Articles tagged with Applied Physics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The development of molecular qubits that operate at telecom frequencies enables the creation of ultra-secure communication channels and precise sensing capabilities. These tiny molecules can be integrated into chips and used for computing, communication, or sensing, paving the way for compact quantum devices.
Aarhus University researchers have developed a transparent layer with silver nanorings that adapts to sunlight intensity, controlling heat entry through glass without dimming the view. The thermoplasmonic effect reduces near-infrared transmission, lowering cooling demand and CO₂ emissions in energy-efficient buildings.
Delta.g, a UK-based quantum technology company, has raised £4.6 million in an oversubscribed seed round to accelerate the development and deployment of its gravity sensing platform. The platform directly tackles gaps in spatial intelligence, delivering high-resolution data for infrastructure, transportation, and dual-use cases.
A new paper in Science reports proven quantum advantage, where entangled light lets researchers learn a system's noise with very few measurements. The experiment cuts the number of measurements needed by an enormous factor, from 20 million years to just 15 minutes.
Qiong Ma, Assistant Professor of Physics at Boston College, has been selected as a 2025 Moore Inventor Fellow for her groundbreaking work on twistronic artificial synapses. The fellowship award comes with $675,000 over three years and will support the purchase of new scientific equipment and funding for postdocs and student researchers.
Researchers discovered that ultrafast magnetization switching proceeds with a speed of about 2000 meters per second, not uniformly throughout the material. A moving boundary propagates through the film, sweeping through the entire layer in roughly 4.5 ps.
A team of researchers at Simon Fraser University has created a new type of silicon-based quantum device controlled by both electricity and light. The breakthrough demonstrates an electrically-injected single-photon source in silicon, clearing a major hurdle for building a scalable quantum computer. This development holds significant po...
A Chicago Quantum Exchange-led coalition, Quantum Connected, has advanced to the final stage of the National Science Foundation Regional Innovation Engines program. The coalition aims to build critically needed quantum-based cyber security and could receive up to $160 million over 10 years.
Quaise Energy has successfully demonstrated its groundbreaking geothermal drilling technology, achieving record-breaking depths and speeds. The company aims to revolutionize the energy sector by providing a reliable and sustainable source of clean energy.
Researchers have developed a compact atomic magnetometer that uses a phase-gradient metasurface to detect ultra-weak magnetic fields with high sensitivity. The new design achieves a sensitivity of 2.67 pT/Hz 1/2 under an external magnetic field of approximately 10000 nT.
Mizzou researchers have discovered a way to 'listen' to molecules moving faster than the speed of sound, using photoacoustic spectroscopy. This technique could help unravel mysteries of astrochemistry and offer clues about the universe's composition, star formation, and life origins.
Researchers created a machine embroidery technique that encodes fabric stretchability, allowing for unique stretch patterns and mimicking the mechanics of skin. The approach enables mass-customization at industrial scale, enabling garments to conform to individual body shapes and reduce injury risk.
Researchers at MIT introduce the concept of a neutrino laser that uses cooled radioactive atoms to produce amplified neutrino beams. By cooling rubidium-83 to near absolute zero, the team predicts accelerated radioactive decay and production of neutrinos. This innovation could lead to new applications in medicine and communication.
Researchers developed a multilayer device that decouples visible and infrared control, achieving record-wide thermal modulation for extreme environments. The breakthrough allows objects to adapt to various temperatures, making it suitable for applications like defense, stealth, smart windows, and wearable photonics.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder have created a new type of time crystal that can be observed directly under a microscope and even by the naked eye. The team used liquid crystals to achieve this feat, which could lead to technological applications such as counterfeiting prevention and data storage.
Researchers Claudio Conci and Emanuele Riva at Politecnico di Milano have won two ERC Starting Grants to develop new brain stimulation technologies and diagnose inflammatory processes. The projects aim to revolutionize treatments for millions of people with tremors, neuropathic pain, and inflammation-related diseases.
Researchers developed a photon-level dual-comb spectroscopy system, enabling high spectral resolution and long-term stability in turbulent conditions. The system successfully monitored atmospheric gases with unprecedented sensitivity, paving the way for next-generation optical sensing networks.
Researchers have introduced a transparent, colorless, and unidirectional solar concentrator that can be directly coated onto standard window glass. The device achieves broadband polarization-selective diffraction and waveguiding without compromising clarity.
Researchers at Mizzou have developed a highly sensitive, affordable, and durable hydrogen sensor that can detect tiny leaks in seconds. The sensor is designed to be small, long-lasting, and cost-effective, making it an ideal solution for preventing accidents and protecting the environment.
