that produces tiny capsules with multiple inner ingredients, which can be triggered to mix and release toxic product only near the tumor site. The method has shown promise for increasing drug efficiency while reducing side effects in cancer treatment.
A RIKEN group led by Kosuke Morita has discovered element 113, the first superheavy element found in Asia. The discovery was confirmed through a series of experiments that demonstrated the decay chain of the new element.
Researchers have discovered that boron nitride nanotubes can create even stronger and more stable materials when combined with lightweight polymers than previously thought. The unique properties of boron nitride nanotubes make them an attractive alternative to carbon nanotubes for aerospace and other industries.
Researchers have developed an autonomous fixed-wing micro air vehicle (MAV) inspired by the way kestrels hover above their prey. The MAV gains height from convenient updrafts, making it more efficient and extending its working range for tasks such as package delivery and surveillance.
Scientists and teachers developed a simple spreadsheet-based method to teach aerodynamic drag to 14-15 year olds. Students measured speed and frontal area while biking, then calculated the drag coefficient using an Excel spreadsheet. The approach engaged students and showed that computers can simplify complex physics problems.
Researchers at the University of Belgrade developed a graphene-based microphone with up to 15 dB higher sensitivity compared to commercial nickel-based microphones. The graphene membrane was grown on a nickel foil using chemical vapour deposition and showed potential for ultrasonic performance.
The study, published in European Journal of Physics, uses classic work on 'water bells' to explain why the falling curtain of chocolate pulls inwards. Surface tension is the primary force responsible for this phenomenon.
Scientists at the University of Auckland have created a soft, flexible, and stretchable keyboard using dielectric elastomers. The keyboard can flex and stretch, recovering from drops and impacts, making it ideal for various applications such as gaming and motion capture.
Researchers at Lehigh University and the University of Colorado Boulder discovered that an electric field can lower the softening temperature of glass, allowing for significant energy savings in traditional forming approaches. This phenomenon has potential applications in micro- and nano-forming operations and high-precision nanostamping.