Researchers developed a hybrid kiri-origami structure to overcome the trade-off between flexibility and function in stretchable electronics. The design features a mutual orthogonal cutting line pattern, allowing simultaneous mounting of rigid components and stretching.
A new multi-objective optimization algorithm, PNSGA-II, was introduced to optimize the optical path length and ratio of optical path length to volume of multi-pass cells. The designed cell achieved an optical path length exceeding 80m, significantly improving LITES sensor sensitivity.
The POEM Technology Center in Denmark will produce advanced wafers for photonic chips, enabling the development of high-speed communication and optical data processing. The facility will also facilitate the production of quantum chips, a key component in large-scale quantum computing.
The new Harvard device can turn purely digital electronic inputs into analog optical signals at high speeds, addressing the bottleneck of computing and data interconnects. It has the potential to enable advances in microwave photonics and emerging optical computing approaches.
A new computational framework has been developed to optimize cellular self-organization, allowing scientists to understand and control how cells grow and interact. The framework uses machine learning tools to extract rules that guide cell behavior, enabling the creation of artificial organs and potential treatments for cancer.
Using a laser-induced technique, researchers have created highly transparent and ultra-smooth 3D microphotonic devices with a record length-to-thickness ratio. The new photonic origami method enables tiny, yet complex optical devices for next-generation data processing, sensing, and experimental physics applications.
Researchers have designed protein qubits that can be produced by cells naturally, opening possibilities for precision measurements of tissues, single cells, or even individual molecules. These protein-based qubits can detect signals thousands of times stronger than existing quantum sensors.
Researchers at TU Wien developed a novel microscopy method that allows for gentle imaging of sensitive biological structures and quantum particles. The new technique stores light in an optical resonator where the sample is also located, providing clearer signals than other methods.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a machine-learning system that can shape ultrahigh frequency transmissions to avoid obstacles, allowing for real-time adaptation in dynamic environments. This breakthrough could enable the widespread adoption of sub-terahertz frequencies for high-speed data transmission in applications...
A team of UBC Okanagan students developed an adaptive model that can automatically detect subtle shifts in complex images, improving accuracy for doctors and scientists. The technology, called MEBS, uses advanced mathematics to pick out important details, helping to spot illnesses sooner and track wildfires more effectively.
Researchers have developed a novel way to reach the unexplored mesosphere using lightweight flying structures that can float using sunlight. The devices, which were built at Harvard and other institutions, levitated in low-pressure conditions and demonstrated potential for climate sensing and exploration.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a new type of solar thermoelectric generator that can harness thermal energy in addition to sunlight. The device is 15 times more efficient than current state-of-the-art devices, making it a promising source of renewable energy.
Researchers propose a quality management system for quantum technologies to ensure security, interoperability, transparency and accountability. International standards can facilitate cooperation among countries like China, the US, and Europe, creating trust in new technologies.
Physicists from the IFJ PAN in Cracow have successfully produced homogeneous coatings of titanium oxide nanotubes on large metal surfaces, overcoming the obstacle of crystal grain boundaries. The method combines nanoparticle lithography and electrochemical anodization, enabling controlled material properties.
A research team developed an innovative unsupervised model for industrial anomaly detection using paired well-lit and low-light images. The model leverages feature maps, Low-pass Feature Enhancement, and Illumination-aware Feature Enhancement to detect anomalies while remaining lightweight and memory-efficient.
MIT physicists performed an idealized version of the double-slit experiment, confirming light behaves as both a particle and wave. The more information obtained about light's path, the lower the visibility of the interference pattern was.
Researchers predict the existence of a material with hybrid thermal properties, which remains constant over temperature changes. This discovery could advance understanding of materials that manage extreme temperatures and reduce carbon emissions in steel production.
Researchers create metasurfaces to control photons and entangle them for quantum computing and sensing. The discovery could lead to miniaturized optical setups with improved stability, robustness, and cost-effectiveness.
CU Denver engineer Aakash Sahai develops a quantum breakthrough that can help turn sci-fi into reality, enabling the creation of safe gamma ray lasers and accessing the fabric underlying the universe. The technology has the potential to open up new fields of study and have a direct impact on the world.
Researchers developed a hybrid approach combining molecular dynamics simulations and Helfrich theory to evaluate bending rigidities of graphene nanosheets with lattice defects. The study reveals insights for designing novel materials with tailored mechanical properties.
Researchers developed a practical solution to verify radiation quality in clinical practice, enabling precise determination of biological effects and effective cancer cell destruction. This innovation allows for better planning and reduced damage to healthy tissues.
Researchers have successfully integrated indium arsenide quantum dot lasers monolithically on silicon photonic chiplets, achieving low coupling loss and enabling efficient operation at high temperatures. The novel integration technique has the potential to be widely adopted due to its scalability and cost-effectiveness.
A Shanghai Jiao Tong University research team developed non-volatile, programmable micro-ring transceivers using low-loss phase-change material Sb2Se3 on silicon MRR PN junctions. The breakthrough chip achieved 400 Gbps data rate with minimal impact on modulation and detection performance.
Twisted trilayer graphene creates a pattern that changes the material's properties and can turn it into a superconductor. Researchers used a microscope to probe the properties of supermoiré patterns, revealing new states of matter with precisely controllable properties.
Studies compare three helmet materials (ABS, fiberglass, and aluminum alloys) for reducing traumatic brain injury risk in elite athletes. ABS is sufficient for training and recreational sports, while fiberglass or aluminum alloys are recommended for elite athletes due to their unique benefits.
Researchers demonstrated R-STDP synaptic plasticity in a single ferroelectric floating-gate device, enabling SNN to simulate robotic capture tasks with excellent performance. The network achieved a success rate up to 85.5% in dynamic capturing tasks.
Researchers at Harvard and TU Wien have developed a new type of tunable semiconductor laser with smooth, reliable, and wide-range wavelength tuning in a simple chip-sized design. This innovation could replace many types of tunable lasers with a smaller, more cost-effective package.
Researchers studied atomic-scale defects in single-crystal IGZO to understand its electronic properties. They found that oxygen vacancies and structural disorder contribute to device instability, but also detected a relationship between crystallinity and subgap states.
Physicists from Aalto University have measured a transmon qubit coherence time of over a millisecond, surpassing previous records and enabling more complex quantum computations. This breakthrough marks a significant step towards noiseless quantum computing.
A team led by L. Mahadevan found that young anacondas can execute a quick, one-off skating movement called the 'S-start' due to their physical attributes. This movement is similar to sidewinding and could inspire new robotic systems.
Professor Roberto Morandotti has won the 2025 IEEE Photonics Society Quantum Electronics Award for his groundbreaking research on entanglement generation and processing of complex quantum states in photonic devices and systems. His work at INRS's Ultrahigh Speed Light Manipulation Laboratory has led to numerous patents and collaboratio...
Researchers introduced hydrogen into high-quality Ge thin films, reducing hole density by three orders of magnitude. Low-temperature annealing repaired surface defects, further improving device performance and applicability.
A nanometer-thin spacer layer has been inserted into exciplex upconversion OLEDs (ExUC-OLEDs) to improve energy transfer, enhancing blue light emission by 77-fold. This design enables the use of previously incompatible materials, paving the way for lightweight, low-voltage, and more flexible OLEDs.
BingoCGN accelerates real-time large-scale graph neural network inference through cross-partition message quantization and a novel training algorithm, achieving up to 65-fold speedup and 107-fold increase in energy efficiency compared to state-of-the-art accelerators.
Researchers at Aston University have developed a new class of ultralow loss optical microresonators that can be widely tunable and precisely controlled. The devices, formed at the intersection of two optical fibers, hold potential applications in communication, computing, sensing and more.
The UK's first AI for Science Master's programme was launched by King's College London, focusing on interdisciplinary research and education. The programme aims to create a generation of AI-minds ready to tackle scientific challenges, with applications in areas such as biomedicine, chemistry, and materials science.
Researchers at Harvard developed link-bots, centimeter-scale robots composed of V-shaped chains with notched links, capable of coordinated movements and emergent collective behavior. The team demonstrated link-bots' ability to move forward, stop, change direction, squeeze through gaps, and cooperate on tasks.
The Berggren Center for Quantum Biology and Medicine will merge quantum technology with biology to transform medicine, driving the development of revolutionary quantum tools and cultivating bilingual scholars. Researchers will translate quantum advances into clinical solutions, enabling new diagnostics and therapies.
Researchers have developed a new laser device smaller than a penny that can conduct extremely fast and accurate measurements by precisely changing its color across a broad spectrum of light. The laser has applications ranging from guiding autonomous vehicles to detecting gravitational waves, a delicate experiment to observe our universe.
A research team at POSTECH developed a metasurface technology that can display multiple high-resolution images on a single screen, overcoming conventional holographic limitations. The innovation uses nanostructure pillars to precisely manipulate light, allowing for different images based on wavelength and polarization direction.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have demonstrated an efficient blue phosphorescent OLED that can last as long as green OLEDs. The device uses a tandem OLED structure and surface plasmon resonance to improve efficiency.